International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 07 | July 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Energy Auditing of Thermal Power plant Mo’men AL-Tarawneh1, Prof. M. Abu-Zaid 2 1 Graduate Student, Mechanical Engineering Department, Mutah University, Jordan 2Mechanical Engineering Department, Mutah University, Jordan
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Abstract - The world and Jordan in particular, are
violation of the state treasury due to the instability of fuel prices. Therefore, the government decided to rely on renewable energy sources to provide 10 % of its energy needs, as electric power generation increased during the year 2020 from 1.13 GW to 1.8 GW. Therefore, energy must be well conserved and managed, so it is better to rely primarily on renewable energy sources [1].
facing the scarcity of fossil fuel sources on which it is mainly dependent for generating electric power. Therefore, energy management and conservation in any power plant can be achieved through energy audit. In this study, a preliminary energy audit of a thermal power plant at Jordan phosphate mines industrial complex was conducted, that produce 14.36 MW at full load. This work evaluated the performance of power plant components and identified required improvements based on energy loss by comparing the design performance (reference) with the present performance (actual). The results showed a deviation in the present performance of all components for which the energy audit was conducted from the design performance. Percentages deviation of present efficiency from design efficiency of power plant components.as follows: FD fan efficiency 3.77 %, condenser efficiency 3.08 % and the biggest deviation was in boiler efficiency by 4.9 %, because there was a poor quality of feed water and fuel, also the heat loss by flue gases and blow down. Several solutions have been proposed that contribute to improving the efficiency of the power plant.
Electricity in Jordan is generated through conventional (nonrenewable) power plants and renewable energy plants of different generation methods. However, more reliance is placed on thermal power plants, which are conventional plants [2]. Where thermal power plant continuously converts the energy of fossil fuels such as oil, coal or gas in to mechanical work then in the end into electricity energy. It works by Rankine cycle, which includes four main components: boiler, turbine, condenser and pump. Total thermal power plant efficiency depends on the efficiencies of these components. Where the thermal efficiency is as index of how well the plant is existence operated as compared to the design characteristics. Energy management and conservation in any power plant can be accomplished by an energy audit. Energy audit is defined as a systematic procedure to ensure efficient use of energy with maximum efficiency by identifying, measuring and controlling areas of energy loss, as well as identifying alternative technologies within their technical and economic availability. There should be an inclusive study and analysis of many parts of the power plant to know how and where the energy is used and to choose the methods to save energy, also provide solutions to reduce energy consumption. Energy audit works to minimize the amount of energy input into the system but it does not affect the power output of the system.
Key Words: Thermal power plant; energy conserving; energy audit; efficiency. Nomenclature
g Gravitational acceleration (9.8 H Head (m). h Specific Enthalpy (kJ/kg). hr hour.
Mass flow rate of water (
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P Pressure (bar). Q Quantity of steam generated per hour (kg/hr). q Quantity of natural gas used ( ). Spec specific power consumption of pump ( T Temperature (℃).
).
There are two main types of energy audit. Where it classified according to the depth of the auditing requires, the methods used to collect the necessary data, the amount of costs that can be reduced and recommendations. In addition to, the time spent to carry out audit which depends on the size of power plant. The first type is a preliminary energy audit (walk-through): this type is simple and does not take much time, may only need a few days. It largely depends on the available documents and a short visit to the power plant. It includes approximately 70% of the total power plant and the economic analyzes are limited. It is sometimes used to determine the need for a detailed audit. The second type is detailed energy audit this approach demands inclusive registration and analysis of energy consumption in all
1. INTRODUCTION One of the most important challenges and problems facing the world, and Jordan in particular, is the decrease in nonrenewable energy sources and their depletion over time. Where there are two important points facing Jordan with regard to the issue of energy: the first point increased continuous demand on the energy and the other point limited local resources and their inability to cover this great demand for energy. Jordan's energy demand is increasing at a rate of 3% annually. To meet these needs, Jordan imports 94 % of fossil fuels such as oil and gas. Which causes a
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