International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 06 | Jun 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Effect of Rack Friction, Column Friction and Vehicle Speed on Electric Power Steering (EPS) of Vehicle-A Methodology Mohsina1, Ajit Dubal2, Swapnil R Salunkhe3, Krishnanand Lanka4 1MTech Student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Warangal 2Deputy General Manager, Chassis Engineering, TATA Motors 3General Manager, Chassis Engineering, TATA Motors
4Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Warangal, Telangana, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------to fuel the growth of the automotive steering system Abstract - In Passenger vehicle industry, Steering performance is of utmost importance in determining the vehicle dynamic behavior for active vehicle safety and crucial to understand the performance well before its deployment on the vehicle. In current scenario, with the introduction of advanced driver assistance system (ADAS), which comes with many add on features in the steering system such as pull drift compensation, lane keep assist, auto park assist etc., this requirement becomes more stringent for the accurate delivery of the programmed algorithms. In this paper, the complete wheel-to-wheel steering model is developed for the simulation in Amesim platform with all the associated components. With the validated model, the variation of the total torque required at the pinion gear at different vehicle speeds (0 to 160 kmph) is plotted. The friction torque at column, steering rack and motor is plotted to closely understand the change behavior with respect to time for the given input of steering angle and vehicle speed. At last, results are analyzed to develop the understanding between steering system’s components so that the necessary power can be requested from the system in order not to compromise with the desired force to turn the wheel on road. Key Words: Electric power Steering, Amesim, Friction, Vehicle, Simulation etc.
1. INTRODUCTION According to the report of fortune business insight, the global market for automobile steering systems which is divide into four categories: manual steering, electric power steering (EPS), electro-hydraulic power steering (EHPS) and hydraulic power steering (HPS) as mentioned in Fig-1 was valued at USD 17.1 billion in 2018, and it is anticipated to reach USD 25.4 billion by 2026 [1]. Because manufacturers are increasingly integrating EPS into vehicle models, the electric power steering category is expected to dominate the market. Furthermore, government restrictions for fuel efficiency have prompted a rise in the use of fuel-efficient vehicles which requires efficient steering systems. In addition, the consumer demand for fuel-efficient vehicles is anticipated
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market.
Fig -1: Global Automotive steering system market share, by type, volume 2018 To cater this requirement, other than many solutions on the engine and transmission etc. one promising solution is EPS system that only activates when the steering wheel is turned resulting in 3% better fuel efficiency than that of the vehicle equipped with an equivalent hydraulic system. The EPS system is therefore uses less energy and result in fuel saving and decreases the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere and thus making it more environmental friendly and energy-efficient [2]. To improve the efficiency within EPS system further, the friction which arise at different part of the steering system has to be at a value that gives the improved performance in terms of steering feel. Therefore, when it comes to the improvement, knowing the actual values and change behaviour over a range of driving manoeuvre is important to understand. To understand and monitor the performance of the steering system, many researchers have put their efforts right from the design, simulation to testing setups. The design requirement of EPS has been covered by A. Isah et al. [3] for pinion type assist configuration (P-EPS), column type assist configuration (C-EPS) and rack assist configuration (R-EPS). Botti et al. [4] in their paper has included wheel to wheel steering system model in the early design stages of a power steering system while Hao Chen et al. [5] developed 15 degree of freedom(DOF) vehicle model consisted of, wheels- 4DOF, vehicle body6DOF, suspension-rear-2DOF, suspension-front-2DOF, and
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