International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 06 | Jun 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Comparison of Performance for Power Quality Improved EV Battery Chargers using Bridgeless Cuk Converter and SEPIC PFC Converter Namburi Ramya Sri (M. Tech, Department of Electrical Engineering, JNTUH University College of Engineering, Science and Technology Hyderabad, India) ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Cuk and SEPIC converters have been analyzed in [6]. The Cuk Abstract- This paper compares the performance of two
converter exhibits favorable charging characteristics with low ripple in battery current, unlike the SEPIC converter, which has the limitation of discontinuous output current. The bridgeless Cuk converter [7] provides advantages such as lower input current, reduced EMI, and straight forward implementation. However, it also has drawbacks like a floating neutral, floating terminal for the load, and circulating losses. Current shaping is achieved using average current mode control and voltage follower mode control. The converter's operation mode, either CCM or DCM, determines the PWM switching strategy.
power factor correction (PFC) converters, the bridgeless Cuk converter and the SEPIC PFC converter, in improving power quality for electric vehicle (EV) battery chargers. The converters are evaluated based on power factor, total harmonic distortion (THD) and efficiency. Simulations using an EV battery charging system demonstrate the converters effectiveness in reducing THD, improving power factor, achieving high efficiency, and maintaining stable output voltage. The findings aid in selecting and designing efficient and reliable EV charging systems, contributing to grid stability. Furthermore, this research lays the groundwork for future advancements in power electronics for EV charging applications.
In order to achieve an affordable charging solution, the converter operates in DCM (Discontinuous Conduction Mode) with PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control based on voltage feedback. By implementing this approach, costeffectiveness can be achieved in the charging process. Variable duty cycle control-based PWM switching is employed for its excellent current shaping capability [8]. A flyback converter is also designed to operate in DCM mode [9], featuring a cascaded dual-loop controller for regulating battery charging in CC and CV charging regions. In accordance with SAE standard J1772 [10], EV battery chargers should be lightweight, efficient, cost-effective, and provide low ripple charging.
Keywords: Electric vehicle battery chargers, power factor correction, bridgeless Cuk converter, SEPIC PFC converter, power quality improvement, total harmonic distortion (THD), efficiency, voltage regulation
1.INTRODUCTION Traditional electric vehicle (EV) battery chargers encounter issues with power quality and efficiency due to the nonlinear behavior of the input diode bridge rectifier used in the AC-DC conversion stage. These chargers draw irregular current from the mains, leading to a deteriorated power factor and high total harmonic distortion of up to 55.3% [1]. To comply with international standards like the IEC 6100-32 [2] and enhance input power quality, power factor correction converters (PFC) are replacing the conventional chargers at AC-DC conversion stage.
To fulfil these requirements, a research work Comparison of Performance for Power Quality Improved EV Battery Chargers using Bridgeless Cuk Converter and SEPIC PFC Converter is proposed which involves the design and development of a bridgeless Cuk converter, a Flyback converter with a control unit, and SEPIC (Single-Ended Primary Inductance Converter) a Flyback converter with a control unit. These designs are implemented using Simulink to ensure optimal power factor correction (PFC) characteristics. A comparative analysis is performed to evaluate the effectiveness of these two solutions for EV battery chargers. The charger offers simplified control, reduced size and cost, improved efficiency, elimination of circulating losses, and reduced electromagnetic interference. The control of the PFC converter is simplified by employing the same gate drive and control circuitry for each half cycle.
The efficiency of DBR-fed chargers is hampered by conduction loss resulting from the input diodes. Bridgeless PFC converters offer a viable solution by reducing conduction loss and enhancing power quality in EV chargers. Several improved power quality converters have been examined in [3]. The utilization of buck and boost converters [4] in EV chargers for power factor correction (PFC) is unsuitable due to their limitations in current shaping and duty cycle. The bridgeless buck-boost converter [5] presents an attractive solution for PFC in EV chargers as it allows a wide range of duty cycle variation to control the output voltage.
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In this paper, the design of the output inductors for the Cuk converter is optimized specifically for Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM), resulting in a reduction in both the
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