International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 06 | Jun 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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An Enhanced Algorithm for Load-based Handover Decision-making in 5G Wireless Networks. Lama Douba1, Ahmad Mahmoud Ahmad2, Ahmad Saker Ahmad3 1PhD Student, Dept. of System and Computer Networks Engineering, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria.
2Assistant Professor, Dept. of System and Computer Networks Engineering, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria. 3Professor, Dept. of System and Computer Networks Engineering, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syria. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The handover process is one of the most
to the loss of packets resulting from the connection interruption.
important aspects of mobility management in 5G networks, it ensures a user's network connection continuity while moving from one location to another. It is also the cornerstone of achieving mobility load balancing under the name of the offloading process. The decision-making phase is one of the handover stages that need improvement to choose the appropriate station and accurately determine the handover parameters to select the proper time to execute the handover. In this paper, we proposed a Load-based Handover Decisionmaking algorithm based on fuzzy logic, considering the cell's load before implementing the handover decision to determine whether the candidate cell is suitable for the handover process to avoid problems resulting from handover to a heavily loaded cell. The results showed that the proposed algorithm provided an improvement in terms of the standard deviation of the load in the network, average throughput, packet loss rate, and handover failure rate.
2. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RESEARCH AND ITS OBJECTIVES The importance of this research lies in proposing a solution that ensures the target station has sufficient resources to serve a new user before executing the handover decision, thereby ensuring that the user moves to a cell that can serve them first and provide convenient service for their requirements secondly. This ultimately achieves the research goal of improving service quality using the enhanced algorithm. The research addresses the study of handover problems in 5G, shedding light on the concept of cell load and its impact on handover performance, and then proposes a modification to the handover decision-making algorithm that ensures not moving to a congested cell. We then follow with practical implementation, involving choosing the most suitable tool to simulate the required network, building the network, specifying the parameters, executing the simulation, and analyzing the results. Finally, the research concludes with recommendations that define the future direction of the research.
Key Words: 5G Networks, Handover, Handover Control Parameters, Cell Load, Fuzzy Controller.
1.INTRODUCTION Fifth-generation networks include many technologies that offer features for users. Still, at the same time, they may cause new problems, which refer to the deterioration of the service provided by the network due to a failure in a particular stage, such as when setting specific parameters[1]. Despite the significant benefit of small cells, they cause difficulties that lead to a deterioration in the quality of service, such as interference, unnecessary and frequent handovers, failed handovers, and Ping-Pong events[2].
3. RELATED WORK Several existing works were done in research to enrich the field of improving the handover process in the 5G wireless networks. In [3], an FL-based handover scheme was proposed for 5G UDNs, the proposed scheme can dynamically adjust two handover parameters, HOM and TTT, by using the SINR and horizontal moving speed of UE as inputs to a Fuzzy logic controller.
Failure management [1] is one of the basic concepts in cellular networks, and given that the handover process is critical, especially in high-density networks that are accompanied by high mobility speeds, it is necessary to reduce failure cases during its implementation to mitigate the negative impact on the quality of service provided by these networks. The heavily loaded target cells are one of the reasons for the failure of handover operations since they are either unable to serve a new user or limited service provided. This will result in unsuccessful handover operations and lead to a deterioration in the quality of service in the network due
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While the authors of [4] investigated various MRO (Mobility Robustness Optimization) algorithms for the 5G network at different mobility speeds and system setting scenarios to address Mobility Management (MM) issues during user mobility between cells to ensure a smooth connection.
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