International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 06 | Jun 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
An Investigation of the Fire Resistance of Concrete Incorporating Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Partial Replacement for Cement. Erasmus P. Datok1; M. E. Gukas2, Hannatu Damisa³; M. Pam⁴ and Jonathan D. Chong⁵. 1 Senior Lecturer, Department of Building, University of Jos, Nigeria.
² Lecturer, Department of Building, University of Jos, Nigeria. ³ Student, Department of Building, University of Jos, Nigeria. ⁴ Lecturer, Department of Quantity Surveying, University of Jos, Nigeria. ⁵ Lecturer, Department of Architecture, University of Jos, Nigeria. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: The use of renewable or waste materials for construction work has increasingly become an important area of research over the years with various results showing that sustainability, proper waste disposal, better fresh and harden concrete properties as well as cost effectiveness can all be improved. Sugarcane bagasse is a dry pulpy fibrous waste material that remains after crushing sugarcane to extract their juice. Sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) is obtained from biomass burning and has been observed to have great potential as supplementary cementitious materials due to it being high in silica which has been found to have pozzolanic properties. Several research works have been done on the strength properties of partially replacing cement with SBA in concrete and sandcrete blocks. However, this study seeks to examine the fire properties of concrete produced with sugarcane bagasse ash. 100×100×100mm cubes specimens were produced for this study. The cubes were placed in the oven and heated from room temperature with no visible change until both the control and 5% SBA cement replacement specimens showed a long thin hairy crack at 600℃, which indicates a sign of failure. Both samples failed completely at 930℃ showing multiple hairy cracks on the samples, but unlike the 5% SBA specimen, the control sample was falling off or breaking due the effect of fire. The fire resistance test of 10% SBA cement replacement only showed sign of failure at 700℃ where double hairy cracks was noticed on the sample but the sample failed at 980℃. This shows that the 10% SBA cube sample has better fire resistivity compared to the control specimen but it could only attain a compressive strength of 15.17N/mm2 at 56days curing. It was therefore concluded that both 5% and 10% substitution of cement with SBA improves the fire properties of concrete however the compressive strength of 10% SBA cement replacement indicates it can be used where M15 concrete grade is required,
1.0 INTRODUCTION Concrete is a composite product obtained from a mixture of cement, sand, gravel and water in pre-determined proportions. When these ingredients are mixed; they form a plastic mass which can be molded into desired shapes, where it hardens into a hard solid mass. Traditionally, concrete was understood as a material produced with the mixture of cement, aggregate and water. The uses of chemicals as additives and admixtures are recognized to be relatively more obvious approaches to answer the needs of modern concrete production for more energy efficiencies and carbon footprint reductions (Yohannes et al, 2017). Modern concrete is understood as a material with mixture of cement, additive, aggregate, admixture, fiber, water etc. Pozzolanic additives have increasingly become a potentially useful material in concrete production. 1.1 Sugarcane Bagasse Ash: Sugarcane bagasse is an agricultural waste from sugar industry. Sugarcane bagasse consists of 45% cellulose, 28% hemicellose, 20% lignin, 5% sugar, 1% mineral and 2% ash. The sugarcane bagasse is burnt at a temperature varying from 240C to 600C, depending on the moisture content and feed of the bagasse to obtain sugarcane bagasse ash. Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SBA) consists of approximately 50% of cellulose, 25% of hemicellulose and 25% of lignin. The residue after incineration presents a chemical composition dominated by Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) (Kumar & Vignesh, 2017). In spite of being a material of hard degradation and that presents few nutrients, the ash is used on the farms as a fertilizer in the Sugarcane farming (Bangar et al, 2017). Presently in sugar factories, bagasse is burnt as a fuel so as to run their boilers and the bagasse ash residue is generally spread over farms and dump in ash pond which causes environmental problems. Also, research states that Workplace exposure to dusts from the processing of bagasse can cause the chronic lung condition pulmonary fibrosis, more specifically referred to as bagassosis, so there is great need for its reuse.
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