The examination and use of Solar Energy PV Power

The examination and use of Solar Energy PV Power

Abstract - Based on the use of solar power in high-speed rail stations and canopy architectural design, PV power application has become a major research topic. Solar power is a key strategy to enhance the energy structure. This study analyses the PV power in domestic railway stations, compares independent and grid-connected systems, and solar battery systems. It then suggests two grid-connected systems using monocrystalline silicon panels and amorphous silicon thin film panels. The second plan is ultimately chosen, and engineering practice confirms its correctness and sanity. This is done while taking into account economic, energy-saving, environmental protection, and aesthetic concerns.

Key Words: PV power, independent system , gridconnected system, monocrystalline silicon panels, amorphous silicon thm film panels

1.INTRODUCTION

SolarPVenergyissecureanddependable,withbenefitssuch as minimal disruption, low failure rates, and simple maintenance.Inordertoreducethesevereenergycrisisand environmentaldamage,thisiscrucial.Sincetheenergycrisis ofthe1970s,everynationintheworldhasfocusedmoreon thedevelopmentofPVpowergeneration.Examplesinclude the Million Solar Roofs Initiative of the United States, the Sunshine Programme of Japan, the Million Solar Roofs ProgrammeofGermany,andtheBrightProjectofwestern China's provinces without electricity[1]. A type of optoelectronicdeviceknownasasolarbatteryusesthePV Effecttoconvertsolarenergyintoelectricalenergy.ThePV effect,whichoccurswhena deviceis exposedtolightand produces voltage in the cell between its electrodes and electrolyte[2],wasinitiallyidentifiedin1839bytheFrench experimental scientist Edmund Becquerel. Currently, the world's new solar battery research and development is concentratedontwoareas:efficientcrystallinesiliconsolar batteriesandvariousformsofthinfilmsolarbatteries.The conversion efficiency of efficient silicon solar batteries is closeto25%,andthatofefficientpolysiliconsolarbatteries isnownear20%.Betterlow-lightperformanceandrelative affordabilityarethin-filmsolarbatteryadvantages,butits major drawbacks are low efficiency and light-induced deterioration.

2. PV APPLICATION MODES

Thepowergenerationcapabilityisunstableduetosunset, badweather,andothernaturallimitations.Theindependent PV system and the grid-connected PV system are the two applicationmodesforsolarPVsystems.

(a)

The solar component, controller, battery, inverter, and other components make up the independent PV system. Figure1depictstheindependentPVsystem'sstructure.The powerunitofthesolarcomponentcanconvertsolarenergy intodirectcurrent[3].TheDCelectricenergyfromthesolar component is stored in the battery, which is an energy storage unit. The controller's primary responsibility is to control batterycharge and discharge. And an inverter will convert D.C. into AC in order to supply an AC load. Independent power systems' primary flaws are their extremelylowstoragecapacity,increasedvolume,increased weight,andexpensivebatterycost.Ittypicallyhasa3–5-year operationallifeandsubstantialmaintenancecosts. Battery recyclingafterdamageisanotherissue.

PV power generating system typically consists of a solar battery array[4], a grid-connected inverter, as well as monitoring and data sharing and data collecting tools. Assemble several solar battery modules in series and parallel in accordance with the necessary DC voltage and power generation, then install them on the roof or the groundtocreatethesolarbatteryarray.Inverterandgridconnected protection are the two main components of a grid-connected inverter. The inverter plays a part in electricityregulationbyconvertingtheoutputDCfromthe array into AC at the same voltage and frequency as the power network. The back-net-connectedinverter returns anyexcesselectricitytothegridwhenthePVsystemoutput exceedstheloadpowerdemand[5].Thegridsystem'scostis cheaperthanthatofastand-alonesystemanditsoperating and maintenance costs are substantially lower because it lacksabattery.

Figure 3: GridconnectedPVSystemstructure

TheuseofsolarPVtechnologyoughttoevolveinadirection that is scientific, environmentally friendly, useful, new, organic,healthy,progressive,andfuture-focused.Therefore, usingagrid-connectedPVsystemforasolarenergyproject atatrain stationisappropriate.Thissystemismorecosteffective,pollution-free,andenergy-efficient.Italsorequires lessroomforback-endequipmentandhasloweroperation andmaintenancecoststhanastandalonesystem.

ThisarticlecomparesthetwosolarPVschemesbasedonthe design of a rail station house roof in an example of some station,takingintoaccountthepresentdomestichigh-speed railstationhouseandcanopyarchitecturaldesignandthe requirementofsupplementalsolarenergypowersupply.

1) Grid-connected monocrystalline

silicon solar panel system

A. Grid-connected monocrystalline silicon solar panel systemcompositionandoperation:

Solararrays,wireboxes,AC/DCcubicles,three-phasegridconnected inverters, remote monitoring units, and other partsmake upa gridsystem.Solar battery arrays convert solar energy from light energy into direct current (DC), whichisthenchanged intothesamefrequencyandphase sinewavecurrentasthegridbythree-phasegrid-connected inverters.Surpluselectricityisthenfedintothegridinpart for the nearest local power supply. a) a grid-connected inverter,whichisprimarilyusedtoconvertDCpowerfrom PVpanelsintoACpower(DCIAC),thensupplieselectricity tothegridandpowerssolarcellsthroughaninternalpower regulatortomaximisefeedbacktothegrid;b)wireboxes, whichhavethefunctionofconvergingseveralsunraysinto oneormoresetsofoutputunitstomeettheneedsofvarious grid-connected inverter inputs; Grid input, grid power inverteroutput,andenergydistributionofsolarpanelarray DCpowerinputareall handledbyanAC/DCcubicle.Grid outputandpublicgridisolationarehandledbyanisolation transformer.Introductionstotheprimarycomponentsare presentedintableI,table2:

Table 2: MainparametersofGridconnectedinverter

TheprincipalDCpowerdistributionschemeparametersare as follows: Maximum PV input specifications are 145KW, 1000V,andDCover-voltageprotection.Note:Transformer for isolation: Model XNY-380 300G has a 300KVA output capacityandisgrid-connectedwithgridisolation.

B).Definitedesigns

The electrical system is built to accommodate a gridconnectedPVsystem.Arraydesignedtoensureefficientuse of the roof PV panels along the entire south side of the buildingcentreofthelayoutof1.620mwidebyPVpanel's band,choose170WPmonocrystallinesolarmodules,eachof whichhas18cellsconnectedinseriestoformaboardarray andhasapowerof3.06KW,makingupatotalof80arrays. Eight arrays and 80 sub-arrays require ten exchange line boxes (XNY-HX-8 / I) to provide one exchange line. It contains two 125kW three-phase inverters that are connectedtothegrid.Thesystem'soverallpoweroutputis 244.8KWP,withalayingareaof1858rn2anda250,000degree annual generation capacity. The triangular frame bracket, which has a strong wind resistance, convenient installation, and a simple structure, is used for the solar modules bracket in accordance with the characteristics of the railway station house. The bracket is made to be adjustable for elevation panels and appropriate for use at various latitudes. This system's features include network anddatacommunication,autonomousandresetcontrol,as seeninFigure5.

(2) Composition of an amorphous silicon thin film panel grid-connected system, as well as a description of its parameters.TheinstallationofPVpanelsonanamorphous silicon thin film solar system is unaffected by the original architectural design, and optical film can be adhered to fluorocarbon or polyester coated aluminium plate. Amorphoussiliconhasalowerphotoelectricconversionrate infineweatherthanpolysiliconandmonocrystallineplates, however three-layer membrane adhesion and a large absorption zone can compensate for this. When shielded from the sun's rays, bypass diode technology can neverthelessproducegreaterphotoelectricconversionrates. InFigure6,theoverallsystemflowisdepicted.

Figure5showsthatthesolarcell,junctionbox,andinverter make up the majority of this system; the solar cell differs frommonocrystallinesiliconcellsinthegridsystem.Quick connectterminalDCwater-resistantoutputlineof2.5mm2 witha560mmlengtharetheoutputlines;connectionacross each solar cell for bypass diodes; Durable ETFE (such as Tefzel) high transparent polymer for laminate encapsulation; Glue: microbiological inhibitor-infused ethylene propylene copolymer adhesive sealant; Battery type:ALUPLUSSOLARPVL-136,whichhas22triple-junction amorphous silicon solar cells connected in series with a dimensionof356x239mm.

Table 3: ParametersofSolarPanel

Thesolarlaminates'powerproductionexceedstheratings forthefirst8to10weeksofuse.Perhapsthenominalpeak wattoutputexceedsthe14%rating,theoperatingvoltage exceedsthe11%rating,andtheoperatingcurrentexceeds the4%rating.Poweroutputspecificationsarebasedonthe industry-standardtestwith1000W/m2irradiance,1.5air masses,and250°Ccelltemperatureinasteadyenvironment. Actual performance may differ by up to 10% in terms of output. Low temperature operation, the role of light intensity, and other associated operation may have an impactontheratedpoweroutput.Thesystem'smaximum operationalopencircuitvoltageislimitedto600VDCbyUL standards.

The energy conversion is finished in a box with this programmed,makingitaverycomprehensivesystem. The system also performs network and data communication,aswellasautonomousoperationand reset control. Along with the following qualities: The uselifeofafilmcapacitorisfourtimeslongerthanthat of other capacitors, and sophisticated and combinatorial calculations are used to guarantee maximumpowerproductioneveryhourofeveryday; fewerstandbyenergylossestoboosttheefficiencyof powertransmissiontotheutilitygrid;livelineareasto speed up installation and save money; no live connections required between the various components; When the system is in use, network control software restricts the flow of AC; extremely precisepeaktracking,withamendmentsmadethrough the back of each line; significantly more compact thoroughsystemtracking;fastisolationofthedefective PVlineviatheDCcontactor.

SchemeComparison

Item

3. CONCLUSION

ThisstudyintroducesthePVpowergenerationsystembased ontheanalysisandcomparisonoftheapplicationoftypical PVpowergenerationsystemandtherealcircumstancesof solarpowerprojectsforthehigh-speedrailstationbuilding. Thedemandforeconomicandenergysavings,aswellasthe functional qualities of scheme 2, encourage the ultimate selectionofscheme2inthisprojectbecausethereisalotof pavedspaceintheroofdesignandtheradiationintensityis relatively low where the station building is located. Engineeringpractisenotonlyvalidatesthecorrectnessand logic of scheme 2 but also demonstrates that the gridconnectedsystemofamorphoussiliconthinfilmsolarpanels iscapableofsupplyingreliableelectricitytohigh-speedrail stationbuildings.Inthemeanwhile,implementationofthe programmeishighlyoptimisticforthelong-termgrowthof thePVindustry,especiallyasitisagovernmentpolicytoget aroundtheenergybottleneckcausedbydomesticdemand and economic growth. The solar PV business has a vast amountofroomthankstonationalinfrastructuredesigned toenhancetheenergystructureandfullyutiliserenewable resources.

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