International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 05 | May 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Efficient Cooling Systems for Motor & Motor Controller in Electric Vehicle A Review Nishan 1, Mohan Chandra N Moolya 2, K Srijan Rai 3, Dr. C R Rajashekar4, Santhosh Acharya5 and Sharad B Anchan6 1,2,3,4,5Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mangalore Institute of Technology & Engineering, Karnataka, India. 6VP of Engineering & Mechanical Lead, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------battery pack. due to the air's low specific heat. In this Abstract - The thermal issue is a crucial consideration in paper, Kai Chen et al. create a
the design of an appropriate cooling system for motors, and controllers of electric vehicles. The heat sources and the component geometry determine the thermal behavior. To reduce the overheating temperature of the motor & motor controller, various cooling technique are used. During transient thermal analysis, the time-temperature history data plays a significant role during simulation. In this work, the efficient cooling system for motor, controllers in Electric Vehicles related journal papers are reviewed, analyzed, and summarized by all the researchers that dealt with Electric Vehicles.
straight forward design method for an air-cooled system that is symmetrical but has an uneven distribution of cell spacing to improve cooling performance. Researchers developed an electric vehicle thermal management system (EVTMS) that is intended to provide thermal comfort in the cabin, battery cooling, and engine cooling in order to make the most of the limited electricity available in EVs. Nevertheless, there are only a few examples in the literature for the design and performance evaluation of EVTMS[6].
Key Words: Electric Vehicles (EVs), Lithium-ion battery, Thermal Management, Air cooling, liquid cooling, simulation.
The researchers investigated the effects of cooling circumstances and stack configurations on temperature distribution, and their findings demonstrated that an effective and economical cooling strategy in terms of distributed forced convection can enhance temperature uniformity and lower the maximum temperature inside the battery when compared to natural convection.[7]. Compared to ICEs, Electric motors are more effective in turning energy into propulsion for vehicles. In addition, electric cars can easily incorporate regenerative braking functions that could help recover nearly 20% of lost braking energy. Typical EV energy consumption ranges from 10 to 23 kWh/100 km, while fuel consumption for ICE vehicles ranges from 5.8 to 9.8 liters per 100 km. The design without a gearbox or with one gear allows electric cars to accelerate and brake more smoothly[8]. Among all the different kinds of cooling system that the authors found, the most efficient cooling system is the liquid cooling system.
1.INTRODUCTION Electric vehicles have advanced quickly in recent years because of their potential to lessen the energy crisis and environmental issues. The lithium-ion battery serves as the source of electricity for the EV, and that performance influences the effectiveness of the EV[1]. In order to ensure that the temperature and temperature difference of the lithium-ion battery pack are within an acceptable range of degrees, the heat produced by the battery pack during operation needs to be swiftly dissipated. Consequently, the battery thermal management system is presented.[2]. Traditionally, the main objective of Thermal management in electric vehicles is used to prevent overheating of the power train subsystems. A more general view would be to consider climate control as part of a temperature control system[3]. A lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery would potentially be more compact as well as lighter comparing to a nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) battery. Moreover, they perform better than them in comparison[4]. Thermal management, including battery temperature control and cabinet air conditioning, is a major challenge for an electric car, as the traditional engine and oil tank are replaced by electric motors and battery packs[5].
2. Types of Electric Motor in EVs 2.1 DC MOTOR A DC motor device is used on the principle of converting mechanical energy (electrical to mechanical). This can create magnetic fields, as can any motor type that has an internal mechanism to change the flow of current to the motor[11]. These motor's primary benefits include: dependable performance, low cost, simple and robust operation, and proven technology. Before the advent of
With an air-cooled battery thermal management system, it is very easy to make a big temperature difference in the
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