International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 05 | May 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Estimation Of Soil Erosion In Andhale Watershed Using USLE And GIS Prof. A. A. Avhad1, Lokesh Sapkale2, Vinit Patil3, Sakshi Kamble4, Kshetra Mote5. 1Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, JSPM NTC Pune, Maharashtra, India 2Student, Department Of Civil Engineering, JSPM NTC Pune.
3Student, Department Of Civil Engineering, JSPM NTC Pune.
4Student, Department Of Civil Engineering, JSPM NTC Pune.
5Student, Department Of Civil Engineering, JSPM NTC Pune. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------event [3]. Soil is under threat of erosion, it is one of the Abstract:-
most essential resources of humankind [7]. It depends on a variety of elements, including the slope's steepness, the climate, the use and cover of the land, and ecological disasters like forest fires [7]. The status of the soil is mostly determined by erosivity, erodibility, and land use management strategies [7]. Areas with a high percentage of vegetation are less likely to experience soil erosion because topography regulates soil movement in a watershed [7]. Land deterioration brought on by soil erosion affects more than 50% of India's total land area [5]. Every year, more than 75 billion tons of soil are lost to erosion from agricultural land around the world [5]. Two models, a physical model, and an empirical model, are used to calculate the quantity of soil erosion. The spatial input data for the empirical model is provided by GIS and remote sensing (RS), which also forecasts the probable soil erosion rate. Several experts throughout the world have studied soil erosion using various types of models. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), created by Wischmeier and Smith in 1965 for assessing soil erosion, is the most widely used empirical model [7]. Using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, the mean annual soil loss information per unit of the land area may be determined (RUSLE) [8]. The goal of the current study is to use the USLE model to estimate soil erosion in andhale village.
To Estimate, the soil erosion in the Andhale watershed an integrated approach has been adopted using Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Supporting agricultural production and resource management requires knowledge of soil loss [8]. Soil erosion has been accelerated as a result of deforestation, bad farming practices, and unrestrained grazing. The USLE model required the integration of thematic factor maps, including those for rainfall erosivity, slope length and steepness, vegetation cover, soil erodibility, and erosion control. Practices differ significantly across various climatic zones, soil properties, slopes, land cover, and crop phases. This study's objectives included identifying the spatial distribution of soil loss, analyzing the impact of land use and slope exposure on soil erosion, and assessing the use of GIS and USLE to identify soil loss. The annual rainfall data for the research area had been used to calculate the rainfall erosivity factor. Topographic factors (LS) were created using the DEM of the study area. The land uses land cover map was used to determine the value of the cover management factor and the support practice factor. The soil erodibility map was then created by assigning K-factor values to the various soil types based on soil texture and electrical conductivity.
2. STUDY AREA
KEYWORDS:
Andhale watershed, a rural watershed in the Maharashtra state of India, with a total watershed area of about 54.78 KM SQ. The landscape of the area is undulating, with occasional hills, straight ridges, and plains. The watershed is located in the tropical wet and dry climate zone between latitudes 5O to 20O [5]. Rainfall primarily occurs in one season (i.e., this sort of climatic zone) whereas the other seasons are dry.
Q-GIS, USLE, Andhale Watershed, Landsat, Soil erosion, GIS .
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INTRODUCTION
One of the biggest issues on the planet is soil erosion, which has an impact on agricultural land by reducing its top fertility [2]. Most of the development depends on industrialization and agriculture [2]. The impact of water detaches and removes soil particles over time, causing the soil to deteriorate gradually [3]. The hydrologic cycle is connected to the naturally occurring process of soil erosion, which is a common geological
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