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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 10 Issue: 05 | May 2023

p-ISSN: 2395-0072

www.irjet.net

A Critical Review of Flat Slabs under different parameters Ramendra Kumar Mishra1, Prof. (Dr.) M.K.Tiwari2 1Research Scholar, Dr. CV Raman University, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India 2Professor and Head, Deptt. of Civil Engineering, Dr. CV Raman University, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India

-------------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: Flat slabs and other similar slabs are preferred in those structures having larger spans. Due to advancements in civilization emphasis has been put on the construction of newer and more advanced structures like buildings, shopping malls, airports, railway stations, etc. This led to the use of flat slabs for safety, stability, and better design. This works deals with the analysis of critically flat slabs regarding their design, stability, and uses. Cost–benefit analysis gives the economic viability of the use of flat slabs in comparison to other types of slabs. Different design methodologies have been adopted and critically reviewed and inferences are made for the selection of the particular method of designing the flat slab. Using various codes during design are also used for the purpose. The stability of flat slabs under different situations has been critically studied. In civil engineering uses different types of slabs are used in buildings, parking, etc. Using flat slab buildings has numerous benefits over standard RC frame buildings in terms of simpler formwork, space use, architectural flexibility as well as quicker construction times. The analysis demonstrates that flat slab structures are lighter than traditional slab structures. When compared to a standard slab, a flat slab structure is 15 percent less expensive. As per the study's results, flat slab structures outperform traditional slab structures in terms of cost-effectiveness for high-rise structures. Flat slab structures result in financial savings, aesthetic views, and greater artistic flexibility for the architect in contrast to typical slab structures. Structures of the flat slab are the highest selection for high-rise structures in comparison to traditional slab structures.

Key Words: Flat slab, Load, Span, Panels, Concrete, Column Strip, Middle Strip etc. Introduction: The term "flat slab" is used to describe both a reinforced concrete slab which is assisted only by concrete columns and a slab that is assisted directly with concrete columns without the requirement for beams. A panel is a piece of a slab that is bounded on all four sides by a column's center line. Panels can be split into middle and column strips. The flat slab is typically enlarged close to the supporting columns to offer enough shear strength and to decrease the amount of “negative reinforcement” in the support zones. (Ghaleb, 2015)6 The word "flat slab" can also apply to a square slab with a one- or two-sided support system, known as "drop panels," with the shear stress of the slab being centered on the columns. Without the need for beams, capitals, or drop panels, flat slabs are “solid concrete” slabs of uniform depth that carry weights to the columns (Venugopal et al. 2016)20. It is different from a conventional slab as the latter is supported on beams and columns. Also, a Flat slab has more thickness in comparison to a conventional slab. This type of slab offers a simpler structure, more architectural flexibility, clear space, quicker construction, and smaller building height. Structures of flat slab buildings are substantially more flexible during seismic excitations as compared to conventional concrete slabs. The reinforced concrete flat slab is a much-admired idea in structural engineering because it meets architectural demands for better illumination, only needs straightforward formwork that could be removed more quickly (than other slabs), and ensures open vision while making the best use of the available space (Sumit Pahwa et al., 2014)16. The constructions designed to support vertical loads may lack the capacity to support lateral loads. The main loads are lateral ones because they are more variable and rise more quickly than vertical loads, which are believed to rise linearly with height. The “overturning moment” at the base of the structure is rather substantial and changes in relation to the square of the building's height under seismic loads and identical wind. The top-level experiences significantly greater lateral stresses than the bottom storey, which causes the building to exhibit cantilever behaviour. These lateral stresses cause the frame to tilt. Buildings that weren't built to withstand earthquake loads have failed on numerous occasions in several seismically active regions. The analysis of the impact of lateral loads is crucial in light of all these reactions. The present paper reveals the suitability of flat slabs under different parameters.

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