International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 05 | May 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Maximizing energy efficiency in hotel HVAC systems: An energy modelling approach to comparing Chilled water and Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) systems Mohammad Furqan, Naveen, Priyanshu Verma MOHAMMAD FURQAN, B.tech (Mechanical engineering), Delhi Technological University, Delhi. NAVEEN, B.tech (Mechanical engineering), Delhi Technological University, Delhi. PRIYANSHU VERMA, B.tech (Mechanical engineering), Delhi Technological University, Delhi. Under the guidance of Dr. Naushad Ahmad Ansari ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The paper presents a five-star, four-story hotel
shown that energy modeling can lead to significant energy savings in buildings. By and large, HVAC consumption in developed countries accounts for half the energy use in buildings and one fifth of the total national energy use.[3]
project in Bangalore with 2 basement levels for parking and services, ground floor for public areas, and 95 guest rooms from the second to sixth floor. The design focuses on meeting functional requirements while avoiding over-sizing equipment, ensuring cost efficiency, and providing maximum comfort to occupants. Two HVAC systems (Chill water and VRF) have been considered for the project, based on international standards like LEED v4 and ASHRAE 62.1 for maximum cost efficiency and highest indoor air quality.
2. Air conditioning systems 2.1 Chilled Water Systems: Chilled water systems are generally used in medium and large size buildings. These systems act as centralized cooling systems providing cooling to or even multiple buildings. Chilled water systems provide cooling to facilities by using chilled water to absorb heat from the building’s spaces.
Key Words: HVAC, chilled water, energy efficiency, VRF systems, energy modelling
1.INTRODUCTION
The system utilizes a machinery known as Chiller, which consists of four primary components viz: Compressor, Evaporator, Condenser, and an Expansion device. These four fundamental components are present in every chiller, irrespective of size, shape and type. Also, there are three main circuits associated with a chiller, which are very important to get desired cooling. The first, is the refrigeration circuit, which is the refrigeration cycle; the second, chilled water circuit, in which the heat is transferred from the building to chiller via heated water and then chilled water sent back to building, and the third, condenser circuit, in which heat is transferred to cooling tower, acting as a heat ejection source.
The paper presents a five-star, four-story hotel project in Bangalore with 2 basement levels for parking and services, ground floor for public areas, and 95 guest rooms from the second to sixth floor. The design focuses on meeting functional requirements while avoiding over-sizing equipment, ensuring cost efficiency, and providing maximum comfort to occupants. Two HVAC systems (Chilled water and VRF) have been considered for the project, based on international standards like LEED v4 and ASHRAE 62.1 for maximum cost efficiency and highest indoor air quality. The net use of energy has been on the rise throughout the world, leading to climate change and increasing greenhouse gas emissions due to increased energy generation from fossil fuels. Even though mitigation measures have been implemented around the world, significant efforts are still required to limit the rise in the global temperature to the 2
The chilled water supply (CHWS) is the name given to the water that exits a chiller, typically at a temperature of around 43 °F (~6°C). This CHWS is then pumped through the chiller and distributed to various air conditioning units within the building, such as air handling units (AHUs) and fan coil units (FCUs). As the chilled water passes through a heat exchanging coil in these units, it cools the coil, which is then blown with air by a fan to provide cold air to the building's space. The supply air temperature for AHUs and FCUs is typically around 55 °F (~12°C). After leaving the heat exchanging coil, the chilled water returns to the chiller, where it is cooled again, and the cycle repeats. There are two types of chilled-water systems: air-cooled and water-cooled.
°C as stated in the Paris Agreement. The amount of energy that can be saved in buildings through energy modeling can vary depending on the specific building and design options that are evaluated. Building sector accounts for approximately 40% of the total world final energy consumption and around one-third of the greenhouse emissions, therefore, it plays an important role to reduce the impact on the environment.
© 2023, IRJET
|
However, studies have
Impact Factor value: 8.226
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 1153