International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 05 | May 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Influence Of Oregano Essential Oil in Bio Electrochemical System for Electricity Generation Vismaya U K1, Ihjas K2, S. Shika3 1PG student, Environmental engineering in Department of Civil Engineering, M-Dasan Institute of Technology
Ulliyeri, Kerala, India
2 Scientist, Ecology and Environment Research Group, CWRDM, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
3 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, M-Dasan Institute of Technology Ulliyeri, Kerala, India
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Abstract - Bio electrochemical systems are revolutionary
MFCs increases with increasing substrate concentration, suggesting that organic rate is an important factor in methane production. the presence of methanogens leads to a decrease in the power output of MFCs as they compete with the electrogens for food and space on the anode. The sludge added as inoculum is the primary microbial reserve. If methanogens can be selectively eliminated from the inoculum itself, it is more likely that a greater proportion of substrate utilizing microorganisms will be electrochemically active. Therefore, pretreatment methods for anaerobic sludge must be used that are able to suppress the activity of methanogens without affecting the suppression of the activity of electrogenic microorganisms and other fermentative microorganisms [4]. Hence in order to reduce loss of electrons from the anodic chamber of MFC, it is necessary to suppress activity of methanogens. Essential oils such as oregano essential oil (OEO) which consist of bioactive compounds have been confirmed to modify the ruminal fermentation by enhancing the efficiency of energy utilization while decreasing methane emissions [6].
new bioengineering technologies which integrate microorganisms or enzymes with the electrochemical method to improve the reducing or oxidizing metabolism. Hence in present study MFC was applied to generate electricity using anaerobic sludge from Milma diary Kozhikode using carbon felt as anode and cathode. MFCs in terms of electricity generation were observed by measuring closed circuit voltage (CCV) and open circuit voltage (OCV) values on a daily basis. Average operating voltage (OV) of MFC-1, MFC-2 and MFC-C of 584 mV, 533 mV and 167 mV and average OCV of 881 ± 23 mV, 880 ± 14 mV, and 571 ± 41 mV were observed in MFCO, MFCH and MFCC respectively after seventeen cycles each of 48 h. A gradual increase in OV is observed after each cycle. All the pretreatment techniques used in this investigation exhibited a better operating voltage compared to that of MFC without any inoculum pretreatment. Even though pretreatment with heat and oregano extract had a comparable OV, a slightly higher OV was observed in case of oregano extract-based treatment.
Key Words: Anaerobic sludge, Microbial fuel cell, bio
OEO inclusion rate with certain amount in anaerobic sludge can suppress the effective methanogenesis bacteria present in anaerobic inoculum. Oregano essential oil has been reported to have second-largest oxygen radical absorbance capacity compared with clove, followed by cinnamon, ginger and rosemary essential oil [1]. Oregano leaf material as an anti-methanogenic plant product, with no adverse effects on ruminal fermentation or neutral detergent fiber degradability has been reported in vitro [6].
electrochemical cell, Oregano essential oil, methane suppression.
1.INTRODUCTION Rapid population growth and urbanization has led to an increase in water usage and apparently gave way to increased wastewater generation. As it is always recommended to use water wisely, same is applicable for wastewater. Hence, wastewater generated from households, industries and agriculture should not be seen as a threat to environment rather should be looked into as valuable resource, which could meet the demands for water, energy and nutrients. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are one of the promising technologies capable of converting chemical energy contained in the wastewater into electrical energy by achieving simultaneous wastewater bioremediation [2]. Different micro-organisms, which can compete with the electrogens for the substrate, are capable of surviving in the anodic chamber of MFC’s [2]. Since mixed anaerobic sludge is used as anoculum by many researchers, a significant amount of methane production has been reported in the biochemical cells [1]. is reported that methane production in
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2 METHODS AND MATERIALS 2.1 MFC setup Experiments were performed in dual chambered aqueous cathode MFCs with an anodic liquid volume of 50mL. Baked clayware cylinders served as the anodic chamber of these MFCs and the wall material of the cylinder acted as a separator between anodic and cathodic chambers.
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