International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 04 | Apr 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Performance and Emission Analysis of Petrol Engine Fueled with Ethanol and Butanol Blended Gasoline Fuel Hari Charan Chourasia1, Alka Bani Agrawal2 1Student, Master of Engineering, Heat Power Engineering 2Professor and HOD, Automobile Engineering,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India- 462033 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract Increasing population & continuous growth resulting the increasing number of vehicles and increasing demand of fuel leading the world towards the worst atmospheric conditions i.e. increasing pollution is one of the biggest problem through which most of the countries are struggling without having a significant solution. Increasing pollution & limited reserves for fossil fuel together with carbon emissions regulations have led to producing sustainable fuels made from renewable materials. In recent years, the focus has been on using bio fuels as alternate energy sources. Blending bio-fuels with gasoline is one of the methods to be considered under the search for a new source of energy. Alcohols are an important category of bio-fuels. Butanol can be an alternative fuel since it is a liquid and has several physical and chemical properties similar to those of gasoline fuels. Butanol don’t have many of the drawback associated with ethanol. Butanol has also a higher molecular weight than ethanol, and therefore, has reduced vapour pressure, lower water solubility, and higher energy density. Keywords: Alcohol, Ethanol, Butanol, Biofuel, Alternate fuel, Alcohol-Gasoline Blends.
1. INTRODUCTION Today’s world is in the era of technology where a number of technological advancements are facilitating the modern world. Millions of inventions and their applications are upgraded a number of times and still in continuation by the research and development activities across the world but everything has its dark side as well. Among the enormous advantages of technology there are also a number of limitations that led to the world to face the critical problems related to technology and these problems if not meet to the solution, may become a great threat to the wellbeing and existence of a healthy society. One of the major problems associated with industry and automobiles is environmental pollution. Increasing pollution & depletion of fossil fuel has led the interests of scholar to study about the reformulate of alternative fuel and after various researches after late 90’s it has found that the blending of biofuel can be the best suited solution to this problem. According to previous study, the use of fuel alternatives that containing oxygen (oxygenates) was very important as the additive can increase the performance and efficiency of the fuel. Based on previous study, one of the best methods to improve the combustion behaviour is by blending base fuel with additives. Alcohol (Methanol, Ethanol, Butanol)-gasoline blends can reduce air pollution and at the same time offers excellent performance of the engine compared to unblended petroleum fuel . The effect of the alcohol gasoline blends on CO emissions for different engine speeds showed that when alcohol percentage increases, the CO concentration decreases. Carbon content in the blended fuel also plays a major part on the emission of CO due to the lower carbon content. It has proven in many researches that alcohol reduces pollutant emission which resulted the use of alcohol specially ethanol for blending and as an alternative fuel. As the ethanol came in the practice it has found that it has its adverse effect i.e. corrosive effect on the engine materials and components due to that it cannot be used without engine modifications. Many government enforcing the regulatory to the automobile companies to manufacture engines with required modifications as they can withstand the corrosive effect of ethanol but still there is a large number of old vehicles are already in practice which cannot be made compatible for ethanol based fuel. Hence there is a requirement of an alternative fuel which can be used in the existing engines without modifications because modification and replacement of such a huge number of vehicles or engines is not practically possible. Many researchers have worked in this direction and butanol, which is also an isomer of alcohol, came into light. So, the present work is a comparative and competitive study of results to check the suitability of butanol over ethanol in order to find an alternative fuel for existing population of vehicles that cannot be modified to use ethanol based fuel. Under this study, experimental work has been done in which different
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