International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 04 | Apr 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Differential Current Protection of Transformer using Arduino Aamir Hussain sheir 1, a), Yasir Mohd Dar 1,b), Harvinder Singh2 Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali (Punjab), India 140413 1ME, Department of Electrical engineering (Electric Vehicle) 2Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali (Punjab), India 140413 ------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------considered the heart of the power system. Due to the Abstract: The Protection of the electric power network
long repair of and replacement of transformers, a major goal of transformer protection is limiting the damage to the faulted transformer. Protection against fault in the power system is essential for reliable performance. A power system is said to be faulty when an undesirable condition occurs in that power system, where the undesirable condition may be a short circuit, overcurrent, over-voltage, etc. For decades, fuses, circuit breakers, and electromechanical relays were used for the protection of power systems. The traditional protective fuses and electrometrical relays present several drawbacks. There are various ways are employed for the protection of transformer like over current, differential, etc. Each is employed for a different purpose. The type of protection for the transformers varies depending on the application and the importance of the transformer. Transformers are protected primarily against external as well as internal fault and overload. The type of protection scheme used should minimize the time for clearing fault and must discriminate between fault conditions and overload conditions. Here for internal fault differential protection scheme is used. Here in this scheme, we used Arduino with a voice announcement circuit and mechanical relay. Hereby using Arduino instead of a conventional relay gives many advantages like fast fault detection and clearing as well as cost reduction as in comparison with electromechanical and solid-state relays, Arduino based relay performs realtime computation which leads to enhancement in relay performance, facilitating faster, more secure protection for power transformer.
system is very important and essential for a dependable electrical power supply. Protection should be very fast and efficient as Electrical power systems experience faults for various reasons. These faults must be foreseen and safety precautions applied to the power system. Transformers, the heart of the power system save the world from darkness are to be protected is very essential. Transformers are the important parts of the power system. In this paper, we will use a differential relay mechanism with Arduino. By programming the Arduino, the protection of transformers is to be done. Programming is quite more efficient than the differential relay mechanism, so it is better to use Arduino instead of a differential relay. The working of the transformer is sensed & verified by Arduino every second. If Arduino finds any error i.e in an increase of current, temperature, and any abnormal function, then it sends a command to the circuit breaker to trip the main transformer. So, it is the efficient and best method to protect the transformers under abnormal conditions.
Introduction: The main important part of the power system network is the transformer as they do stepping up voltage and stepping down the voltage. The stepping of voltage is done at the power generating station and then power is transmitted at high voltage to reduce transmission loss. Transformers are used in a wide variety of applications, from small distribution transformers serving one or more users to very large units that are an integral part of the bulk power system. In the design of electrical power transmission and distribution systems, various factors need to be considered in the quest to satisfy the needs of electricity consumers. Electrical power systems experience faults at various times due to various reasons. These faults must be foreseen and safety precautions applied to the power system. Power system protection is essential for a dependable electrical power supply. Also, transformers are a critical and expensive component of the power system. The power systems engineer must include in his design, safety measures to avert any destructive occurrences that the system may undergo at any given time. Transformers are a critical and expensive component of the power system. They are
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Differential protection Differential current protection is the most reliable & popular technique in power system protection, works on the basic theory of Kirchhoff’s current law. Fig.1 Differential relay mechanism with arduino as a main controller. This protection requires a set of current transformers & each compares the currents and calculates the difference between the two. Under normal operating conditions, currents in primary and secondary are the same. So, the proportionate voltages generated by the CTs on primary and secondary are the same. Whenever an internal fault occurs in the transformer the
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