International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 04 | Apr 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Design and Analysis of Cylindrical Arc Array Antenna V. Venkata Jaya Sai1, P. Hema Kumar Reddy2, Y. Sruthilaya3, R. Balaji Naik4 1,2,3,4 Students, Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering, Guntur,
Andhra Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------kind of antenna is made up of numerous individual antennas Abstract – The microstrip patch antenna required for radio
that are mounted onto or within the curved surface and function as a single antenna to transmit or receive radio waves. Conformal antennas were initially created in the 1980s as a way to incorporate avionics antennas into the curved surface of military aircraft to reduce aerodynamic drag, replacing traditional antenna designs that stick out from the surface of the aircraft. While conformal antennas are most commonly used in military aircraft and missiles, they are also utilized in some civilian aircraft, military ships, and land vehicles. Due to a reduction in the cost of processing technology, conformal antennas are being contemplated for use in civilian purposes, including train antennas, car radio antennas, and cellular base station antennas. The reason behind this is that these antennas occupy less space and can be incorporated into pre-existing objects, thus reducing their visual impact.
communications to be lightweight, ease in fabrication and smaller in size. The current plan aims to develop a microstrip antenna with a basic geometric shape that can provide improved directivity, gain, and high return loss. The article details the design and analysis of two microstrip antennas, one rectangular and the other square, both of which use microstrip line for feeding. In our Proposed project, the conformal arc array antenna is designed at 2.0 – 2.4 GHz which provides its usefulness in many wideband utilities within the range of Sband applications. Various parameters such as return loss, radiation pattern, gain, VSWR, directivity, efficiency can be determined. The optimized antenna design and results are presented by using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) software.
Keywords: Microstrip patch Antenna, Return loss, VSWR, directivity.
Conformal antennas belong to the category of phased array antennas. They consist of a multitude of identical small planar antenna elements, such as patch, horn, or dipole antennas, covering the surface. A phase shifter device is present at each antenna, which is controlled by a microprocessor. By regulating the phase of the feed current, the nondirectional radio waves produced by the separate antennas can be made to converge in front of the antenna through interference, generating a concentrated beam or beams of radio waves aimed in any desired direction. In a receiving antenna, the weak individual radio signals collected by each antenna element are combined in the appropriate phase to amplify signals originating from a specific direction. This allows the antenna to be sensitive to the signal from a specific station and to discard interfering signals originating from other directions.
1.INTRODUCTION An antenna refers to a metallic construction that can receive and/or transmit radio electromagnetic waves. These structures are available in a wide range of sizes and shapes, including small ones placed on roofs for television reception and larger ones that can capture signals from satellites located millions of miles away. Planar antennas often have a limited range of frequencies they can operate on, especially when it comes to microstrip antennas. These types of antennas may not be very efficient at radiating signals and may have low gain. However, their performance can be improved by adding notches or using shorting pins in the radiating patch. Additionally, incorporating gaps between patches in planar antennas can enhance their gain. This is why quad patch antennas with several mid-sized patches are preferred over antennas with a single, large patch.
An array antenna, also known as an antenna array, consists of numerous interconnected antennas that operate together as a unified unit for transmitting or receiving radio waves. These antennas, referred to as elements, are typically linked to a single receiver or transmitter through feedlines that provide power to the elements in a precise phase relationship. Each antenna emits radio waves that overlap and combine, resulting in constructive interference in desired directions, amplifying the radiated power, and destructive interference in other directions, decreasing the radiated power. When used for reception, the individual radio frequency currents from each antenna are combined in the receiver with the appropriate phase relationship to boost signals received from the desired directions and suppress
On the other hand, conformal antennas are a type of antenna that can overcome the limitations of both planar and circular antennas. A conformal antenna or conformal array is a flat array antenna that is designed to fit a specific shape or mold, typically used in radiocommunication and avionics. This type of antenna can be molded to a prescribed shape, allowing it to be installed onto or incorporated within a curved surface, such as a flat or curved antenna on a curved surface. This
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