International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 04 | Apr 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Fe-BIOCHAR COMPOSITE FOR THE REMOVAL OF DYE IN WASTEWATER USING ADSORPTION METHOD Maddala Geetha Malika1, Chitimireddy Hema Kumar2, Allada Durga Bhavani3, Donga Surya4 1-4UG Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology,
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------released by the textile industries which are nothing but the Abstract - Use of various dyes in order to color the products main focus of this paper.
is a common practice in textile industry. The presence of these dyes in water even at low concentrations is highly visible and undesirable. The biochar composite has become a hotspot as an adsorption material. It is an impurity adsorption material that shows promise and has prospective use in domains related to soil enhancement and sewage purification. This material can effectively remove the dye in wastewater. Using a spectrophotometer, kinetic studies and dye tests, the structural features and adsorption capabilities are studied. It was found that the biochar composite has a high specific surface area and pore volume. Compared to other adsorbents, this composite truly achieves the concept of “waste control by waste”. Food waste derived biochar and Fe-Biochar composite are prepared by the pyrolysis process. The sequence of addition of ferric chloride differs for food waste derived biochar and Fe-biochar composites and the subsequent removal of Methyl orange dye and Congo red dye from wastewater.
1.1 Dye-Usage of dye in textile industry A dye is a material, either natural or artificial, used to color or alter the color of something. To chemically bind the dye's color to the fiber, dye is applied in an aqueous solution. As we all know, people have varied preferences, particularly when it comes to clothing, where they prefer various colors. Dye is employed in order to produce various colors. Methyl orange, Congo red, malachite green, crystal blue, and other colors are among the ones used. Fabrics are given specific colors by dyes when they are applied to them.
1.2 Release of dyes – Environmental impacts After the application of dyes, they are lost to effluents and released into the water bodies. These dyes are not removed even after primary and secondary treatment. In the textile industry, different textile materials can be dyed using batch, continuous, and semi-continuous processes. These require different dyes, yarns, and fibres. Even though these dyes escape conventional water treatment and are released into the environment. Because dyes contain colour, they will tint the water when they are introduced into water bodies. Due to the properties of dye, they resist the biological degradation. The dyes seriously affect the transparency of water bodies and also their quality. This will eventually damage the aquatic life also.
Key Words: Food waste derived biochar, Fe-biochar composite, pyrolysis process, adsorption, muffle furnace, magnetic stirrer.
1. INTRODUCTION Environmental pollution has emerged as one of the unavoidable issues facing the world in recent years as a result of the advancement of industrial growth. The atmosphere, soil, and water are exposed to chemical reagents, biological materials, and certain solid or liquid industrial pollutants. Enormous quantities of pollutants are released into the river. Particularly considering in India, the increasing number of population led to development of many industries. Focusing on the textile industry, which is one of the most polluting industries in the world. 20% of all fresh water pollution is made by textile treatment and dying. At Haridwar, India, researchers tested the levels of metals in the soil and groundwater that are close to the textile and tannery businesses. According to the findings, the levels of all the metals, including chromium, iron, manganese, copper, lead, and cadmium, was higher than those considered safe by the World Health Organization (WHO). These can lead to a variety of issues for living things. Various toxic dyes are also
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Some dyes decrease the light penetration, which decreases the amount of oxygen in the water. Apart from natural dyes, azo dyes are mostly used in textile industries. These azo dyes can have toxic effects on the water and increase the levels of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). If these dyes enter the human body, they will cause intestinal problems, liver problems, and many other harmful effects. Water that contains dye should be cleansed before being released into a water body. The impact of the textile industry on water can be devastating, but the good news is that there are ways to reduce its damage to the environment. Physical and chemical techniques, biological techniques, and sophisticated oxidation techniques such as flocculation, precipitation, and
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