TO STUDY THE INFLUENCE OF WASTE FIBER MATERIALS AND BRICK KLIN DUST ON THE GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL
Showkat yousf bhat1, Er. Anoop Sharma2 ,
Abstract -
Increasing amount of waste fibres have raised a serious concern among the environmental authorities, these are not only non - bio degradable but are also environmental hazard and disposal of the waste fiber has emerged as a major problem. These waste fibers are synthetic or semi synthetic in nature. Although these have some good properties but are potentially harmful for theenvironmentandmaycauseplastic pollution which adversely effects the land and the environment. In recent years some serious steps have been taken to employ these waste fibersinenhancingtheproperties of the soil.
The purpose of this work is to study the effect of waste fibers along the brick kiln dust as an additive on the engineering properties of the soil through experimentation and observation. The engineering properties that were studied include basic Atterberg limits viz specific gravity, liquid limit, plastic limit, shrinkage limit, moisture content , optimum moisture content , dry density and maximum dry density, and direct shear strength .
Percentages of polypropylene and BKD were varied by weight andby percentageandimprovementinengineeringproperties of soil was observed with the addition of polypropylene and BKD. Further the properties of the reinforced soil were compared with those of the naturally virgin soil and the difference in the parameters was noted.
It was observed that PPF and BKD together have influenced the engineering properties of the soil.
Key Words: polypropylene, brick kiln dust, plastic limit, shear strength, unconfined compressive strength.
1. INTRODUCTION
Stabilisation is the well-established technique used for ground improvement in geotechnical engineering applications. Soil stabilisation is essential, when the soil neededfortheconstructionisfoundtobeundesirable.Soil stabilisationisthemodificationoralterationofsoilstoboost theirphysicalandengineeringcharacteristicsandtoattain the desirable soil properties. The purpose of the soil stabilisationistoattaintheessentialengineeringproperties
of the soil desirable for the construction work. Soil improvementhelpsustocatchupwiththeincapacityofthe soil to take up produced shear stresses, which otherwise may cause failure of the soil. Soil stabilisation helps us to increasethebearingcapacityofthesoil,shearstrength,itis usedtodiminishpermeabilityofthesoilandcompressibility ofthesoilmass.
1.1 Materials:
1.1.2 Soil sample
Toascertainin-situparametersundisturbedsamplingswere accumulated.Adequatesamplesofdisturbedsampleswere alsocollectedandtransportedtolab.Testswascarriedout todeterminethebasicphysicalandengineeringproperties ofsoilsamples.
1.1.3
Polypropylene
fibre (PP fibre): Polypropyleneisthe first stereo regular polymer to have attained engineering significance.Itisa100%artificialfibre.Itisformedof86% of monomer propylene. It is the by-product of petroleum. ThefibresofPPwereincorporatedtothetextilemarketplace in the 1970. Now it has developed fourth most significant fibreclassesafterpolyester,nylonandacrylic
1.1.4 Brick kiln dust
BKD is generally a left-over produced by cutting the fired claybricks.Presently,thedumpingofthedustisaconcernto the brick fabrication firm, and hence an environmental pollution worry. The dust was stabilised used with polypropylene fibre to analyse the consequence of the combinationofmaterialsontheengineeringpropertiesof thesoil.
1. 2 Mixing Proportions
Soil,PPfibreandBKDweremixedwithuniformity.Inthis studythepercentageofPPfibreusedwas0%,0.25%,0.5%, 0.75%,1%andBKDwas15%,25%,35%,45%.Theseare addedinproportionsasgiveninthefollowingtable:
1.3. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
The experimental work comprises of the steps as given under.
I. Determinationofsoilindexproperties
II. Specificgravityofsoil
III. Determinationofthemaximumdrydensity(MDD) andthecorrespondingcontent(OMC)ofthesoilby Proctorcompactiontest.
IV. Determinationoftheshearstrengthby:
Directsheartest(DST)
Unconfinedcompressiontest(UCS)
2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
2.1 Index properties/Atterberg limits:
Table -2: index properties of virgin and reinforced soil
Shrinkagelimitofthevirginsoil 3.34% Shrinkagelimitofthesoilreinforced withpolypropylenefibreandBKD 5.86%
2.2 Compaction characteristics:
Table -3: MDD and OMC for soil– BKD– PPF mix S.
Fig.1
Variationinthedrydensitywithmoisturecontent forsoilswithvaryingcontentsofPPFANDBKD
Fromtheaboveinterferencesitwaslearntthatthereexists aninverserelationshipbetweenOMCandMDD.Onadding PPF and BKD to the virgin soil MDD increased with corresponding decrease in the water content to a certain pointandatonepointwithfurtherincreaseinthecontentof PPFANDBKD,MDDshowedadecreasingtrendwhilewater contentshowedlittleincrement.
2.3 Direct Shear Strength (DSS) Parameters of the Soil:
Themixedsoilspecimensreinforcedwiththefibresof PP andBKDweretestedbyusingtheDSTapparatusattheMDD (ϒd(max)),andOMC(w),fortheanalysisofthedirectshear strengthparametersandtheresultsforthesamehasbeen tabulatedasgivenbelow.
2.4 discussion:
Fromtheaboveinterferencesitwaslearntthatthestrength ofthesoilgetsenhancedwithadditionofthePPFandBKD. SotheuseofPPFandBKDshouldbeencouragedinfuture civilengineeringpurpose
3. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE
3.2 CONCLUSIONS
Onthebasisoftheexperiments,resultsobtainedfromthe experimentalinvestigationsshowencouragingresultsand basedupontheseexperimentalinvestigationsthefollowing conclusionscanbemade.
The combination of PP fiber and the BKD have greatlyinfluencedthesoilproperties.
Specific gravity of a soil mixed with fibers (PPF) increased by 0.5%. Strength of the soil is directly proportionaltospecificgravity,moreisthespecific gravitymorewillbethestrengthofsoil.
WiththeadditionofthePPfiberandtheBKDthe liquid limit of the soil decreases efficiently from 45.1%to42.10%.
The plastic limit when explored also displayed a substantialreductionwiththeapplicationofthePP fiber and the BKD. The plastic limit of the soil sample decreased by this decrease in the plastic limit causes the soil to swell and shrink less. The plasticlimitdecreasedbyapercentageof2.84%
With theadditionof 0.75% and35% PPand BKD theMDDofthesoilincreasesandthecorresponding OMC decreased, same pattern was observed at differentpercentagesofPPandBKD.Thisincrease in maximum dry density was mainly due to the decreaseinthenumberofvoids.
The direct shear strength parameters of the soil reinforced with waste fibres of PP and BKD employedfortheenhancementoftheengineering propertiesofthesoilwith20mmlengthandweight of polypropylene by weight of dry soil sample, is found as increase in the angle of internal friction (Φ)andincreaseincohesion(c).
3.2 future scope
1) Fromtheaboveresultsanddiscussionsitishighly recommendedthatthepotentialuseofPPfiberand BKDshouldbeencouraged.
2) More and more possibilities need to explored in futuretomakethemosteffectiveuseofPPfiberand BKDinsoilengineering.
3) Apartoffromtheenhancementinsoilproperties morepossibilitiesfortheirefficientuseshouldbe thoroughlyexamined.
4) The use of these materials should be extended to otherengineeringproblems.
5) Since these are mainly waste materials which are either dumped effecting the soil fertility and or either thrown out adversely affecting the environment,soproperutilisationoftheseshould beplannedandalsotheseeasilyavailableandlow of cost. Effective use of these may retard their environmentalconsequences.
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