AIR AND SOUND POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT

AIR AND SOUND POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEM USING IOT

1Head of the Department, Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRIT college, Andhra Pradesh, India

2Student, Final year B. Tech EEE, SRIT College, Andhra Pradesh, India

3Student, Final year B. Tech EEE, SRIT College, Andhra Pradesh, India

4Student, Final year B. Tech EEE, SRIT College, Andhra Pradesh, India

5Student, Final year B. Tech EEE, SRIT College, Andhra Pradesh, India

6Student, Final year B. Tech EEE, SRIT College, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract - Air and sound pollution monitoringsystemusing IoT describes a system that uses various sensors and IoT devices to monitor the levels of air and sound pollution in a given area. The system collects data from the sensors and transmits it to a central server for analysis andprocessing. The data collected by the system can be used to generate real-time alerts, providing valuable informationfor decision-makers and policymakers. Pollution based IoT is done by Arduino, it consists of Air sensor, Sound sensor, Temperature and Humidity sensor, CO2 Sensor, servo motor and Air Purifier. When pollution based IoT starts, it checks all the parameters provided by the sensor and Air purifier will give clean air by removing dangerous airborne particles and servo motor will automatically close the window to provide soundinsulation to the room.

Key Words: Arduino UNO, ESP WIFI Module, IoT, MQ135, LM393, MQ6, DHT11

1.INTRODUCTION:

Air and sound pollution is a growing issue these days.Itisnecessarytomonitortheairandsoundpollution levelsto ensurea healthyandsafeenvironment. Withthe rapid increase in infrastructure and industrial plants, environmental issues have greatly influenced the need of smartmonitoringsystems.Duetoitslowcost,highefficiency and versatility, Internet of Things (IoT) has become very popular now these days. Internet of Things (IoT) allows interaction between devices and humans. It forms a communicationmediumfromhumantomachine.Previously, data collectors had to travel long distances to the various locationstocollectdataafterwhichtheanalysiswasdone. Thiswaslengthyandtimeconsuming.Butnow,sensorsand microcontrollers connected to the internet can make environmentalparametermonitoringmoreflexible,accurate and less time consuming. When the environment merges withsensorsanddevicestoself-protectandself-monitorit formsasmartenvironment.Embeddedintelligencemakes the environment interact with the objects. This system proposes an air quality as well as sound pollution monitoringsystemthatallowsustomonitorandchecklive air quality as well as sound pollution in a closed area

throughIOT.Systemusesairsensorstosensepresenceof harmfulgases/compoundsintheairandconstantlytransmit thisdatatomicrocontroller.Also,systemkeepsmeasuring soundlevelandreportsittotheonlineserveroverIoT.The sensorsinteractwithmicrocontrollerwhichprocessesthis dataandtransmitsitoverinternet.Thedatareceivedbythe Wi-Fi module which interacts the air purifier and other devicesconnectedtoitandoperatesthedevicesbased on the information given by the sensors. With this method humaninterventioncanbereducedbymakingthedevices operate automatically if any impurities found in the surroundings.Otherthantheairpurifier,aservomotor is alsousedwhichautomaticallyclosesthewindowsothatan insulationisprovidedforthesoundsproducedduringthe operation of these devices, this will reduce the sound pollutionuptosomeextentinitssurroundings.

2. OBJECTIVE:

Themainobjectiveistomonitorandcheckairquality andkeepitundercontrolandtopurifyairforabetterfuture andhealthylivingforall.Thisprojectalsomonitorssound pollution in particular areas so that authorities can act againstit.Itgivesthelivedataof

 Airpollution

 Soundpollution

 Temperature

 Carbondioxide

3. PROPOSED SYSTEM:

Proposed system consists of various sensors like LM393 for sound, MQ135 for air, DHT11 for temperature andHumidity,MQ6forCarbondioxide.Thesesensorsare interconnectedwithArduinoATmega328PMicrocontroller forfunctioning.ThepowersupplyisgivenbyRPS(5v).The ESP8266 Wi-fi module is used to provide internet functionalitytothesystem.Airpurifierisusedtoremovethe harmful components in air and servo motor is used to automaticallyclosethewindowsanddoorstoprovidesound insulation.Theinformationwillsendtoandroidapp(Blynk IoT)throughWi-Fimodule.

4.

MQ135isagassensorthatcandetectawiderange of air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and other harmful gases such as ammonia, sulfide, and benzene. It is commonly used in air quality monitoringsystemsandindoorairqualitydetectors.

TheMQ135sensorusesasmallheaterelementand ametaloxidesensingelement,whichchangesitsresistance based on the concentration of pollutants in the air. The sensorissensitivetochangesintemperatureandhumidity, whichcanaffectitsaccuracy,soitisimportanttocalibrate thesensorperiodically.

ThedigitaltemperatureandhumiditysensorDHT11and it can be detecting digital output of temperature and humidity through the standard single-wire interface. The DHT11isabasic,verylow-costtemperatureandhumidity sensor. DHT11 is simple to use, it can interface with any microcontrollerlikeArduino,RaspberryPi,etc.andgetlive dataresults.DHT11sensorconsistsofthreepinsfollowedby groundpin,5vinputpinanddatasignalpin.

LM393 used to detect sound intensity. It uses a microphonewhichsuppliestheinputtoanamplifier,peak detector and buffer. When the sensor detects a sound, it processes an output signal voltage which is sent to a microcontrollerthenperformsnecessaryoperations

The MQ-6 sensor is a type of gas sensor that can detect the presence of flammable gases such as LPG, propane,andbutaneintheair.Itiscommonlyusedingas detectors,gasleakagealarms,andothersafetysystems.The MQ-6sensorworksbymeasuringchangesinresistanceas thegasconcentrationintheairchanges.Thesensorcontains asensingelementmadeoftindioxide(SnO2)thathasahigh sensitivity to combustible gases. When the gas molecules come into contact with the sensing element, they cause a changeinitselectrical resistance, whichcan bemeasured andusedtodeterminethegasconcentration.

OneimportantthingtonoteisthattheMQ-6sensor isnotdesignedtodetectcarbonmonoxide(CO)gas,whichis acommonbyproductofincompletecombustionoffuels.If you need to detect CO gas, you should use a sensor specifically designed for that purpose, such as the MQ-7 sensor.

Arduino is a type of open-source hardware and software, which is used to design and manufacture single board microcontroller and micro controller kits which is usedtobuilddigitaldevices.Arduinoisthemainheartofthe projectwhichisusedasaninterface.

• In this project we are using four sensors they are air sensor,DHT11sensor,soundsensorandMQ6sensor.

•ThesesensorsareconnectedtotheArduinowhichistaken asinput.

•ThroughthisArduinoESP8266istakenasoutput,which mainlycontainWIFImoduleinit.

•OnerelayisconnectedtotheArduinoasoutputwhereitis usedforairpurifier

• The servo motor is connected to Arduino. When sound sensordetectsanysoundpollution.Itwilltriggertheservo motortoclosethewindowofaroom.

•Whenthepowersupplyison,thesensorssendthedatato the cloud, so we can monitor all this information through mobilewiththehelpofandroidapplicationlikeBlynkIoT.

6. WORKING MODEL:

Intheworkingprototypemodel,theIoTdeviceslikesensors, Blynk IoT application, and cloud play a significant part in pollutionmonitoring Allcomponentsareconnectedthrough Arduino pins and are used to control the target. Here all positive wires are connected to positive terminals and all blackwiresareconnectedtogroundterminals.Forworking on each sensor, we required 5V and we have 12V power supply transformer. Here the power supply before the regulatoris12vandaftertheregulatoristhevoltageis5v thenthis5voutputgoestosensorsandmicrocontrollers. We presented a 12v transformer, and in this 12v transformer,thesupplyisconvertedfromactodcthrougha bridge rectifier.Forsmoothingand noisefiltration weare usingacondenserandcapacitor.Thisisregulatorinput.By taking the regulator7805 it gives 5v output and this 5v outputonlywehavetouseacontroller.Inthisproject,ifair sensordetectsanyimpuritiesinair,thenitwilltriggerthe relayandtherelaywillontheexhaustfanwhichsucksthe purifiedairfromthefilterandgiveittotheotherside.When thesoundsensordetectsanysoundpollution,itwilltrigger the servo motor to close the window of a closed room. DHT11sensorreadsthetemperatureandhumidityreadings and MQ6 sensor reads the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere and sends the microcontroller and then the microcontroller to the cloud through a small ESP01 Wi-Fi module and then the data will be stored in the cloud We implemented an IoT platform that is Blynk IoT in this IoT platformwehavetologinwithourmailidtheywillgiveus oneauthenticationcode,thiscodewehavetodumpintothe microcontrollerthroughourprogram.Thenwewillbeable toseethevirtualdataofalltheparametersprovidedbythe sensors.Ifairsensorandsoundsensorcrossthethreshold values,thenitwillsendanotificationandmailbysayingthat there is high sound and air pollution in our area. So that authoritiescanactagainsttoit. Alllivemonitoringdatawe canabletoseeintheBlynkIoTPlatform.

7. CONCLUSION:

Anairandsoundpollutionmonitoringsystemusing IoTcanprovideareliableandefficientwayofmeasuringand analyzingthelevelsofpollutantsintheenvironment.This systemcanhelpinidentifyingthesourcesofpollutionand implementingstrategiestoreducethelevelofpollution.IoTbased air and sound pollution monitoring systems can be equipped withvarious sensorsthatcanmeasuredifferent parameterssuchasnoiselevels,temperature,humidity,and variousairpollutantssuchasCO2,SO2,NOxetc.Thedata collected by these sensors can be transmitted to a central serverforanalysis,andtheresultscanbeaccessedinrealtimebytheauthorities,researchers,andthegeneralpublic.

This system can help in identifying pollution hotspotsandcanbeusedtotakeappropriatemeasuresto reducepollutionlevels.Itcanalsoprovideinsightsintothe effectiveness of pollution control measures and help in developingnewpoliciesandregulationstoimproveairand sound quality. Therefore, an IoT-based air and sound pollution monitoring system can play a crucial role in protectingtheenvironmentandpublichealth.Byusingthis we can reduce air pollution by air purifiers and sound pollution by servo motors which doesn’t allow the high soundintoaclosedroombyclosingthewindowsofaroom.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:

We are sincerely thankful to all our teachers for theirguidancefortheprojectwork.Withouttheirguidanceit wasdifficultforustoaccomplishthistask.Weareespecially verythankfultoourguideDr.G.MeeriMathamamforher consistent guidance, encouragement and motivation throughouttheperiodofthiswork.Wealsowanttothank our Head of the Department (EEE) for providing us all necessaryfacilitiesandencouragingusintheentireproject. Lastly, we would like to thank our family and friends for theirunwaveringsupportandencouragementthroughout theproject.Theirloveandbeliefinushavebeenaconstant source of motivation. Once again, we extend our sincere appreciationtoallthosewhohavecontributedtothesuccess ofthisproject.

REFERENCES:

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