Investigation of Ground Water Quality for Drinking and Domestic Purpose in Nagamangala taluk, Mandya by IRJET Journal

Investigation of Ground Water Quality for Drinking and Domestic Purpose in Nagamangala taluk, MandyaDistrict, Karnataka-INDIA.

Karpagavalli and Dr. C. Anbalagan2

1 Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamilnadu, INDIA.

2 Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamilnadu, INDIA.

Abstract

The Present Study was Carried out to Asses the Ground Water quality in Nagamangala Taluk , Mandya District and The Assessment involves the Determination of the Water quality. So We Select Some Locations to Monitoring the Quality of Ground Water in Nagamanagala Taluk . The Main important Agenda of the study was to Evaluate the various water quality Parameters Whether it is Suitable or Not for Drinking and Aquatic Body Purpose, Agriculture, Domestic Purpose . The Values Color, Odour, PH@ 250C, Total Hardness CaCO3, Total Alkalinity CaCO3, Iron as Fe, Chloride as Cl, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Calcium as Ca, Magnesium as Mg, Sulphate as SO4, Nitrate as NO3, Fluoride as F, Nitrite NO2, Dissolved Phosphate as PO4, Dissolved Oxygen (DO) All these Parameters were there compared with the ISI and WHO Standards. To investigate the above parameters for assessment of groundwater quality in Nagamangala Taluk, Mandya District. In this Nagamangala taluk was devided into two zones are randomly selected and two groundwater Samples were collected and analyzed in laboratory for the test of Physio-chemical Properties. Few of the parameters are within the accepted standard value of Bureau of Indian Standards, WHO ( World Health Organization), the Permissible values are within the limits as Prescribed by WHO. The Study investigated that the ground water quality of the Nagamangala location1 and Location 2 are good and the groundwater is fit for the human consumption based on the all parameters of Physio-Chemical assessment.

Keywords: Contamination, Drinkingwater ,GroundWater,Nagamanagalataluk,Physio-ChemicalParameters,

1. Introduction

The Analysis of Ground water quality isvery needful forthe estimation ofsuitabilityof water for safeuse due tothehuman beings, industrial activities, commercial Activities, Agricultural Activities. Most of ground water is Polluted or Contaminated. The wateris moredemand forthedrinkingpurposein all overworld.Thegroundwaterisalso contaminated byunscientific methodsof disposal of Solid waste, Hazardous Wastes, SewagesandBiomedical wasteand alsoindustrial effluents or Waste wateraredirectlydisposedofftotheopenlands.ItalsoaffectstothegroundwatertableanditalsoeffectstotheSoilfertility. Nowadaysthegroundwatercontaminationisbecomingaseriousproblemanditcausesthecriticalandmildhealthproblems for human beings. So the assessment of ground water quality is protect the natural ecosystem also. In the last few years the fresh water is more demand because of the high growth of the Population , Rapid growth of the urbanization and industrialization.Themostofthediseasesarecausedbythewater.

waterisveryessentialfordrinkingpurposeespeciallythegroundwateristhemorenumberofpeopleusedordependingfora drinking purpose. Pesticides and Fertilizers are normally used in the Crop Cultivation, so resulting high concentration of chemical constituents are present in the groundwater, water quality investigation of groundwater quality is suitable for mainly drinking purpose and after domestic, agriculture activities. Once The ground water polluted, its quality cannot by returned back easily. Hence the present study agenda to conduct the detailed assessment of groundwater quality in Nagamangala Taluk of Mandya district, Karnataka state in India. The Samples of groundwater were collected from six identified locations. It includes open wells and Bore wells. The physical, Chemical, biological parameters were analyzed for ValuesColor,Odor,PH@250C,TotalHardnessCaCO3,TotalAlkalinityCaCO3,IronasFe,ChlorideasCl,TotalDissolvedSolids (TDS),CalciumasCa,MagnesiumasMg,SulphateasSO4,NitrateasNO3,FluorideasF,NitriteNO2,DissolvedPhosphateasPO4, DissolvedOxygen(DO),withthebyusingtheAPHAStandardMethods.

***

2. Materials and Methodology

Mainly the groundwater supply for safe drinking Agriculture, and Domestic Purpose in Rural and urban Areas and Many treatmentsinfrastructureisnecessaryfortreatmentandsupplyofsafedrinking water.Urgentlywedonottakenthestepsfor the treatment of Polluted groundwater resources. The samples were collected from two different loaations of Nagamangala Taluk,Mandya,Districtsthatarebeingextensivelyusedfordrinking,domestic,agriculturePurpose.TheSamplesweretaken from the average depth 30-35 mtr. All above samples were collected in sterile glasses schott bottles (5 Liters) . Ph and Conductance’s are measured in the field by using portable kits. For remaining parameters samples were collected, stored, transportedinacoolboxkeptbelow4degreeCelsiusbyusingAPHA,2005StandardMethods.ThePhysio-chemical,Biological ParametersanalysiswerePerformedinthe laboratories.ThecollectedSampleswereanalyzedandexaminedbyusingAPHA, 2005StandardMethods.

3. Results and Discussion

ThestudywasdonetoassessthequalityofgroundwaterindifferentlocationsofNagamangalaTaluk. Thebelowtableshows the location of the groundwater sample collection and investigation of Physio-Chemical Parameters of two locations of Nagamangalataluk,MandyaDistrict areshowninthetable.

Table. 1

Shows the Locations of Sample Collections in Nagamangala Taluk, Mandya District.

Table. 2

Shows the Physio- Chemical Parameters and the water quality assessment results. Of Nagagamangala Location-1 (Crusher)

Locations District Crusher- Nagamanagala Location-1 Nagamangala,Mandya Quarry- Nagamangala Location-2 Nagamangala,Mandya

Shows the Physio- Chemical Parameters and the water quality assessment results. of Nagagamangala Location-2. (Quarry)

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056 Volume: 10 Issue: 02 | Feb 2023 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072 © 2023, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page187 MagnesiumasMg 3500-Mg,B mg/l 13.54 30Max 100Max SulphateasSO4 4500-SO4,E mg/l 24.62 200Max 400Max NitrateasNO3 4500-NO3,E mg/l 4.18 45Max NoRelaxation FluorideasF 4500-F,B.D mg/l 0.18 1.0Max 1.5Max NitriteNO2 4500-NO2,B mg/l 0.09 NotSpecified DissolvedPhosphateasPO4 4500-PBD mg/l 0.04 NotSpecified DissolvedOxygen 4500-O,C mg/l 5.7 NotSpecified

Table 3

Parameters Protocol as Per APHA 23rd Edition-2017 unit Result Nagamangala Location-1 Standard IS 1500-2012(RA-2018) Requirement Acceptable Limits PermissibleLimits Color 2120B Hazen 6 5Max 15Max Odor 2150B ……… Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable PH@250C 4500H+,B ……… 7.71 6.5-8.5 Norelaxation ElectricalConductivity µs/cm@250C 2510-B µs/cm 1090 NotSpecified TotalHardnessCaCO3 2340-C mg/l 326.36 200Max 600Max TotalAlkalinityCaCO3 2320B mg/l 317.58 200Max 600Max IronasFe 3500-Fe,B mg/l 0.004 0.3Max NoRelaxation ChlorideasCl 4500-Cl,B mg/l 147.74 250Max 1000Max TotalDissolvedSolids(TDS) 2540C mg/l 675.80 500Max 2000Max CalciumasCa 3500-Ca,B mg/l 70.84 75Max 200Max MagnesiumasMg 3500-Mg,B mg/l 36.27 30Max 100Max SulphateasSO4 4500-SO4,E mg/l 32.42 200Max 400Max NitrateasNO3 4500-NO3,E mg/l 11.25 45Max NoRelaxation FluorideasF 4500-F,B.D mg/l 0.42 1.0Max 1.5Max NitriteNO2 4500-NO2,B mg/l 1.31 NotSpecified DissolvedPhosphateasPO4 4500-PBD mg/l 0.39 NotSpecified DissolvedOxygen 4500-O,C mg/l 5.6 NotSpecified

2 ( Quarry) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Electrical Conductivity µs/cm@ 250C Total Hardness CaCO3 Total Alkalinity CaCO3 Chloride as Cl Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Nagamangala Location 1 Nagamangala location 2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 Iron as Fe Fluoride as F Nitrite NO2 Dissolved Phosphate as PO4 Nagamangal Location-1 Nagamangala Location-2

Graph :1. Shows the Physio- Chemical Parameters and the water quality assessment results. Of Nagagamangala Location ( Crusher)- 1 and 2( Quarry)

Graph

:2& 3 . Shows the Physio- Chemical Parameters and the water quality assessment results. Of Nagagamangala Location- 1

(Crusher)

and Location

Table. 4

The unit factors and BIS Drinking water standars ( IS 10500-91, Revised 2003) of Each Parameters

This investigation focus on the groundwater quality status in different locations of the Nagamangala taluk, Mandya District. Physio-chemical parameter assessment was which determine whether the water can be used for drinking, agriculture, domesticpurpose.InthisstudyinlocationoneTotalHardnessCaCO3,TotalAlkalinityCaCO3,IronasFe, ChlorideasCl,Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Calcium as Ca, Magnesium as Mg, Sulphate as SO4,the values are very less, the TDS Concentration in Drinking Water and it causes cardiovascular diseases and Heart Diseases. Whether turbidity more in the ground water it causes water born bacteria, viruses, protozoa etc..and also it causes the water born diseases. Hence some of the PhysiochemicalParametersresultsareverylesstotheStandardvaluesandremainingparametersarewithintheStandardlimits.

The study analyzes that in groundwater quality status of Nagamangal Taluk, Mandya District ranged from excellent to good conditions .and the Ground water is fit for the human consumptions, Agricultural Activities, Domestic Purpose, Commercial Purpose,IndustrialPurposeetc…SomeParameterslikeTotalHardnessCaCO3,TotalAlkalinityCaCO3,IronasFe,Chlorideas Cl,TotalDissolvedSolids(TDS),CalciumasCa,MagnesiumasMg,SulphateasSO4,Parameters arelittlebitlessinfrontofthe

Parameters Standard Values Permissible Values Unit Factors PH 6.5-8.5 NORelaxation 0.219 Turbidity(NTU) 5 25 0.08 TDS(mg/l) 500 2000 0.00370 TotalHardnessmg/l 300 600 0.01236 Sulphates(mg/l) 200 400 0.618 Magnesium(mg/l) 30 100 0.0412 Nitrates(mg/l) 45 Norelaxation 0.00741 Chloride(mg/l) 250 1000 0.007421 Calcium(mg/l) 45 200 0.02472

Conclusion

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Calcium as Ca Magnesium as Mg Sulphate as SO4 Nitrate as NO3 Dissolved Oxygen Nagamangal Location 1 Nagamangal Location 2

Permissible limits and remaining Parameters results were within the Permissible limits. None of the Physio-chemical Parameters exceeded the Permissible Value for Water Quality Assessment as Prescribed by the WHO (World Health Organization)andBIS.

Acknowledgment:

TheAuthorsareGratefultotheKNRConstructionLimitedforprovidingfacilitiestoconductandcompletethisstudy.

References

[1]KellyDeniseandGeoffWright.AnAssessmentofGroundwaterQualityinSouthCork;CorkCountryCouncil.2002.

[2]WHO.Guidelinesfordrinkingwaterquality.Geneva:WorldHealthOrganization.2004.

[3]ISI.IndianStandardSpecificationfordrinkingwater,NewDelhi:ISI10500.1993.

[4] Hem JD. Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water . 3rd Edition, USSGS Water Supply paper.1985,pp117-120.

[5]DavisSN.,DeWiestRJM,Hydrology,NewYorkwielly.Vol463.1996.

Limited.1987.

[7]WiloxLV.Classificationanduseofirrigationwater,USDCircularNo.969.1955,pp19.

[8]PaliwalKV.Irrigationwithsalinewater,IARI,NewDelhi:MonogramNo.2(newseries).1972,p198.

[9]Piper,A.M.AGraphicProcedureintheGeochemicalinterpretationofwaterAnalysis.Washington.DC:Trans,AM.Geophys.

[6] Karanth KR, Groundwater assessment, development and management, NewDelhi: Tata McGrew hill Publishing Company Union.1994.

[10]ParkK.TextbookofPreventiveandSoialmedicine20th ed2009.BanarasidasBhanotPublishers,Jabalpur,India.

[11]ChatterjeeR,PurohitR,EstimationofreplenishablegroundwaterresourcesofIndiaandtheirstatusofutilization.Curr sci2009;96:1581-91.

[12] Ramakrishnaiah CR, Sadashivaiah C, Ranganna G. Assessment of water quality index for the groundwater in Tumkuru Taluk,KarnatakaState,india.E-JChem2009;6:523-30.

[13] Maushkar JM. Guidelines for water quality monitoring. Central Pollution Control Board ( A Government of India Organization)2007,Delhi.

[14] Rahankar. Water Quality Assessment of groundwater Resources in Nagapur region (india) Based on the Wqi,E-j Chem2009;6;905-8.

[15] Loganathan D, Kamatchiammai s, Ramanibai R, Status of groundwater at Chennai City , India. Indian j Sci Technol 2011;4:566-72.