Comparative Study of Blockchain based Verifiable Credentials

Comparative Study of Blockchain based Verifiable Credentials

Dept. of Information Technology, AISSMS’s Institute of Information Technology Pune-1, Maharashtra, India

Abstract - Identity is a fundamental right of every human being. Identity Provides a sense of belonging over the diverse nature ofsurroundings. Ithasa majorroleto play in a fast-paced world of digitization where the prime tagging of entities is done over their physical identities. "On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog" is an adage about Internet anonymity that began as a caption to a cartoon is drawn by the Peter Steiner, and published by The New Yorker on July 5, 1993. And with rapid growth and developments over the past decades in consumer internet, the situation still holds true. The identity layer over the internet still seems to be broken and mismanaged. The paper is intended to shed light on the possibility of introducing this missing identity layer on the internet by proposing a blockchain-based identity that is sovereign to the holder. The solution can promise complete control or possession over the generation, distribution, and storage of identity. All this while eliminating the need for a central authority to store and manage identity on behalf of an individual, eliminating implied trust over the central authority.

Key Words: Self-Sovereign Identity, Credentials, Blockchain.

1. INTRODUCTION

Credentialsareanintegralpartofone'sidentityandhence play a vital role into providing value at most stages. Also preserving the integrity of any document is also a vital partofverification. Thepaper focusof comparing various literature paper available and the approach individually implementedorsuggestedbytherespectiveauthorsofthe publications. The domain of SSI mainly focuses on maintaining the integrity of credentials issued by the issuer and also provides a tamper less and verifiable solution. The verifying organizations can easily verify whetherchangesaremadetothedocumentbytheholder (ofthecredential).Thiscanhelpdelegateortransfertrust fromtheholdertotheissueritself.Alltheintegritypartis handledbytheunderlyingself-sovereignsystem.

2. LITERATURE SURVEY

[1] Revocable and Offline-Verifiable Self-Sovereign Identities:

To show the concept’s, an implementation has been developed and evaluated that includes an efficient and

privacy-preserving showing of credentials using noninteractive zero-knowledge proofs, all while being offline. Supporting both revocation as well as verification in an offline setting remains a challenge. In contrast to the paper-based world, it is not feasible to take back and destroy digital information. This work proposes a general concept enabling offline authentication of revocable SSIs servingasabasisforfuturereal-worldimplementations.It is an advanced research focusing on wider adaptability androbustusage.

[2]Self-SovereignIdentitySpecifications:

It Governs our Identity Through our Digital Wallet using Blockchain Technology. The paper proposes several specifications to be evaluated by any SSI solution. Subsequently, it analyzes two emerging SSI solutions uPort and Sovrin. This comparison is basis of multiple points being considered to differentiate the solution The paper focuses on studying and analyzing SSI solutions rather than providing a base knowledge of implementation and other aspects. The paper also proposed specifications for evaluating emerging SSI solutions. Subsequently, it analyzed two emerging SSI solutions uPort and Sovrin including their architecture, componentsandworking.

[3] In Search of a Self-Sovereign Identity Leveraging BlockchainTechnology:

The main methodology used is a comparative study and focuses on comparing the available SSI solutions. It also providesanin-depthoverviewandadecentmathematical andalgorithmic insights.Theyhavehighlightedthesubtle difference between an ideal identity system and an SSI system in the article. In addition, they have created mathematical notion of property to classify them accordingly.Thispaper presentsthefirstformaland rigorous treatment of the concept using a mathematical model. It highlights the life-cycles of an identity management system and inter-relates how the notion of self-sovereigncanbeapplied.

[4] A Comparative Survey on Blockchain-based SelfSovereignIdentitySystem:

The paper presents existing implementations of identity managementontheblockchainwithafocusonproperties of self-sovereign identity and discusses their

characteristics. The paper envisions that there may be numerous potential use cases for Self-sovereign identity that provides users the capability to govern their identity credentialsInthispaper,theyhavediscussedfundamental principles related to SSI along with its architectural components. They have further analyzed and compared variousblockchain-basedSSImodels.

3. DISCUSSION

Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI), according to the authors of paper [1], is a manifestation of a user-centric digital identity management model.SSI putsthecontrol overthe identitydatainthehandofthedatasubject,byissuingand handing over a credential that contains certified attributes.Thiscredentialneedstobedigitallysignedbya qualified authority in order to protect the integrity and authenticity of data. The SSI network's distributed ledger allows nodes to issue attestations about the revocation status of a credential, which they sign using multisignatures.Theirconceptbuildsabridgebetweensystems thatrelyonqueries toa revocationdatabase andsystems that require short-lived credentials. The paper [2] specifies, identity as one of the biggest problems in the digital era. Since its inception, several Identity Management (IDM) models have been created and implemented in this field, but only a select handful have beensuccessfulinaddressingtheproblemsofanidentity's sovereignty and the storage-control of the associated personal and private data. Self-Sovereign Identification (SSI), which provides users with total control over their identificationandthepreservationoftheirrelatedprivate and sensitive data, was created to address this critical issue. It stores all personal information in a digital wallet that the user owns and controls in addition to retaining identityownership.However,becauseSSIisanewIDM,its numerous components must be thoroughly investigated beforeitcanbeutilizedasanIDM.

The concept of self-sovereign identity is an exciting prospect. It has the potential to liberate any user, for the first time ever, from the parochial control of an organization regarding the management of her identities. Unfortunately, existing works are not methodological and they do not explore the topic in a more formal way. This article[3] contended against the notion and argued that many of these properties belong to an identity management system. Self-sovereign identity management systems could be realized in a smart-contract supported blockchainsystem.

Identitymanagementisaveryimportantdomaintoaccess services from different service providers. In current scenario,itisverydifficultforserviceproviderstomanage large number of users and at the same time users do not haveanycontrolovertheiridentityinformation.Thereisa

need to change trust management in digital identity from centralized to decentralized environment. This paper[4] supports the literature by contrasting actually available blockchain-basedself-sovereignidentitymodels.

4. CONCLUSION

Moderndailylifeislargelyreliantondigitalidentification. Online interactions are made easier and more secure thanks to ongoing technical advancements in this field. Providing a digital form of identification that replicates actual paper-based identities and transactions is the foundation of digital identity. Digital identification is essential for enterprises. For companies to remain competitive against those that have embraced developing technology earlier, it is crucial to offer ways for users to connect with digital services safely and securely. A crucial element is privacy. Businesses need to have confidence in the security of their systems and the protectionoftheirpersonnelandcustomerdatafromboth insider and outside threats. Customers and employees mustalsofeelincontrolofandsecurewiththeirdata.

REFERENCES

[1] Abraham, A., More, S., Rabensteiner, C., & Horandner, F. (2020). Revocable and Offline-Verifiable Self-Sovereign Identities. 2020 IEEE 19th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom). doi:10.1109/trustcom50675.2020.

[2] Nitin Naik and Paul Jenkins. Self-Sovereign Identity Specifications: Govern Your Identity Through Your Digital Wallet using Blockchain Technology, 2020 8th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Cloud Computing, Services,andEngineering(MobileCloud).

[3] Ferdous,M.S.,Chowdhury,F.,&Alassafi,M.O.(2019). InSearchofSelf-SovereignIdentityLeveragingBlockchain Technology. IEEE Access, 1

1 doi:10.1109/access.2019.2931173.

[4] Jayana Kaneriya and Hiren Patel, A Comparative Survey On Blockchain Based Self Sovereign Identity System, 2020 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS) DOI: 10.1109/ICISS49785.2020.9315899

[5] QuintenStokkinkandJohanPouwelse,Deploymentof a Blockchain-Based Self-Sovereign Identity, 2018 IEEE Confs on Internet of Things, Green Computing and Communications, Cyber, Physical and Social Computing, Smart Data, Blockchain, Computer and Information Technology, Congress on Cybermatics, DOI 10.1109/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00230

BIOGRAPHIES

AISSMS IOIT , PUNE

Gaurav Bade

BE -IT

AISSMS IOIT ,Pune

Hetal Parmar BE -IT

AISSMS IOIT , Pune

Krishna Waske BE- IT

AISSMS IOIT , Pune