GREEN CONCRETE BY USING INDUSTRIAL WASTE MATERIAL- FLY ASH AND MARBLE DUST
Patel Dhruv11PG Student, Structure Engineering, Sarvajanik University, Surat, Gujarat, India ***
Abstract - Marble has been usually used as an arte fact since the traditional times. Consequently, Marble waste as a by-product could be a vital material which needs adequate environmental disposal effort. Additionally, exercise waste while not correct management may end up in environmental issues larger than the waste itself. Marble dust could be a stuff shaped throughout the assembly of marble. An outsized amount of dust is generated throughout the cutting method. The result's that concerning twenty fifth of the first marble mass is lost within the variety of dust. These waste materials are going to the atmosphere directly will cause environmental issues like increase within the soil pH, affects the plants, affects the soma etc. Marble dust is a solid material generated from the marble process will be used either as a filler material in cement or fine aggregates whereas making ready concrete. Marble dust will be used as associate degree admixture in concrete, so strength of the concrete will be enhanced. The assembly of cheaper and a lot of sturdy concrete exploitation this waste will facilitate the technologist fraternity to make sure economy within the infrastructural project and redress the environmental degradation downside. This paper highlights the practicability of the substitution of marble waste for cement to achieve economy and environmental conservation.
Key Words: Green concrete, Waste Material, fly ash, marble dust, compressive strength, split tensile strength.
1. INTRODUCTION
Green concrete is extremely usually and conjointly low costtoprovide,asaresultofasanexample,wasteproduct area unit used as a partial substitute for cement, charges for the disposal of waste area unit avoided; energy consumption in production is lower. To boost the environmental friendliness of concrete to create it appropriate as a “Green Building” material. Inorganic residualproductareaunitusedadditionalexpeditiouslyas inexperienced aggregates in concrete and also the setting is protected against waste deposits. Marble sludge dust, quarry dirt and ash area unit a number of the materials used for creating inexperienced concrete, as property construction [1]. Inexperienced concrete Technology we areabletosavethenaturalmaterialsforfutureuseorthe generations, however if we have a tendency to use waste materials for construction Jewess materials are going to
become a property material and also because the value canbereduced[2][3]
These area unit the social and accountability of state and trade to resolve the matter of Waste Marble dust (WMD) pollution. Thus, new approaches that contemplate industrial wastes as different raw materials become attention-grabbing, each technically and economically, for a large vary of applications. It’s necessary to explore the utilizationofarmincementtradeasfillerfortheassembly of concrete our explicit interest is that the use of arm in cementtradeasfillerfortheassemblyofconcrete[4].
Use of commercial wastes Associate in publically by product as an combination or stuff is of nice sensible significance developing arte fact parts as substitutes for materials and providing another or supplementary materials to the construction industry during a value effective manner and also the conservation of natural resources[5][6]. In order to properly eliminate this whole bunch to thousands of tons of marble dust, the utilization ofinnovativetechniquestorecyclethemisveryimportant. While not the right disposal of this dust material, these areaunitthekeycausetohealthrisksofthegeneralpublic and also the setting. Therefore, the target of this paper is to check the likelihood to include marble sawing dust wastesasfillerinconcreteandconjointlyinbrickproduct with no major sacrifice of the properties of the ultimate product and thereby reducing the unsatisfied effects of Marbledust[7]
Manufacture of cement clinkers for combustion of commercial solid waste ash. Results show that within the processed clinkers all the key parts of OPC clinker area unit gift. Waste could also be used as a element for the assembly of latest merchandise or as a mixture to permit more practical use of natural sources and defend the settingfromwastedisposals.Thecommonstonethatarea unitcollectedfromcrushersisn'tmeetwithIS383-1979.
2. Materials
Cement
ThemostcommoncementusedisPortlandPozzolana Cement (Part I-Fly ash) based on IS: 1489 (PART-1) 1991isgettingused[6].
Natural sandwhichiseasilyavailableandlowinprice was used in the work. It has cubical or rounded form withsmoothsurfacetexture.
Fly Ash
Whenfinecoalisburntogetheat,theresiduecontains 80% ash and 20 % bottom ash. Ash made in Indian power stations area unit light-weight to mid- grey in colorandhavethelooksofcement.Useofashconcrete in situ of PCC won't solely change substantial savings withintheconsumptionofcementandenergyhowever additionallygiveseconomy.Theuseofflyashhassome number of advantages. It is theoretically possible to replace 100% of Portland cement by fly ash, but replacement levels above 80% generally require a chemical activator. Studies have found that the optimum replacement level is around 30%. Moreover flyashcanimprovecertainpropertiesofconcrete,such as durability. Because it generates less heat of association, it's notably likeminded for mass concrete applications. The employment of ash in concrete in optimum proportion has several technical advantages andimprovesconcreteperformanceineachrecentand hardened state. Ash use in concrete improves the workability of plastic concrete, and therefore the strength and sturdiness of hardened concrete. Generally, ash advantages concrete by reducing the blending water demand and raising the paste flow behavior[4].
Aggregate has high compressive and shear strength, as well as enough permeability for interlocking. Two types of aggregates are coarse and fine aggregates respectively range in between 10mm to 12 mm and below2.36mmtobeused. Table
Marble Dust
Marbledustischaracterizedbyitsfinedustytexture, similartothatofcrushedlimestone.Sincemarbleisa harder,crystallizedrock,thedustisnotcomprisedof softparticles.Thedustalsohasaslightshimmertoit becauseofthecrystallizedparticles,anditcanalsobe discolored with brown, grey, yellow, pink or even greenish particles due to impurities in the original marble. Marblehasbeen normallyusedasa building material since times of yore. Disposal of the waste materials of the marble business, consisting of terribly fine dusts, is one in all the environmental issues worldwide these days. However, these waste materials are with success and economically used to enhance some properties of contemporary and hardened properties of mortar and concrete. Marble waste dust is an industrial waste containing heavy metalsinconstituent. Finenesswith90%ofparticles
passing by 300µ sieves. Marble dust was collected from the deposits of marble factories throughout shaping.ItwasabsolutelypreservedonIS-150µsieve beforemixinginconcrete[4]
Marbledustswereaddedinconcreteanintervalof5%up to 20%. For each percentage of marble dust replacing Cement.Cubes&cylinderswerecastedfor7days,14days and28days.Finalstrengthofcube&cylinderweretested after7days&14days,28daysofcuring[6]
Marblestoneindustrygeneratesbothsolidwasteand stone slurry. Whereas solid waste results from the rejects at the mine sites or at the processing units, stone slurry is a semi liquid substance consisting of particles originating from the sawing and the polishing processes and water used to cool and lubricate the sawing and polishing machines. Stone slurry generated during processing corresponds to around20%ofthefinalproductfromstoneindustry. Therefore the scientific and industrial community must commit towards more sustainable practices. There are several reuse and recycling solutions for this industrial by-product, both at an experimental phaseandinpracticalapplications.
Compressive strength of concrete is tested on cube at different percentage of marble dust content in concrete.Thestrengthofconcretehasbeentestedoncube at7days,14daysand28daysofcuring.7dayscheckhas beenconductedtoseethegainininitialstrengthconcrete. 28daystestprovidestheinformationofultimatestrength of concrete at 28 days curing. Compression testing machine is used for testing the compressive strength test onconcrete.Atthetimeoftestingthecubeistakenoutof water and dried then tested keeping the smooth faces in higherandlowerpart.
3. Methods
Concrete Mix Design: Intheregulardaystudy,M20grade with combine of ingredient as per IS 456-2000 was used. Theconcretecombineproportion(cement:fineaggregate: coarseaggregate)is1:1.5:3byvolumeandawatercement quantitativerelationof0.5.
Splitdurabilityofconcreteistestedoncylindersattotally different proportion of marble dust content in concrete. The strength of concrete has been tested on cylinder at 7 days,14daysand28daysofcuring.7dayscheckhasbeen conductedtoseethegainininitialstrengthofconcrete.28 days test provides the information of final strength of concrete at 28 days of curing. Compression testing machineis employed for testing the Split durability check
on concrete long with 2 wooden boards. At the time of testing the cylinder taken out of water and dried then tested.
whereas replacement of sand by marble waste dust upto20% enhancestheslumpoftheconcretemixes. In concrete production replacement of 50% cement by waste marble dust provides comparable compressiveandflexural strengthasof marblewaste free concrete specimens; however increasing the replacement range on the far side results in strength reduction.
Split Tensile strength of concrete (Cylinder)
Figure-3: SplitTensileStrength
Tensilestrengthofconcreterangesfrom10to18youlook afterthecompressivestrength.Itmaybemeasuredbythe directtensileloadingcheck. Throughoutcastingthecubes is automatically vibrated on table vibrator (figure 3). But theapplyingofdirect tensileloadto the testspecimens is quite tough. For this reason the strength of concrete is sometimes measured by the indirect tension test like splitting test. Tensile splitting strength tests of concrete block specimens were determined at 28 days. When curing, the specimens shall test for Split strength using a label compressiontestingmachineof2,000KNcapacities. Theloadingrateonthecubeis10N/mm2 permin[6]
Split tensile strength was conducted on varied specimen as per guidelines given in IS -516-1959.The cylindrical specimen was tested at the age of 7 days, 14 days & 28 daysaftersurfacedryingsame.Thetestwasconductedon Universal Testing Machine. The result obtained at the curingageof7days,14days&28daysgivenintable.
4. Results and Discussion
Compressive strength of concrete (Cube & cylinder)
Compressivestrengthofconcreteistestedoncubeat uniqueprobabilityofmarbledustcontentinconcrete. Concretehasgiventheirstrengthat7dayscuringand 28 days. 7 days test has been conducted to check the gain in original strength concrete. 28 days test gives thedataoffinalstrengthofconcreteat28dayscuring. Compression testing operators is used for testing the compressive strength test on concrete. At the time of testing the cube is taken out of water and dried and also tested keeping the smooth faces in upper and lower part. The investigation disclosed that substitution of cement with marble waste dust up to 20% nothing reduces the slump of concrete mixes,
Split Tensile strength of concrete is tested on cylindersatuniqueprobabilityofmarbledustcontent in concrete. Concrete has given their strength at 7 days curing and 28 days. 7 days test has been conducted to check the gain in initial strength of concrete. 28 days test gives the data of final strength of concrete at 28 days curing. Compression testing machine is used for testing the Split Tensile strength test on concrete along with 2 wooden boards. At the time of testing the cylinder taken out of water and dried and then tried, in concrete production, substitution of sand up to 20% by marble waste dust provides similar strength as of concrete mixes with 100% sand each at early and latter ages. On the premise of the sooner experimental studies the unit weight of the concrete raised due to the high specific gravity of WMD and also filler impact of marble dust because it's finer particles than fine sand aggregate. As a matter of truth marble dust had a filler impact (particularly vital at early ages) and contends an understandable role within the hydration method. Cement being kept constant it's an expected outcome that an enhancement within the mechanical and physical properties has taken place by virtue of the marble dust’s contribution to the hydration method. The consistency of the concrete decreased and increasewithpercentageofmarbledustadditions.
5. Conclusion
The waste marble dust that are normally dumped in near the quarry site and create unacceptable environmental impacts.The Compressive strength of Cubes are increased with addition of waste marble dust up to 10% replace by weightofcementandfurtheranyadditionofwastemarble dustthecompressivestrengthdecreases.TheSplitTensile strengthofCylindersareincreasedwithadditionofwaste marble dust up to 10% replace by weight of cement and furtheranyadditionofwastemarbledusttheSplitTensile strength decreases. Thus we found out the optimum percentage for replacement of marble dust with cement anditisalmost10%cementforbothcubesandcylinders. We have place forth an easy step to reduce the prices for construction with usage of marble dust that is freely or cheaply available; additional significantly. We've additionally stepped into a realm of the environmental
pollution by cement production; being our main objective as Civil Engineers. The replacement of total fine aggregates with50% marbledustand50%ofquarryrock dustgivesanexcellentresultinstrengthaspectandquality aspect.Increasethemarbledustcontentbymorethan50% provestheworkability.
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