ORGANIC FOOD GRADING SYSTEM FOR FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
ABSTRACT: - Organic food plays an essential role in our lives. Nowadays, many people are affected by different disorders and many health issues like cancer, diabetes, respiratory disease, blood pressure and all external diseases also. Compared to ancient history, the death rate of people due to health issues has increased rapidly. Why do these types of issues occur? A common answer to this question is food habits. But we don't know what is happening behind this process. Various health issues occur due to an imbalance in the pH of our body. In chemistry, pH historically stands for " Potential of Hydrogen" , which is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Acidic solutions are measured to have better pH values than basic or alkaline solutions. Our body works constantly to carefully control pH levels of blood and other fluids. The body's pH balance is also called the acid-base or acid-alkaline balance. The right pH level is needed for good health conditions. The pH scale ranges from 0-14. The readings are based around a pH of 7, which is neutral like pure water. A pH below 7.35 is acids and higher than 7.45 is alkaline or basic. By comparison, our stomach acid has a pH of around 1.5 to 3.5. Thus, it makes it acidic. A low pH is good for digesting food and destroying any germs that get into the stomach. If the pH varies from 47, it means it will not destroy the germs in the stomach and will slowly affect the internal organs in our stomach and, as a result, it leads to death. The pH level of our body depends upon the intake of food and vegetables. Therefore, to maintain the pH of our body, we must also take care of the fruits and vegetables which we are consuming. So, this project will justify and record the pH level of fruits and vegetables during their growing period using soil moisture sensor, TDS sensor, pH sensor. And depending on their pH, the grading system will be activated.
1. INTRODUCTION: -
In the year 2022, India's population will be approximately 1.417 billion. As the population increases, the demand also increases for their food, shelter, daily needs,etc.Foodisthemostimportantsourceforahuman being to stay alive on this earth. Animals search for their food, while birds also follow the same procedure for their food.Wherehumanscannotfightfortheirfood,theymust satisfy their needs through their own well-being. As a
result, during the ancient period, all the people started framingfortheirownwelfare.Later,dependingonthesoil type, someofthe products maynot grow on thatland. So, theystartedtoshareandexchangetheirproductstofulfill their requirements. As days passed framing has become less prominent over time. As a result, production has reduced rapidly, and many people have started to die due to food scarcity. The farmers cannot produce a huge productduetoagrowingpopulationandalackoflandfor theirproduction.Thisleadstofoodscarcityinalloverthe world.Aquarteroftheworld'shungrypeopleliveinIndia, in which the UNO-India reports that there near to 195 million underfed people. Additionally, 43% of children in Indiahavechronicundernutrition.Indiaisranked68thout of 113 major nations in the food security index for 2022. Tocombatthefoodshortage,farmersbegantouseorganic fertilizers and pesticides, which will aid in faster growth. Following this process reduced food scarcity by about 8085%, but people were not healthier than our ancient ancestors. As food scarcity decreased, so did health problems. Thousands and thousands of people were affectedbydifferenthealthissues.Howdotheseproblems arise? It’s all because of imbalance in pH level. pH stands for"potential of hydrogen". Itspecifies the hydrogenlevel ofalllivingorganisms.Dependingontheirnature,pHmay vary.Ahumanbeing'spH,forexample,shouldbebetween 7.35and7.45;ifitishigherthan7.45,itindicatesthatthe bodycontainsmorealkaline,whichisbaseinnature,andif it is lower than 7.35, it indicates that the body contains more acid in nature. If the values vary, they may be affectedbysomehealthissuesduetoalackofanimmune system. It will be maintained only in the proper food habitats.Asaresult,fertilizerthatdoesnotchangethepH ofthesoilmustbeusedforfoodproduction,resultingina balancedpHoffruitsandvegetables.
2. EXISTING TECHNIQUE: -
The Soil is the source of many nutrients’ elements. The natureofthesoilanditsorganicmattercontent isthekey factorforvariousnumberofelementsinthesoil.Insoluble compounds , complex and simple forms of soil nutrients arepresent.
Thenutrientsofthesoilaremeasuredbythevalueofthe pHofthesoil.pHgivesthe exactvalueofthesoilcontent whether it consists of nutrients. pH should be in the correct range if not it leads in the slow growth and increaseintheerosion.
3. SYSTEM HARDWARE: -
3.1. RASBERRYPI
The Raspberry Pi is a hardware device which is usefulformanypurposes.RaspberryPimajorlyconsistsof aprocessorandgraphicchip,programmedmemorythatis Random Access Memory (RAM),a Ethernet port, power source, GPIO pins, connector and an Xbee socket. It is literally known as a mini computer. As the PC boots into Windows from its hard disc same the raspberry pi boot from its SD card Raspberry Pi is used in many sources such a wireless print server, robot controller, time lapse camera. It has many advantages as it has huge processing power, it supports many platforms such a Linux, Python and it consists of many interfaces such as Wi-Fi, HDMI, multiple USB ports, Ethernet, Bluetooth, many GPIOs. RaspberrypiconsistsoftwotypesModelAandModelB.
MODEL A: -
The Model A Raspberry Pi is one of the types of the RaspberryPi. Itissmallandlowincost.TheRaspberryPi is classified according to the network capabilities. The Model A Raspberry Pi consists of the same components such as the processor and graphic chip, programmed
memory that is Random Access Memory (RAM),an Ethernet port, power source, GPIO pins, connector and an Xbee socket. The Model A Raspberry Pi is most popular due to its size and the cost. It is more effective to use as well.AsitisoneofthetypesoftheRaspberryPiitconsists of all the features of the raspberry pi. There are more advantagesinusingtheModelARaspberryPi.Ithasmany featuressuchas itconsists offasterprocessor, itsupports alltypeofcodesanditcanbeusedasaportablecomputer.
MODEL B: -
The Model B Raspberry Pi is the second type of the Raspberry Pi. It consists of the processor which is of 700MHz.Thesize ofthe SDRAMis 512MBanditconsists ofacoreCPUARM1176JZF-S.TheEthernetplaysaroleas aprimarygatewayforconnectingtheinternettotheother devices. The Ethernet is more prioritized in the Model B Raspberry pi as it plays a vital role in it. The micro-USB adapterwiththerangeofminimum2.5 wattsgivespower totheModelBRaspberryPi.Theinternaldataconnectivity option is unavailable in the Model B Raspberry Pi. The USBboardonlysupportstheexternaldataconnectivity.
3.2. SOIL MOISTER SENSOR
Soil moisture is one of the major parameters to a good and healthy plants. The soil moisture is the level of the water present in the soil. It should be in the correct exact level according to the type of plant planted and according to the temperature. The monitoring of the soil moisture levelhelpsinmaintainingthehealthoftheplant.Thereare manywaystodetectthesoilmoisturelevel.
There is a separate sensor to measure the level of the soil moisture. The soil moisture sensor consists of two probes init. The twoprobes aredigger inthesoil to measurethe level of the moisture. The sensor consists of a electronic module which helps in connecting the sensor to the Arduino or any external device. The reading is sent from thesensorandcanbeviewedbytheexternaldevices. The module consists of a sensitivity adjustment and a LM393 Comparator. The module additionally consists of a potentiometer which uses in adjusting the sensitivity. The soil moisture sensor also consists of pins such as Analog and Digitalpins.
3.4. TFT DISPLAY
TFT display is one of the common types of the LCD(Liquid-crystaldisplay)display. TheTFTwhichstands for Thin Film Transistor. As the name indicates Thin Film Transistor uses a technology called thin film Transistor ComparativelythisTFTdisplayisbestinthequalityandin the cost wise too. TFT display is used in many places due toitsclearanceandthefullcoverview.TheTFTdisplayis majorlyknownforitslowenergyconsumption.
TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) is the measure of the total amount of solvents or salts present in the solution. The solution maybe anything but should be a liquid. Most commonly the Total Dissolved Solids of the water is measured . This gives the content of the salts present in thewater.TheTotalDissolvedSolidsofwaterismeasured bytheppm. Theppmisknownastheparticlespermeter. Thisisthecommonlyusedmeasurement.TheTDSsensor isusedtosensethealuminumoftheTDS.TheTDSsensor consistsofaprobewhichtobediginthesoiltomeasure.
4. WORKING OF PROPOSED METHOD:
Due to huge population, farmers were demanded to produce more cultivation to maintain that population. Therefore, to produce more cultivation, they were using fastest growing fertilizer which may produce more productionoffruitsandvegetablesbutatthe sametimeit produces equal amount of health issues to human body. Due to fastest growing, the pH level of fruits and vegetables will be imbalanced and if we eat that imbalancedoffruitsandvegetables,ourbodypH will also becomeimbalancedandresultsinvarioushealthissues.
Toovercomethisproblem,Organicfoodgradingsystem of fruits and vegetables is used to determine the balanced pH of fruits and vegetables during their growing period. TDS sensor is used to determine the presence of nitrogen (N),phosphorus(P),andpotassium(K)inthesoil.
With the help of this sensor, we can determine the pH level of soil. And soil moister sensor is also used to determine the moisture level of the soil This sensor is connected to rasberrypi, and the information is stored in thedatabaseofthatfarmerswebsite.DependingonthepH ofthatland,thegradingsystemwillbeallocated.
5.
RESULT: -
TheresultscanbedisplayedinTFTdisplay.
6. CONCLUSION: -
Byusingthisproject,wewillmaintainourbodypHlevel in balanced condition and increase in the production of organicfruitsandvegetables.AsthepH level offruitsand vegetablesarebalanced,the pHofa humanbody will also become balanced and reduction from various health issues.ThepHleveloffruitsandvegetablesisdisplayedin TFTdisplay.
7. REFERENCES: -
[1] Bhawna J. Chilke Neha B. Koawale Divya M. Chandran, “Determination of Soil pH by using Digital Image ProcessingTechnique-AReview”,InternationalConference on Recent Trends in Engineering Science and Technology (ICRTEST 2017) ISSN: 2321- 8169 Volume: 5 Issue: 1(SpecialIssue21-22January2017).
[2] Sudha.R1, Aarti.S2, Anitha.S3, Nanthini.K, “Determination of Soil Ph and Nutrient Using Image Processing”,InternationalJournalofComputerTrendsand Technology(IJCTT)–SpecialIssueApril–2017.
[3] Makera M Aziz, Dena Rafaa Ahmed, Banar Fareed Ibrahim, “ Determine the Ph. of Soil by Using Neural Network Based on Soil’s Colour”, International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering6(11),November-2016,pp.51-54.
OUTPUT:
[4]JohnCarloPuno1,EdwinSybingco1,ElmerDadios1,Ira Valenzuela1, Joel cuello, “Determination of Soil Nutrients and pH level using Image Processing and Artificial Neural Network”, Conference Paper December 2017 DOI: 10.1109/HNICEM.2017.8269472.
[5]UmeshKamble1PravinShingne2RoshanKankrayane3 Shreyas Somkuwar4 Prof.Sandip Kamble, “Testing of Agriculture Soil by Digital Image Processing”, IJSRDInternational Journal for Scientific Research & Development|Vol.5,Issue01,2017|ISSN(online):23210613