International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 10 | Oct 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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IoT-Based Smart Chair System for Monitoring and Detecting Falls in Elderly Care Ritika Rohit Thummar1, Parthiv Pratik Patel2, Sujal Sanjeev Kumar Jain3 Pathan Mohammad Javed Z4 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Parul Institute of Engineering & Technology, Vadodara, Gujarat, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------This fear reduces their confidence and discourages them Abstract - India, along with most other countries, has
from moving freely, which in turn affects their independence. However, with the increasing prevalence of nuclear households, urban migration, and busy profes-sional commitments, providing continuous supervision has become a growing challenge. Hospitals and care institutions can extend some support, but they too face shortages of staff and resources. These circumstances make it essential to develop dependable and affordable solutions that can ensure continuous monitoring of elderly persons while at the same time maintaining their comfort and dignity. In this regard, the rapid progress of the Internet of Things (IoT) offers a promising pathway. Such an arrangement ensures that caregivers and medical staffs are immediately informed of unusual conditions, allowing them to take quick and effective action during emergencies. Previous research has shown applications of IoT in smart wheelchairs, health monitoring systems, and rehabilitation devices. Most of these works have concentrated on mobility support or specific medical functions. However, very few studies have addressed the combined need of fall detection and continuous health monitoring within a simple, non-intrusive system designed particularly for the elderly. The present study seeks to bridge this gap by introducing an IoT-based smart chair system. The chair is equipped with sensors capable of identifying unusual body movements that may indicate a fall, while also tracking vital signs such as heart rate and body temperature. The collected data is analysed and sent in real time through wireless communication, al-lowing caregivers and family members to receive immediate alerts whenever necessary. This work contributes to the wider domain of assistive technologies by offering a solution that is both economical and practical for elderly populations. By combining fall detection with continuous health monitoring in a single framework, the smart chair aims to strengthen safety, promote independent living, and improve the overall quality of life of senior citizens.
experienced a consistent rise in the elderly population over the last few years. Due to this growth, their health and safety concerns have increased dramatically. Among these, accidental falls are some of the most common and dangerous conditions faced by senior citizens. One single fall often reduces the overall standard of life by creating fractures, hospitalization, and a long recovery time. The current research proposes an IoT-based smart chair system that is aimed at monitoring the health status of elderly individuals and identifying falls efficiently. The chair uses sensors like accelerometers and gyroscopes to measure body movement and posture and also contains health-related sensors that monitor key vital signs such as heart rate and temperature. The data collected from these sensors is processed in a microcontroller and then transmitted wirelessly to a cloud platform. The proposed smart chair goes beyond the conventional smart wheelchairs that are largely designed to improve mobility. In this model, the focus is on providing round-the-clock health monitoring along with accurate fall detection, which makes it highly relevant for preventive healthcare in elderly care. The system has been designed to be user-friendly, economical, and practical for everyday use, ensuring quick detection of abnormal conditions and immediate communication to caregivers, the smart chair can reduce the chances of medical complications and create a safer and more independent living environment for senior citizens. Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT), Smart Chair, Elderly Care, Fall Detection, Health Monitoring, Assistive Technology, Preventive Healthcare.
1.INTRODUCTION In recent decades, improvements in healthcare and living conditions have resulted in longer life expectancy. As a result, the number of older adults has been consistently increasing, both worldwide and within India. With medical advancements and better living conditions, people live longer, but this also brings new challenges to healthcare systems and families. Among the many health concerns facing senior citizens, ac-cidental falls remain one of the most serious issues. A fall may result in injuries such as fractures, head trauma, or long hospitalization. Beyond physical injuries, such incidents also bring psychological effects, as seniors can develop a constant fear of falling again.
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2. LITERATURE REVIEW Over the last two decades, technology has increasingly found its way into healthcare. One promising area is the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) in assistive devices, particularly for elderly people and those with disabilities. Researchers have explored innovations such as smart
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