International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Improved Microgrid Based Wind Driven PMSG and Solar PV Array for Optimal Fuel Consumption of DG J Rajeshwari, G. Sushmitha, J. Keerthi, Shayeera Naaz B.E Student, EEE, STLW, Telangana, India B.E Student, EEE, STLW, Telangana, India B.E Student, EEE, STLW, Telangana, India Assistant professor, Dept. of EEE, STLW, Telangana, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract- Utilizing renewable energy sources helps
Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm is implemented to extract maximum power from the solar PV array efficiently.
decrease dependence on fossil fuels. When solar photovoltaic (PV) panels or wind turbines are generating electricity, their output is directly supplied to the power grid. In periods when these renewable sources are unavailable, diesel generators are used, but overall diesel consumption is reduced. However, the integration of nonlinear loads can lead to fluctuations in wind speed and sudden drops in source voltage at the grid level. To address these power quality issues, a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) can be employed. The UPQC operates based on the voltage maintained across a DC-link capacitor. For optimal performance, it is essential to keep this capacitor voltage stable. The aim of the proposed study is to feed the UPQC’s DC link capacitor using energy from solar PV or wind sources. This setup enables the UPQC to function effectively for power quality improvement by maintaining proper voltage levels. The system is modeled and simulated using the MATLAB Sim Power Systems toolbox. The main goals of this project include enhancing power quality by mitigating voltage sags, swells, interruptions, and load current harmonics, while also improving fuel efficiency. Additionally, the UPQC supports compensation of both active and reactive power, contributing to a more reliable and efficient energy system.
To address issues such as voltage sags and swells, harmonics in both source and load currents, voltage imbalances, and other power quality disturbances, the system incorporates a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) based on the Power Quality (PQ) theory. This approach ensures stable and high-quality power delivery within the microgrid.
1.1 Literature Review Electrical energy consumption is rising daily, and fossil fuels are the primary source of this energy. To lower fuel use, we are turning to renewable energy sources to provide electricity. The primary disadvantages of renewable energy sources are their seasonality and non-continuous electricity generation. Many renewable sources are connected in order to get over these drawbacks [7], however doing so results in voltage sag, swells, harmonics in source and load current, voltage imbalance, etc. The compensation principle, several control strategies, and overall performance of the UPQC are analysed using a diode rectifier that supplies an RL load (nonlinear load) that acts as a generator of harmonics [8]. Coordinated and integrated control of solar PV generators employing MPPT control and battery storage control to provide voltage and P-Q control, respectively, can support an islanded microgrid [8]. According to specific wind speed and insolation, there are numerous maximum power point tracking methods for both solar and wind [2,3,4,5,6]. A series and an APF are used in a UPQC design to compensate for harmonics in the nonlinear load current and the distorted supply voltage [1].
Key Words: UPQC, PV Solar array, PMSG, MPPT, BMS, DG,
Shunt inverter, Series Inverter 1.INTRODUCTION A microgrid that integrates a diesel generator (DG), a windpowered Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), and a solar photovoltaic (PV) array forms a hybrid energy system designed to optimize energy production and usage while minimizing diesel fuel consumption. This combination of conventional and renewable energy sources enhances reliability, reduces emissions, and promotes costeffective energy utilization.
2. METHODOLOGY 2.1 P-Q Theory The P-Q theory converts a stationary reference system with coordinates a-b-c into a system with coordinates α-β-0. This algebraic transformation is called the Clarke transformation [9]. A framework for analyzing and controlling three-phase power systems, particularly with regard to power quality, is the instantaneous reactive power theory, often known as P-Q theory. Because it describes instantaneous powers in the
The system also includes a battery management system (BMS), which is connected to the common DC bus via an inverter/converter interface. When excess power is available at the grid side, the battery charges; conversely, it discharges to supply energy when the grid experiences a shortfall. The
© 2025, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.315
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 317