International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 13 Issue: 01 | Jan 2026
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BANANA SAP GEL FOR WOUND HEALING Dr. K.L. Senthilkumar1, V.Mugilan2, K.Munirathnam3, R.Muthalagi4 1, Principal, Sri Vijay Vidyalaya College of Pharmacy, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu (India) 2, 3, 4, B. Pharm, Students, Sri Vijay Vidyalaya College of Pharmacy, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu (India)
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Abstract:The present study focused on the development and evaluation of a topical gel containing banana pseudo stem sap for wound-healing purposes. The sap was formulated using a Carbopol gel base and assessed for physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial efficacy. The results demonstrated good stability and notable antibacterial activity, validating its traditional application in wound care. Methods: Fresh sap was obtained from the Poovan variety of Musa paradisiaca, filtered, and stabilized before formulation. The stabilized sap was incorporated into a Carbopol 940 gel base using appropriate pharmaceutical excipients. The formulated gel was evaluated for physicochemical parameters including appearance, pH, viscosity, and homogeneity. Antimicrobial efficacy was determined by the agar well diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Microbial quality was assessed through microbial limit testing in accordance with the Indian Pharmacopoeia. Conclusion: The findings indicate that banana sap can be effectively formulated into a stable topical gel exhibiting notable antimicrobial activity. These results validate its traditional use in wound healing and suggest that the formulation holds promise as a safe, economical, and natural herbal wound-care product, meriting further pharmacological and clinical investigations. Keywords: Banana sap, topical gel, herbal formulation, wound healing, antimicrobial activity
INTRODUCTION Traditional medicinal practices have long been employed for the treatment of wounds and skin disorders, particularly in developing regions where herbal remedies continue to serve as a primary source of healthcare. Wound healing is a multifaceted physiological process involving stages such as inflammation, tissue proliferation, and remodelling. The presence of microbial infection can significantly impair this process, highlighting the importance of topical therapeutic agents that possess both antimicrobial and protective properties. In recent years, herbal formulations have gained increased interest due to their perceived safety, cost-effectiveness, and widespread cultural acceptance. Banana (Musa paradisiaca, Family: Musaceae) is a commonly cultivated plant in tropical and subtropical climates and holds a prominent place in traditional Indian medicine. Different parts of the plant—including the fruit, leaves, roots, and pseudo stem—are known to exhibit medicinal properties. The sap extracted from the banana pseudo stem has been traditionally used for wound treatment, particularly for controlling bleeding and enhancing tissue repair. Ethno medicinal evidence suggests that banana sap possesses antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and haemostatic activities. However, the direct use of fresh sap presents several challenges, such as rapid oxidation, limited shelf life, unpleasant odor, and a high risk of microbial contamination. To overcome these limitations, it is necessary to incorporate traditional herbal substances into modern pharmaceutical dosage forms that improve stability, safety, and patient compliance. Topical gel formulations are especially suitable for wound management due to their non-greasy nature, ease of application, extended residence time at the site of action, and compatibility with aqueous herbal extracts. Despite the traditional importance of banana sap, scientific documentation on its formulation into a stable topical gel and systematic evaluation is scarce. Hence, the present study aimed to develop a banana sap–based topical gel and to assess its physicochemical properties, antimicrobial efficacy, and microbial quality, thereby providing scientific support for its traditional wound-healing applications.
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