International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 03 | Mar 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Experimental Investigation on Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate with Steel Slag in Concrete Sumayya Sherin T1, Sangeeth K2, Ardra Sivakumar3, Aswin M4, Priyanka Dilip P5 1234 Graduate students,5Assistant Professor Department of Civil engineering, AWH Engineering College
Calicut, Kerala, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract: The proposed study aims to explore the feasibility
Keywords: Steel slag, Sustainable Construction Materials, Replacement, Waste materials, resource utilization.
replacing coarse aggregates with steel slag. An industrial byproduct that hold promise for reducing waste and enhancing the sustainability of concrete. Steel slag is a waste material from steel production, can be utilized to replace conventional coarse aggregates. Additionally, the use of steel slag as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate may improve the mechanical properties of concrete, such as its strength and durability, due to the enhanced bonding between the cement matrix and the rougher surface texture of the slag particles. However, the use of these alternative materials also introduces challenges related to mix design, workability, and the long-term durability of the concrete. It may also affect the weight, workability, and overall performance of the concrete mix. The density of steel slag, for example, is typically higher than that of natural aggregates, potentially influencing the weight of the concrete structure. This project aims to explore the potential of steel slag as sustainable alternatives in concrete production, offering a solution to the growing demand for natural resources and the need to reduce construction waste. By investigating the impact of these materials on the concrete mix, this study seeks to contribute valuable insights into the development of more sustainable and cost-effective concrete formulations that can help meet the challenges posed by the construction industry’s increasing reliance on natural aggregates.
1.INTRODUCTION
2.MATERIALS USED
Concrete is a widely used construction material composed primarily of cement, aggregates (fine and coarse), and water. The properties of concrete can be tailored by using additives and reinforcements, which enhance its strength, durability, and workability. As one of the most common materials used in construction worldwide, concrete is in high demand due to the rapid growth in global infrastructure development. However, this widespread use has led to an increasing strain on natural resources such as sand and coarse aggregates, which are essential raw materials for concrete production. The growing scarcity of these materials, coupled with rising construction costs, necessitates the exploration of alternative, sustainable solutions to reduce the environmental impact and cost of concrete production.
2.1 Cement
In recent years, the utilization of industrial byproducts and alternative materials in concrete mixes has gained considerable attention to alleviate the pressure on natural resources. This project investigates the feasibility of
2.3 Coarse Aggregate
of partially replacing coarse aggregate with steel slag in the production of concrete. The investigation is motivated by the need for sustainable construction materials that minimize environmental impact while maintaining or possibly enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. Steel slag is a byproduct of steel making process, formed when impurities from molten iron are removed known for its strength and durability, replaces conventional coarse aggregate at 20%,30%,40% by weight. These substitutions are hypothesized to not only reduce the consumption of virgin materials and environmental footprint associated with concrete production but also potentially enhance the properties of the resulting concrete. The project will focus on assessing the compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, workability and durability of the modified concrete. By conducting this experiment, it is anticipated that the findings will contribute to the development of more sustainable concrete practices, promoting the use of waste materials in construction and potentially leading to innovations in building materials that are both environmentally and economically beneficial.
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Cement Portland Pozzolana cement of 53 grade conforming to IS 1489 (PART 1) was used throughout the experiment. The specific gravity of cement is 2.912, The fineness modulus of cement is 3%, The initial and Final setting time of cement are 1hr 45 min and 5hr 25 min, The Standard consistency of cement is 32%.
2.2 River Sand Locally available River Sand passing through 4.75mm IS Sieve having Specific gravity of 2.6 and fineness modulus of 2.814 was used. The Sand was dried in sun light before it is used for standard design mix concrete.
20mm downsize natural crushed stone having specific gravity of 2.89 and water absorption of 0.39% was used.
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