International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 08 | Aug 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Evaluating Structural behavior, a strength characteristic of Kenaf fiber and HDPE plastic composite in concrete Agni J1, Dr. Ashwini L K2 1PG Student (MTech) in Structural Engineering, Dr Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Dr Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Abstract -The increasing demand for sustainable
applications. However, the structural behaviour and strength characteristics of such composites need thorough investigation to understand their effectiveness and limitations in practical applications. Integrating such composites into concrete structures can contribute to lighter, more durable, and environmentally friendly construction system This study aims to evaluate the structural behaviour and strength characteristics of Kenaf Fiber and HDPE plastic composites when integrated into concrete. Through comprehensive experimental analysis, we seek to explore the Load vs Deflection, and behaviour of Beam is analysed. By assessing these factors, this research will contribute to the ongoing exploration of sustainable materials and their potential integration into the construction industry, fostering greener and more resilient infrastructure solutions. Global awareness has increased in recent years for a need of more sustainable and eco-friendly construction practices. This has led to a surge in the development and exploration of alternative materials that can reduce the environmental impact of construction without compromising the structural integrity or performance of concrete.
construction materials has driven research into natural Fiberreinforced composites as an alternative to conventional reinforcements. This study focuses on evaluating the structural behaviour of composites made from kenaf Fiber and HDPE plastic. Kenaf Fiber are lightweight, sustainable, biodegradable, and low environmental impact whereas HighDensity Polyethylene (HDPE) is a commonly utilized plastic recognized for its low strength and resistance to both chemicals and physical impact. A range of composite specimens will be made utilizing different Kenaf Fiber content of 10kg/m3 and 20kg/m3 with a varying plastic aggregates 10%,15%and 20% to accomplish this objective. However, the experimental analysis is carried out by four- point bending on six beams of above-mentioned composites. This experiment results in promising enhancement of load carrying capacity. Key Words: Kenaf Fiber, HDPE plastic, Flexural Strength, Load carrying capacity
1.INTRODUCTION Due to its tremendous compressive strength, adaptability to different structural forms, and versatility, concrete is the most extensively used building material worldwide. However, one of its key limitations is its low tensile strength, which is typically overcome by embedding reinforcement materials. Steel reinforcement, while highly effective, comes with drawbacks such as susceptibility to corrosion, high production costs, and a significant environmental footprint in terms of carbon emissions during manufacturing. This has prompted the exploration of alternative reinforcement strategies that can maintain structural performance while addressing sustainability concerns. The demand for sustainable and eco-friendly construction materials has spurred significant research into the use of alternative Fibers and polymers in concrete. One such promising composite material is the combination of Kenaf Fiber and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic, both of which offer notable environmental benefits. Kenaf, a natural Fiber, has gained attention due to its abundance, biodegradability, and strength, while HDPE plastic is widely recognized for its recyclability. Incorporating Kenaf Fiber and HDPE plastic into concrete has the potential to enhance its structural properties. The interaction between these materials within the concrete matrix could lead to a composite with improved mechanical performance, making it a viable alternative for construction
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1.1 BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION Kenaf Fiber: Kenaf is a fast-growing, sustainable, and renewable plant that produces long, strong fibers. These fibers are considered a suitable reinforcing material in concrete due to their high tensile strength, light weight, and biodegradable properties. Additionally, kenaf fibers have the ability to enhance flexural strength of concrete while reducing cracking and brittleness. HDPE Plastic: High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is a polymer material that is commonly used in packaging and plastic products. While HDPE waste poses significant environmental challenges due to its non-biodegradable nature, it can be repurposed as a composite material in concrete. By incorporating HDPE plastic waste into concrete, there is an opportunity to reduce environmental pollution while improving the material’s properties, such as increased ductility, toughness, and resistance to water absorption. The combination of kenaf fibers and HDPE plastic in concrete composites is an innovative approach that could potentially improve the sustainability, strength, and overall performance of concrete structures.
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