International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 08 | Aug 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Effect of Heavy Vehicles on PCU and Speed-Flow Characteristics on Heterogeneous Traffic on Urban Arterial Road Amit A Amin1, Dr.L.B. Zala2, 1Ph.D Research Scholar, GTU Chandkheda, Ahmedabad 2 Retired Professors, Dept. of Civil Engineering, BVM Engineering college, Gujarat, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------lakh kilometre of roads as of 31 March 2025. The roadway Abstract -Urban roads play a crucial role in the
network of India takes up 85 percent of passenger traffic. In India, the roadway system has mainly two types of roads, the first category is rural roads, and the second category is urban roads. Now, these two categories contain different types of roads like expressways, national highways, state highways, district roads, and village roads. Now in the road transport system, the national highway takes a 2.13% share of total roads, similarly, the state highways have a 3% share, the district roads have a 10.17% share, the rural roads have 72.97% share, urban roads have 8.76% share and last the project roads have 5.71% share of roads.
infrastructure of metropolitan cities, especially in developing countries like India, where these cities significantly contribute to national development. A well-planned and efficiently functioning road network is essential for the sustainable growth of any urban area. Urban roads are typically classified into Arterial, Sub-Arterial, Collector, and Local (Street) roads. Among these, Arterial roads are of prime importance as they connect major state and national highways and often serve as city bypasses. Understanding the traffic flow characteristics of Arterial roads is, therefore, essential for urban transportation planning. This study focuses on the SP Ring Road in Ahmedabad, selected as the representative Arterial Road stretches. Two midblock segments of 60 meters each were identified for detailed analysis: one near the Vastral and the other near the Odhav. Traffic flow and speed data were collected through video recordings, while road inventory and supplementary data were obtained through field surveys. The video data was analysed using Avidemux software and processed using Microsoft Excel to extract vehicle composition, traffic volume, and speed information. Vehicles were categorized with DPCU into Two-Wheelers(0.28), ThreeWheelers(0.79), Cars, SUVs (Big Cars) (1.49), Light Commercial Vehicles (LCVs)(2.1), Heavy Commercial Vehicles (HCVs)(1.6), and Multi-Axle Vehicles (MAVs)(5.76).Speed-flowdensity relationships were developed to understand the traffic flow characteristics, R2 value ranges from 0.3277 to 0.9327, the estimated road capacity was found to be 4475 PCU/hour. Mathematical speed models were developed and validated for all vehicles.
1.1 Objectives of the Study This study has been concentrated on estimation of dynamic passenger car unit (DPCU) values for different categories of vehicles under heterogeneous traffic conditions on midblock stretches under arterial of Sardar Patel Ring Road (SPRR) of Ahmedabad city also to analyses the variation of DPCU with respect to traffic stream parameters. Two stretches of SPRR were selected based on variation of variation criterion such as wide variation in proportions of different categories of vehicles, should be free from the effects of road side frictions, access point of intersections parking facilities, bus stop curvature, gradient, and median opening. A straight road mid-block stretches of the selected urban roads has been selected for data collection purpose. The scope of this study is limited to analysing traffic composition, traffic volume, and vehicle speeds using the videography-based data collection method. Using videographic recordings, essential traffic parameters such as speed, flow, and density for various classes o,f vehicles are extracted. These parameters are utilized to develop the speed–flow–density relationships for the selected midblock stretches. Furthermore, the capacity of the roadway is estimated from the speed–flow curve, with analysis performed using Microsoft Excel.
Key Words: Speed-Flow, Avidemux, DPCU
1.INTRODUCTION The transport system plays a major role in developing countries because it links goods and passengers to the city. In the transport system, road transport plays a major role than any other mode of transportation. Most passengers (87%) and goods (60%) travel through road transportation. In a developing country like India where people have very much use of road transportation than any other transportation facility. Because of the major use of road transportation, in India, road transportation takes the share of 6.0 to12 %4% of GDP. India has a roadway network of 63
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1.3 Research Methodology In the present study Chandra methods has been adopted for evaluate DPCU value of different categories of vehicles. In mix traffic stream, speed of the vehicles is mostly affected
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