International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 13 Issue: 02 | Feb 2026
www.irjet.net
e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Design, Fabrication, and Performance Analysis of a Cost-Effective Remote-Controlled Firefighting Vehicle (RCFFV) Jayanta Madhab Sarmah1, Nayan Nirban Gogoi2, Meboo Panging3, Paran Sonowal4, Rismrita Gogoi5, Lakhimoni Phukan6, Sonjoy Borgohain7, Subrot Konwar8, Chinmoy Gogoi9, Denphra Gogoi10, Dipjyoti Gogoi11, Nikhil Bhuyan12, Mrityunjoy Gogoi13, Amarjeet Vishyakarma14, Bastov Jyoti Chetia15, Monikanta Hazarika16, Manash Jyoti Baishya17 1-16Diploma, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhemaji Polytechnic, Simen Chapri, Assam-787061
17Lecturer, Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, President of Institution's Innovation Council,
Dhemaji Polytechnic, Simen Chapori, Assam-787061 -----------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Fire incidents pose serious risks to human life and property, especially when they occur in hazardous, confined,
or inaccessible locations such as chemical factories and restricted industrial zones. Conventional firefighting techniques require direct human intervention, exposing emergency personnel to dangerous conditions, including high temperatures, toxic gases, and unstable structures. To reduce these hazards, a Remote-Control Firefighting Vehicle (RCFFV) that enables remote suppression (water) operations was designed, fabricated, and analytically modeled. The prototype is a small, autonomous ground vehicle equipped with a specialized water-jet system and a wireless remote-control interface. With a metallic chaintrack frame and a high-torque DC motor, the vehicle is designed to move on tough terrain. The vehicle's capacity to navigate obstacles, communicate over long distances, and put out small-scale fires efficiently was validated through experiments. This study confirms that Low-cost robotic technologies can greatly improve safety in disaster management scenarios. Keywords: Firefighting Robot, Remote Control Vehicle, Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV), Disaster Management, Chain Track Mechanism.
1. Introduction Firefighting remains one of the most dangerous professions, frequently requiring responders to navigate unfamiliar, hazardous terrain. In complex environments—such as tunnels, industrial facilities, and dense urban infrastructure—the unpredictable behavior of fire severely compromises personnel safety. Consequently, the integration of robotics and remote-control technology has emerged as a vital innovation, offering a safer and more effective alternative to direct human intervention. By acting as an automated assistant, a remote-controlled firefighting vehicle can traverse rough terrain to approach a fire's epicenter and deploy suppressants from a secure distance. This capability not only mitigates the immediate threat to human life but also facilitates rapid, precise emergency responses in otherwise inaccessible areas. The primary objective of this research is to construct a functional, remote-controlled vehicle that combines mechanical robustness with advanced electrical control systems to operate effectively in these high-risk environments. Specifically, this study proposes a design capable of 360-degree water delivery and robust movement across difficult terrains. The subsequent sections detail the vehicle's architecture, critical parameters, and operational range.
2. Literature Review Recent advancements in robotics have greatly improved autonomous firefighting technologies. Today, these robots are actively used to mitigate risks to human responders in dangerous environments [1-2]. Cakir et al. proposed a fan-based robot with unidirectional detection, which could risk spreading fires in open environments [3]. Taha et al. developed a robot for enclosed spaces that was limited by a complex deployment and a single flame sensor with a narrow detection range [4]. Sangewar et al. developed a fire-detecting robot equipped with a gas sensor, a camera, and an Arduino Mega 2560, but its reliance on manual operation limited its effectiveness [5]. Kucukdermenci et al. developed a remotecontrolled firefighting robot with a detection angle, but it lacked autonomous capabilities and real-world validation [6]. Based on this literature review, the primary research gap highlights the lack of a remotely controlled firefighting vehicle design capable of omnidirectional water delivery, navigation across difficult terrains, and practical real-world usability.
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