International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF SOLAR POWERED OVER HEAD CRANE FOR LOGISTICS VEHICLE Ankit Singh1 Assistant Professor, Tushar Trivedi2, Khushi Rajput3 U.G Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering Axis Institute of Technology and Management Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh (209402), India ------------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract—Material handling is a common challenge in many industries, leading to the use of cranes and Electric Overhead Traveling (EOT) systems. This project presents a solution by designing an overhead crane that is built into a truck trolley. This system helps move heavy loads from outside the truck to inside and also within the truck. The overhead crane extends beyond the truck’s chassis, making it easy to lift nearby loads and place them inside. It can move in all three directions and runs on a batterypowered motor. To improve efficiency, a solar panel is also installed as a backup power source. This system reduces manual labor, speeds up loading and unloading, and lowers costs. This type of crane is especially useful in construction, the oil and gas industry, and railway logistics, where moving heavy loads is a challenge. By adding an overhead crane to a truck, this system makes material handling safer, faster, and more efficient.
heavy loads with ease. This helps businesses improve productivity and reduce costs in the long run. These cranes are used in many industries, such as manufacturing plants for moving materials, warehouses for storing and transporting goods, and steel factories for handling heavy metal items. They are also important in construction for lifting materials and in shipbuilding for assembling and maintaining large ships. Overall, overhead cranes help make work easier, safer, and more efficient. Regular maintenance and proper training are necessary to ensure they work well and last a long time. 1.1 Evolution of Mobile Cranes Mobile cranes have changed a lot over time, becoming more powerful, efficient, and easy to use. They started as simple manual machines and have evolved into advanced, computer-controlled lifting systems.
Keywords: Gantry, Hoist, Boom, Carriage, Trolley, Bridge Cranes etc.
Early Mobile Cranes
I. INTRODUCTION
In ancient times, people used wooden cranes with ropes and pulleys to lift heavy objects. The Romans built mobile cranes on carts to move materials for roads and buildings. During the medieval period, treadwheel cranes (powered by people walking inside a wheel) helped in construction, but they were still difficult to move.
An overhead crane is a machine used to lift, move, and lower heavy objects in places like factories, warehouses, shipyards, and construction sites. It has two main tracks called runways, with a bridge that moves between them. This allows the crane to lift and transport loads in different directions. The key parts of an overhead crane include the bridge, which spans the work area, and the runway, which supports the bridge. The hoist is the part that lifts and lowers the load, while the trolley carries the hoist and moves along the bridge. End trucks help support the bridge, and the crane is controlled either manually, with a remote, or automatically. Safety features like limit switches, overload protection, and emergency stop buttons help prevent accidents.
Steam-Powered Cranes (18th–19th Century) The Industrial Revolution brought steam-powered cranes, making lifting easier and more efficient. These cranes were often mounted on railways for loading and unloading cargo. British engineer William Armstrong developed hydraulic and steam-powered cranes, improving lifting capacity. Diesel and Electric Cranes (20th Century)
There are different types of overhead cranes. Single girder cranes have one main beam and are used for lighter loads, while double girder cranes have two beams and can lift heavier loads. Gantry cranes have legs and move on tracks or wheels, while jib cranes have a rotating arm for lifting objects in a small area. Monorail cranes use a fixed track for moving items in a straight line. Overhead cranes are very useful because they reduce the need for manual lifting, making work faster and safer. They also save space by using overhead areas and can handle very
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In the early 1900s, diesel and electric engines replaced steam, leading to truck-mounted cranes. Hydraulic systems were introduced, allowing smoother and more controlled movements After World War II, rough-terrain and telescopic boom cranes were developed, making cranes more versatile.
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