International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 08 | Aug 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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BIOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF Brevibacillus borstelensis AND Paenibacillus dendritiformis FROM THE SOILS OF HAJIPUR, BIHAR Maya Jha1*, Kanhaiya Kumar2, Nimisha Vatsyayan3, Nupur Bose4, & A.K. Ghosh5 1*.Dr. Maya Jha, Department of Zoology, Patna University and Department of Environmental science, A.N.
College Patna, India. 2.Kanhaiya Kumar: Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam, India, e-mail: 3. Dr. Nimisha Vatsyayan: Department of Environmental science, A.N. College, Patna, India, 4.Dr. Nupur Bose: Department of Geography, A.N. College, Patna, India. India. 5.Dr. A.K. Ghosh: Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Centre, Patna, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - Arsenic (As) contamination in groundwater has emerged as a serious environmental concern in recent years.
However, efforts and initiatives to address this issue have been relatively limited. The present study explores a nature-based, sustainable approach for the remediation of dissolved arsenic in groundwater. Building on earlier research that identified and characterized two bacterial strains, this investigation examines their bioremediation potential. The strains, Brevibacillus borstelensis (coded as S1(c)) and Paenibacillus dendritiformis (S3(r)), were found to remove arsenite (As3+ ) from groundwater by up to 30.03±0.33% and 33.95±0.27%, respectively.
Key Words: Arsenic, bacteria, Hajipur, bioremediation, groundwater 1.INTRODUCTION Arsenic contamination in groundwater is a widespread environmental issue with significant implications for public health. Arsenic, a naturally occurring element and graded as class-I carcinogen by ICMR [1], in its inorganic forms is present as As3+ and As5+ in soil and water. As3+ being more toxic gets dissolved into groundwater [2]. The source of As in groundwaters is geogenic [3-4] as well as anthropogenic [5]. As reaches food chain through consuming contaminated food and water [6-7] posing chronic health risks to communities that are dependent on these water sources. A recent study in Samastipur district of Bihar state by Jha et al, (2023) [8] observed 100% cancer risk in human population. Apart from cancer it causes several other health problems like skin diseases, neurological and gastric disorders [9-11]. Mitigating arsenic contamination from groundwater and soil is a challenge that requires comprehensive strategies and efforts. Bioremediation is a natural process to tackle pollution problems like heavy metals [12] and other pollutants, in the environment, done with the help of bacteria, plants, and fungi. Bacteria munch on pollutants, plants soak them up through their roots (phytoremediation), and fungi assist in the cleanup process too (rhizoremediation). This eco-friendly method remove harmful substances from soil and water [13]. In Bihar state, a recent study by Kumar et al, (2021) [14] states that 22 out of 38 districts are arsenic contaminated. Hence, bioremediation by various microbial communities might contribute in restoring arsenic-contaminated groundwaters. Hajipur (located in Vaishali district of Bihar) is one of the arsenic contaminated areas and sustainable mitigation techniques to mitigate arsenic contamination is the present need.
2. STUDY AREA Hajipur (25.6924N, 85.2083E) is located in the Vaishali district of Bihar, India (Figure 1). It lies along the banks of the Ganges River, contributing to its vulnerability to arsenic contamination. Vaishali district is identified as an arsenic affected area with significant levels of arsenic in its groundwater, with arsenic concentrations exceeding the safe limits set by WHO and BIS (0.01ppm). The alluvial soil and sediment composition contribute to arsenic leaching into the groundwater.
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