International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 03 | Mar 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Automated Secondary Load Reduction in EVs for Uphill Torque Enhancement Dr.Shubhangi Gondane Assistant Professor& Guide, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, PVG COET, Maharashtra, India
Adesh Tirpude1, Nikhil Kale2, Rushika Dhiwar3, Vinit Lambhate4 1 2 3 4 Students, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, PVG COET, Maharashtra, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2. PROBLEM STATEMENT ABSTRACT -This research focuses on the design and manufacturing of a smart electric vehicle that automatically shifts power transmission between the internal system and wheels using a gyroscopic sensor and a microcontroller. As the era of electric vehicles begins, it is set to revolutionize the automobile industry by replacing fossil-fuel-powered vehicles. These eco-friendly vehicles significantly reduce harmful emissions. The objective of this project is to develop a smart car with an automatic power-shifting mechanism. The mechanical design will be created using SOLIDWORKS (CAD), and the system will incorporate a 12V regulated power supply, a wiper motor, a fan, and an ATmega-328P microcontroller. A comparative analysis will be conducted to evaluate experimental and analytical results, leading to meaningful conclusions.
In existing EV’s there is a need for automatic power transmission from secondary electrical components to electric motor in high altitude region.The problem occurs during climbing is affects the performance of the vehicle as well as the battery efficiency of the vehicle. In recent years the EV is developed and the running kilometers provide by the company is not achievable in practical basis because lots of issues and all electronic component need electricity to work, and this electricity is taken from the battery of the vehicle. But when vehicle is climbing hills, required more torque, so need to use more power for the motor. So to avoid this problem we develop the system which automatically switches off all electronic components which is not required to drive the vehicle.
1.2 ACTUAL PROBLEM IN VEHICLE
Keywords: Automatic power, embedded, Energy distribution, Gyroscope, High altitude
The air conditioner in a car draws power from the engine, mainly to run the air compressor. An AC system employs a refrigerant flowing through a compressor, condenser, expander and an evaporator. Air blows over the evaporator, where it is cooled and flown into the passenger cabin. So the AC system does use some of the fuel burnt in the engine. But that usage amount is very small in most modern cars. However in older cars, especially the ones with low engine power, continuously using the air-conditioner could reduce the mileage almost up to 20%.This mileage drop is even more prevalent when such cars go uphill with the AC turned ON. This is simply because, more load is put on the engine to move the vehicle against gravity.
1. INTRODUCTION An electric vehicle (EV) uses one or more electric motors for propulsion, powered by batteries, solar panels, or external electricity sources. EVs include cars, buses, trains, ships, and even spacecraft. While early electric cars gained popularity in the 1880s, they declined due to the rise of internal combustion engines. However, since 2008, EV adoption has surged due to battery advancements, environmental concerns, and government incentives. Compared to gasoline vehicles, EVs are quieter, produce no tailpipe emissions, and offer lower overall emissions depending on the electricity source. A gyroscope is a device that measures or maintains orientation and angular velocity. Used in navigation systems, aerospace, and consumer electronics, gyroscopes help with stability and direction in vehicles, submarines, and spacecraft. A microcontroller (MCU) is a compact computer on a chip, integrating a processor, memory, and input/output functions. MCUs are widely used in embedded systems such as automotive controls, medical devices, appliances, and industrial automation.
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3. OBJECTIVES The objective of this project is to develop an Automated Secondary Load Reduction System for electric vehicles (EVs) to enhance torque availability during uphill driving. This system will: 1. Optimize Energy Usage – Identify and reduce nonessential electrical loads (e.g., air conditioning, infotainment, heating) when extra torque is required.
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