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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 12 Issue: 05 | May 2025

p-ISSN: 2395-0072

www.irjet.net

Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development: Balancing Innovation and Environmental Responsibility Srijita Bhattacharyya1, Abhijit Majumder2, Ipsita Pal2, Pratik Halder1, Satrajit Das1, Hiranmoy Samanta2 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Gargi Memorial Institute of Technology, Kolkata-700144,

India 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gargi Memorial Institute of Technology, Kolkata-700144, India

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Abstract - A lot of people are excited about artificial

negative impacts as well as evidence of AI's efficacy.For example, training a state-of-the-art model, particularly one for natural language processing (NLP), demands a large amount of computational power, imposing a large amount of energy along with related costs to the environment and the economy. In addition, new moral and societal issues for the economy and society were brought forth by the development of AI. These issues include worries about the spread of fake news, stagnant actual pay for workers, and societal injustice brought on by AI systems that discriminate. Because of this, scientists are becoming more and more interested in studying how they affect sustainability. Understanding AI's impacts and revolutionary potential, particularly with regard to sustainability, necessitates a critical analysis of the subject [1].

intelligence's (AI) potential to promote sustainability because it has transformed several industries, including healthcare, transportation, agriculture, energy, and media. Analysing the two sustainability of AI in and of itself as well as its applications for advancing sustainability, this article scrutinises the rapidly changing field of AI sustainability. An impartial viewpoint on the economic, social, and environmental aspects is offered by the study's methodical classification of the body of current literature. Significantly, since 2019, the area has matured, as seen by an increase in publications and empirical studies, with a growing focus on holistic approaches that are in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations. Problems still exist even with AI's bright future in addressing difficult problems like climate change and environmental degradation. These include the unpredictability of human behavioural responses, the over-reliance on historical data in machine learning models, the increased dangers associated with cybersecurity, and the negative effects of AI applications. Subsequent investigations must to incorporate multilevel perspectives, systems dynamics methodologies, design thinking, psychological and sociological factors, and evaluations of economic values. In the end, our work emphasises the necessity for creative AI solutions that lower the energy and natural resource intensity of human activity while also enabling efficient environmental regulation and preventing long-term risks to sustainability.

This paper presents case studies from multiple sectors where AI has been applied in order to give a thorough analysis of AI's role in sustainability. These instances will show both the achievements and difficulties faced in demonstrating the valuable uses of AI in advancing sustainability. They will act as practical illustrations to help comprehend the intricate connection between AI advancement and its effects on society, the environment, and the economy. This study aims to investigate AI's double contribution to sustainability: evaluating AI's sustainability as a concept and its potential uses for promoting sustainability. The study systematically divides the corpus of existing literature by providing an unbiased opinion on financial, social, and environmental issues. It seeks to address ethical and societal issues while analysing AI's transformational potential. It will also stress the significance of striking a balance between environmental responsibility and innovation and offer suggestions for future research avenues [2][20].

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, AI Sustainability, Resource Management, Multilevel Analysis, Machine Learning Challenges.

1. INTRODUCTION Significant progress has been achieved in artificial intelligence (AI) over the past few decades. AI has the power to drastically alter a number of sectors and industries and bring about unanticipated change. AI systems have resulted in significant improvements being applied in a number of sectors, including the media, healthcare, transportation, agriculture, and energy. Though enthusiasm about AI is broad, there is a noteworthy caution that stems from concerns about potential

Impact Factor value: 8.315

LITERATURE REVIEW AND OBJECTIVE

The exponential growth of artificial intelligence (AI) in the last few decades has been well-documented, demonstrating AI's disruptive potential in a number of industries, including media, healthcare, transportation, agriculture, and energy. Several studies demonstrate h o w AI m a y s p u r i n n o v a t i o n efficiency, resulting in notable advancements

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