International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 13 Issue: 01 | Jan 2026
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Survey on AI and AR-Based Smart Helmets for Rider Safety Bhoomika Wandhekar1, Shivam Das Bairagya2, Vaishnavi Waikar3, Prof. Pravin S. Patil4 1,2,3BE IT Student, 4th Year, KJEI’s TCOER, Pune, India 4Assistant Professor, Dept. of Information Technology, KJEI’s TCOER, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract - Motorcyclists are highly vulnerable to accidents
The proposed AI-Driven Protection and Augmented Awareness framework bridges the gap between passive protection and active safety by integrating AR-based headsup display, GPS navigation, blind-spot detection, voice commands, and AI-powered crash prediction. In the event of an accident, the system can automatically send an SOS alert with GPS coordinates to emergency contacts, ensuring a prompt response. By combining proactive hazard alerts with automated emergency actions, the Smart Helmet functions as an intelligent riding assistant that enhances safety, reduces distraction, and encourages responsible riding. This research contributes to the advancement of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) by presenting a scalable, technology-integrated solution to improve motorcyclist safety.
due to limited situational awareness, unpredictable road conditions, and lack of advanced safety systems. Traditional helmets provide only physical protection, offering no real-time assistance. This paper proposes an Augmented Reality (AR) Smart Helmet that integrates GPS navigation, weather updates, blind spot alerts, and a rear-view camera directly into the rider’s visor. Voice command control enables distractionfree operation, while AI driven crash detection and emergency alert features ensure timely response in critical scenarios. Designed using a user-centered approach, the system enhances rider awareness, reduces risks, and promotes responsible riding practices. The system has been developed using Raspberry Pi Zero, sensor fusion, and AR visualization, and tested in simulated riding environments to evaluate its effectiveness.
2. NEED OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
Key Words: Smart Helmet, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Augmented Reality (AR), Internet of Things (IoT), Accident Detection, GPS Navigation, Rider Safety, Emergency Alert System.
Motorcyclists remain highly vulnerable due to limited protection and situational awareness. Conventional helmets offer only passive safety and fail to address real-time challenges like poor visibility and sudden lane changes. Smartphone use for navigation further increases distraction and accident risk. Therefore, integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and Augmented Reality (AR) can create an intelligent helmet that actively enhances rider safety.
1. INTRODUCTION Road traffic accidents remain one of the most serious global public health concerns, with motorcyclists among the most vulnerable road users. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 1.3 million people die in traffic crashes annually, and a significant portion of these fatalities involve two-wheeler riders. Limited physical protection, unpredictable traffic, poor visibility, and adverse weather conditions make motorcyclists highly susceptible to severe injuries. Traditional helmets provide essential impact protection but act as passive safety tools. They do not address modern challenges such as real-time hazard awareness, navigation assistance, or emergency response. Riders often depend on smartphones for navigation or communication, which distracts them and increases accident risk. Moreover, existing systems are often fragmented, offering separate solutions for navigation, communication, and crash detection, which limits their overall effectiveness. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and Augmented Reality (AR) have enabled the development of intelligent safety helmets. These technologies allow helmets to actively monitor surroundings, predict potential hazards, and assist riders in decision-making while maintaining hands-free operation.
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Impact Factor value: 8.315
The proposed Al-driven AR Smart Helmet aims to:
Enhance situational awareness by displaying realtime data such as navigation routes, weather updates, and obstacle proximity on an AR visor. Detect potential hazards and accidents proactively using Al and sensor fusion. Enable hands-free operation through voice commands to minimize distractions. Ensure rapid emergency response through automated SOS alerts with GPS coordinates.
3. RELATED WORK Research on smart helmets has grown rapidly in recent years: Navigation-focused helmets overlay GPS routes but often lack safety modules. IoT-based helmets detect crashes and send alerts but are reactive rather than preventive.
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