International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 12 | Dec 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Detection of Kidney Tumor Using UWB Patch Antenna Adithya R1, Amrutha N2, Nagashree M B3, Dr. N Sheshaprasad4 1,2,3Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, BNMIT, Bengaluru, India. 4IEEE Senior Member, Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, BNMIT, Bengaluru,
India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------antenna resonance, reduces radiation efficiency, and alters Abstract - It is proposed to design and utilize a strip line inset
near-field coupling. Mechanical deformation from bending, stretching, and twisting causes detuning, bandwidth shifts, and radiation pattern distortion, while sweat, temperature, and laundering introduce further variability in textile and polymer properties over time. Robust designs therefore require cooptimization of materials, geometry, and electromagnetic boundaries, including ground planes, artificial magnetic conductors, electromagnetic bandgap backings, and impedance-matching or coupling layers that stabilize on-skin performance. Ensuring biosafety adds additional constraints: SAR compliance, thermal comfort, and mechanical breathability, all without compromising gain, bandwidth, or battery life.
fed Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) patch antenna having a bandwidth of 7GHz resonating from 23GHz to 30GHz in order to identify the existence of tumor inside a human kidney. A two layered healthy kidney model has been designed and a 3mm radius tumor is positioned inside the kidney model. A comparative analysis of radiation properties of patch antenna for a normal healthy and a tumor induced kidney model has been done. The comparative analysis of performance metrics of the proposed patch antenna viz. bandwidth, directivity, gain, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio and electric field intensity for the kidney models has been done. According to the results, a kidney model with a tumor has a greater SAR than a kidney model with a healthy kidney. Based on the obtained results, the proposed patch antenna could potentially be utilized for detection of tumor in human kidney.
Against this backdrop, kidney tumor detection presents a focused biomedical sensing opportunity for wearable antennas. Kidney tumors possess dielectric properties different from those of the surrounding renal tissue and fluids, thereby producing measurable perturbations in reflected or transmitted microwave fields. Operating within carefully chosen frequency ranges, balancing depth of penetration with spatial resolution, a conformal wearable microstrip antenna-or indeed a small on-body array-can interrogate the abdomen and sense contrast-driven signatures associated with tumors. This represents a pathway toward low-cost, non-invasive adjuncts to conventional imaging, enabling preliminary screening, athome follow-up after treatment, or triage in resource-limited settings. Realizing this vision places several tightly coupled demands. First, substrate and encapsulation choices must be flexible, biocompatible, and low-loss, with stable dielectric properties under bending and moisture exposure. Second, the radiator and ground configuration should mitigate body loading and back radiation while preserving forward coupling into deep tissue; metamaterial inspired surfaces can miniaturize the footprint and control near field.
Key Words: Inset fed antenna, UWB, detection of tumor in the kidney
1.INTRODUCTION In today's world, cancer disease is considered to be among the most complex diseases suffered by human beings, with an estimate of approximately 13.2 million people likely to be affected and die worldwide by the year 2030. Microwave imaging has evolved as a novel alternative tool for detecting tumors to traditional detection methods such as X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT scan), and ultrasound. The microwave imaging approach is based on the principle of a large variation in the dielectric characteristics of normal and cancer tissue. Microwave tumor detection is thought to be rapid, cost efficient, ethical, painless, and offers precise results. However, a trade-off always exists between the image resolution and energy penetration, since an improved image resolution and a reduced energy penetration is observed at high operating frequencies. An antenna designed in the Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) frequency range, allows for an increase in penetration depth and simultaneously minimizes the transmitted signals attenuation levels. A high-directional antenna is necessary to locate the tumor at a precise spot. While low frequencies are necessary to detect deeper level tumors, high frequencies are needed to detect tumors at the skin's surface.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY The antenna is designed with an elliptical slot inserted in a rectangular patch by utilizing the coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding technique on a polyimide substrate. The proposed antenna operates within 7–14 GHz (S11 < − 10 dB) with a minimum return loss is observed as low as – 58 dB by simulation.[1]
Designing body-worn antennas is intrinsically multidisciplinary because the human body is an electromagnetically lossy, dispersive medium that perturbs
© 2025, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.315
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 645