International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 12 Issue: 03 | Mar 2025
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Comprehensive Literature Review on Location-Based Safety Technologies: Foundation for Web Application - Chitthi Mr. Shubham Paliwal, Mr. Jai Bhaskar Student of B.Tech Computer Science and Engineering, Bikaner Technical University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Bikaner Technical University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - This paper presents an independent literature review on Location-Based Safety Technologies that served as the foundational study for the development of the Web Application - Chitthi. Chitthi is a progressive web application designed to enhance personal safety through live location sharing, geofencing, and SOS alert systems. The review explores existing research on Location-Based Services (LBS), geofencing applications, emergency alert systems, and modern web technologies. This study aims to identify existing technological gaps and propose a unified approach to address safety concerns for vulnerable groups such as women, children, and the elderly. The insights from this literature review were instrumental in shaping the architectural design and feature set of the Chitthi web application. Key Words: Location-Based Services, Geofencing, SOS Alert Systems, Firebase, Web Technologies, Personal Safety Applications, Progressive Web Apps (PWA), Real-Time Communication, Privacy and Security
1. INTRODUCTION The rapid advancement of digital technologies has led to the emergence of applications that address pressing societal challenges. Among these challenges, personal safety and security remain critical concerns, especially for vulnerable demographics such as women, children, and the elderly. The growing urban population and rising crime rates have necessitated the development of technological solutions that can provide real-time safety assistance. Traditional safety measures such as personal alarms or standalone applications have proven to be insufficient in many emergency situations. Hence, there is an increasing demand for integrated safety solutions that offer real-time location tracking, instant communication, and automated alert systems. The concept of location-based services (LBS) has revolutionized the way personal safety applications operate. By leveraging geographical data and cloud-based platforms, modern applications can provide instant location updates and trigger emergency alerts without user intervention. However, privacy concerns, battery consumption, and inconsistent performance remain significant challenges. This literature review explores the existing research in the domain of real-time location sharing applications, geofencing technologies, SOS alert systems, secure communication protocols, privacy and security considerations, and web technologies for safety applications. It evaluates their role in enhancing personal safety and highlights gaps in the current solutions, setting the stage for the development of the Chitthi web application.
2. LOCATION BASED SERVICES (LBS) Location-Based Services (LBS) leverage geographical data to deliver context-aware applications. These services are widely adopted in fields like navigation, social media, and emergency management. According to Schiller and Voisard (2004), LBS have transformed from simple navigation systems to sophisticated platforms offering real-time updates and location-sharing capabilities. However, the privacy concerns associated with LBS remain a significant challenge. Research by Guha et al. (2017) indicates that user trust in LBS systems is directly proportional to the transparency of data usage policies and the effectiveness of privacy safeguards. Advanced LBS applications incorporate secure location-sharing mechanisms that allow users to selectively share their location with trusted contacts. Google's Trusted Contacts App (discontinued in 2020) was one such initiative that enabled users to share their location during emergencies. However, the lack of seamless real-time communication features limited its utility. Modern applications like Life360 and Glympse provide continuous tracking but often compromise user privacy due to inadequate encryption mechanisms.
3. GEOFENCING AND SAFETY APPLICATIONS Geofencing is a location-based service that triggers actions when a device enters or exits predefined geographic boundaries. Zhuang et al. (2018) demonstrated the effectiveness of geofencing in safety applications, particularly for child tracking systems
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