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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, Vol. 19, 2018
University of New Mexico
NC-VIKOR Based MAGDM Strategy under Neutrosophic Cubic Set Environment 1
2
3
4
Surapati Pramanik , Shyamal Dalapati , Shariful Alam , Tapan Kumar Roy , 1
Department of Mathematics, Nandalal Ghosh B.T. College, Panpur, P.O.-Narayanpur, District –North 24 Parganas, Pin code-743126, West Bengal, India. E-mail: sura_pati@yahoo.co.in 2 Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, P.O.-Botanic Garden, Howrah-711103, West Bengal, India. E-mail: dalapatishyamal30@gmail.com 3 Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, P.O.-Botanic Garden, Howrah-711103, West Bengal, India. E-mail: salam50in@yahoo.co.in 4 Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, P.O.-Botanic Garden, Howrah-711103, West Bengal,
Abstract. Neutrosophic cubic set consists of interval neutrosophic set and single valued neutrosophic set simultaneously. Due to its unique structure, neutrosophic cubic set can express hybrid information consisting of single valued neutrosophic information and interval neutrosophic information simultaneously. VIKOR (VIsekriterijumska optimizacija i KOmpromisno Resenje) strategy is an important decision making strategy which selects the optimal alternative by utilizing maximum group utility and minimum of an individual regret. In this paper, we propose VIKOR strategy in neutrosophic cubic set environment, namely NC-VIKOR. We first define NC-VIKOR strategy in neutrosophic
cubic set environment to handle multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems, which means we combine the VIKOR with neutrosophic cubic number to deal with multi-attribute group decision making problems. We have proposed a new strategy for solving MAGDM problems. Finally, we solve MAGDM problem using our newly proposed NC-VIKOR strategy to show the feasibility, applicability and effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Further, we present sensitivity analysis to show the impact of different values of the decision making mechanism coefficient on ranking order of the alternatives.
Keywords: MAGDM, NCS, NC-VIKOR strategy.
1. Introduction Smarandache [1] introduced neutrosophic set (NS) by defining the truth membership function, indeterminacy function and falsity membership function as independent components by extending fuzzy set [2] and intuitionistic fuzzy set [3]. Each of three independent component of NS belons to [-0, 1+]. Wang et al. [4] introduced single valued neutrosophic set (SVNS) where each of truth, indeterminacy and falsity membership degree belongs to [0, 1]. Many researchers developed and applied the NS and SVNS in various areas of research such as conflict resolution [5], clustering analysis [6-9], decision making [10-39], educational problem [40, 41], image processing [42-45], medical diagnosis [46, 47], social problem [48, 49]. Wang et al. [50] proposed interval neutrosophic set (INS). Ye [51] defined similarity measure of two interval neutrosophic sets and applied it to solve multi criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. By combining SVNS and INS Jun et al. [52], and Ali et al. [53] proposed neutrosophic cubic set (NCS). Thereafter, Zhan et al. [54] presented
two weighted average operators on NCSs and applied the operators for MADM problem. Banerjee et al. [55] introduced the grey relational analysis based MADM strategy in NCS environment. Lu and Ye [56] proposed three cosine measures between NCSs and presented MADM strategy in NCS environment. Pramanik et al. [57] defined similarity measure for NCSs and proved its basic properties and presented a new multi criteria group decision making strategy with linguistic variables in NCS environment. Pramanik et al. [58] proposed the score and accuracy functions for NCSs and prove their basic properties. In the same study, Pramanik et al. [59] developed a strategy for ranking of neutrosophic cubic numbers (NCNs) based on the score and accuracy functions. In the same study, Pramanik et al. [58] first developed a TODIM (Tomada de decisao interativa e multicritĂŠvio), called the NC-TODIM and presented new NC-TODIM [58] strategy for solving (MAGDM) in NCS environment. Shi and Ye [59] introduced Dombi aggregation operators of NCSs and applied them for MADM problem. Pramanik et al. [60] proposed an ex-
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i. ii.
tended technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) strategy in NCS environment for solving MADM problem. Ye [61] present operations and aggregation method of neutrosophic cubic numbers for MADM. Pramanik et al. [62] presented some operations and properties of neutrosophic cubic soft set. Opricovic [63] proposed the VIKOR strategy for a MAGDM problem with conflicting attributes [64-65]. In 2015, Bausys and Zavadskas [66] extended the VIKOR strategy to INS environment and applied it to solve MCDM problem. Further, Hung et al. [67] proposed VIKOR method for interval neutrosophic MAGDM. Pouresmaeil et al. [68] proposed an MAGDM strategy based on TOPSIS and VIKOR in SVNS environment. Liu and Zhang [69] extended VIKOR method in neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set environment. Hu et al. [70] proposed interval neutrosophic projection based VIKOR method and applied it for doctor selection. Selvakumari et al. [70] proposed VIKOR Method for decision making problem using octagonal neutrosophic soft matrix. VIKOR strategy in NCS environment is yet to appear in the literature. Research gap: MAGDM strategy based on NC-VIKOR. This study answers the following research questions: Is it possible to extend VIKOR strategy in NCS environment? Is it possible to develop a new MAGDM strategy based on the proposed NC-VIKOR method in NCS environment? Motivation: The above-mentioned analysis [64-69] describes the motivation behind proposing a novel NC-VIKOR method based MAGDM strategy under the NCS environment. This study develops a novel NC-VIKOR based MAGDM strategy that can deal with multiple decision-makers. The objectives of the paper are: i. To extend VIKOR strategy in NCS environment. ii. To define aggregation operator. iii. To develop a new MAGDM strategy based on proposed NC-VIKOR in NCS environment. To fill the research gap, we propose NC-VIKOR strategy, which is capable of dealing with MAGDM problem in NCS environment. The main contributions of this paper are summarized below: i. We developed a new NC-VIKOR strategy to deal with MAGDM problems in NCS environment. ii. We introduce a neutrosophic cubic number aggregation operator and prove its basic properties.
iii. In this paper, we develop a new MAGDM strategy based on proposed NC-VIKOR method under NCS environment to solve MAGDM problems. iv. In this paper, we solve a MAGDM problem based on proposed NC-VIKOR method. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: In the section 2, we review some basic concepts and operations related to NS, SVNS, NCS. In Section 3, we develop a novel MAGDM strategy based on NCVIKOR to solve the MADGM problems with NCS environment. In Section 4, we solve an illustrative numerical example using the proposed NC-VIKOR in NCS environment. Then in Section 5, we present the sensitivity analysis. The conclusions of the whole paper and further direction of research are given in Section 6. 2. Preliminaries Definition 1. Neutrosophic set Let X be a space of points (objects) with a generic element in X denoted by x, i.e. x X. A neutrosophic set [1] A in X is characterized by truth-membership function , indeterminacy-membership t A (x) function iA ( x ) and falsity-membership function f A (x) , where t A ( x ) , iA ( x ) , f A ( x ) are the functions from X
to ] 0, 1 [ i.e. t A , iA , f A : X ] 0, 1 [ that means t A (x) , iA ( x ) , f A ( x ) are the real standard or nonstandard subset of ] 0, 1 [. Neutrosophic set can be expressed as A = {<x , ( t A (x) , iA (x) , f A ( x ) )>:
x X} and 0 tA (x) iA (x) f A (x) 3 . Example 1. Suppose that X = { x1 , x 2 , x 3 , ...,x n } be the universal set of n points. Let A1 be any neutrosophic set in X. Then A 1 expressed as A1 = {< x1 , (0.7, 0.4, 0.3)>: x 1 X}. Definition 2. Single valued neutrosophic set Let X be a space of points (objects) with a generic element in X denoted by x. A single valued neutrosophic set [4] B in X is expressed as: B = {< x: ( t B ( x ) , i B ( x) , f B ( x ) )>: x X}, where
t B ( x ) , i B (x) , f B ( x ) [0, 1]. For each x X, t B ( x ) , i B ( x) , f B ( x ) [0, 1] and 0 t B (x) + i B (x ) + f B (x) 3.
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Definition 3. Interval neutrosophic set
~ ~ A1 (h) A 2 (h) = {< h, [max{ t A~1 (h), t A~2 (h)},max
~ An interval neutrosophic set [50] A of a non empty set H is expreesed by truth-membership function t A~ (h ) the indeterminacy membership function i A~ ( h ) and falsity membership function f A~ (h ) . For each h H, ~ t A~ (h ) , i A~ (h ) , f A~ (h ) [0, 1] and A defined as follows: ~ A = {< h, [ t A~ (h ) , t A~ (h ) ], [ i A~ ( h ) , i A~ ( h ) ],
[ f A~ (h ) , f A~ (h ) ]: h
H}.
Here, t A~ (h ) , t A~ (h ) ,
iA~ (h ) , i A~ (h ) , f A~ (h) , f A~ (h ) : H ] 0, 1 [ and
0 sup t A~ (h ) sup iA~ (h ) sup f A~ (h ) 3 .
Here, we consider t A~ (h ) , t A~ (h ) , i A~ (h ) , i A~ ( h ) ,
f A~ (h ) , f A~ (h ) : H [0, 1] for real applications.
Example 2. Assume that H = { h1, h2 , h3 ,... , hn} be a non-empty set. ~ be any interval neutrosophic set. Then Let A 1 ~ expressed as ~ = {< : [0.30, 0.70], [0.20, 0.45], h1 A1 A1
H}.
[0.18, 0.39]: h
{ t A~1 (h), t A~ 2 (h)}], [min { iA~1 (h), iA~2 (h)}, min { i A~1 (h), i A~ 2 (h)}], [min { f A~1 (h), f A~2 (h)}, min { f A~1 (h), f A~ 2 (h)}]>: h H} and A1 (h) A 2 (h) = {< h, max
{ t A1 (h), t A2 (h)}, min { iA1 (h), iA 2 (h)}, min { f A1 (h), f A 2 (h)}>: h H}.
Example 4. Assume that N1 = < [0.39, 0.47], [0.17, 0.43], [0.18, 0.36], (0.6, 0.3, 0.4)> and N 2 = < [0.56, 0.70], [0.27, 0.42], [0.15, 0.26], (0.7, 0.3, 0.6)> be two NC-numbers. Then N1 N2 = < [0.56, 0.7], [0.17, 0.42], [0.15, 0.26], (0.7, 0.3, 0.4)>. ii. Intersection of any two NC-numbers Intersection of N1 and N2 denoted by N1 N2 is defined as follows:
~ ~ N1 N2 = < A1 (h) A2 (h), A1 (h) A2 (h) h H ~ ~ >, where A1 (h) A 2 (h) = {< h, [min { t A~1 (h), t A~2 (h)},
min { t A~1 (h), t A~ 2 (h)}], [max { iA~1 (h), iA~2 (h)}, max { i A~1 (h), i A~ 2 (h)}], [max { f A~1 (h), f A~ 2 (h)}, max { f A~1 (h), f A~ 2 (h)}]>: h H} and A1 (h) A 2 (h) = {< h, min
Definition 4. Neutrosophic cubic set A neutrosophic cubic set [52, 53] in a non-empty set H ~ is defined as N = {< h, A(h ) , A(h) >: h H}, where
~ A and A are the interval neutrosophic set and neutrosophic set in H respectively. Neutrosophic cubic
~
set can be presented as an order pair N = < A , A >, then we call it as neutrosophic cubic (NC) number. Example 3. Suppose that H = { h1, h2 , h3 ,... , hn} be a non-empty set. Let N1 be any NC-number. Then N1 can be expressed as N1 = {< h1 ; [0.35, 0.47], [0.20, 0.43], [0.18, 0.42], (0.7, 0.3, 0.5)>: h1 H}.
Some operations of NC-numbers: [52, 53]
{ t A1 (h), t A2 (h)}, max { iA1 (h), iA 2 (h)}, max { f A1 (h),
f A 2 (h)}>: h H}. Example 5. Assume that N1 = < [0.45, 0.57], [0.27, 0.33], [0.18, 0.46], (0.7, 0.3, 0.5)> and N 2 = < [0.67, 0.75], [0.22, 0.44], [0.17, 0.21], (0.8, 0.4, 0.4)> be two NC numbers. Then N1 N2 = < [0.45, 0.57], [0.22, 0.33], [0.18, 0.46], (0.7, 0.3, 0.4)>.
iii.
Compliment of a NC-number
~
Let N1 A1 , A1 be a NCS in H. Then compliment ~ ~ of N1 A1 , A1 is denoted by N1c = {< h, A1c (h),
A1c (h)>: h H}. ~ c Here, A1 = {< h, [ t A~ c (h), t A~ c (h)], [ iA~ c (h), iA~ c (h)], 1
i.
Union of any two NC-numbers
~ ~ Let N1 A1 , A1 and N2 A 2 , A 2 be any two NC-numbers in a non-empty set H. Then the union of N1 and N 2 denoted by N1 N2 is defined as follows:
[f
~ A1c
(h), f
~ A1c
1
H}, where, t
(h)]>: h
1
~ A1c
1
(h) = {1} -
t A~1 (h), t A~1c (h) = {1} - t A~1 (h), iA~ c (h) = {1} - iA~1 (h), 1 iA~ c (h) = {1} - i A~1 (h), f A~ c (h) = {1} - f A~1 (h), f A~ c (h)
1
1
~ ~ N1 N2 = < A1 (h) A 2 (h), A1 (h) A 2 (h) h H >,
where
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= {1} - f A~1 (h), and t A1c (h) = {1} - t A1 (h), iA´1c (g) = {1} - iA1 (h), f A1c (h) = = {1} - f A1 (h). Example 6. Assume that N1 be any NC-number in H in the form: N1 = < [.45, .57], [.27, .33], [.18, .46], (.7, .3, .5)>. Then compliment of N1 is obtained as N1c = < [0.18, 0.46], [0.67, 0.73], [0.45, 0.57], (0.5,0.7, 0.7) >. iv. Containment
~ Let N1 A1 , A1 = {< h, [ t A~ 1 ( h ) , t A~ (h ) ], [ iA~1 (h ) , 1
~ A1
(h ) , f A~ (h) ], ( t A1 (h ), i A1 (h ), f A1 (h ) ) >: 1 ~ h H} and N2 A 2 , A 2 = {< h, [ t A~ 2 (h ) , t A~ (h ) ], iA~1 ( h ) ], [ f
2
~ A2
~ A2
[ i (h) , i ( h ) ], [ f
~ A2
(h ) , f
~ A2
( h ) ],
a ij if j G (2) a *ij 1 a ij if j C Where, aij is the performance rating of i th alternative for attribute j and max aj is the maximum
performance rating among alternatives for attribute j . VIKOR strategy The VIKOR strategy is an MCDM or multi-criteria decision analysis strategy to deal with multi-criteria optimization problem. This strategy focuses on ranking and selecting the best alternatives from a set of feasible alternatives in the presence of conflicting criteria for a decision problem. The compromise solution [63, 64]
H}
( t A 2 (h ), i A 2 (h ), f A 2 (h ) ) >: h
reflects a feasible solution that is the closest to the ideal,
be any two NC-numbers in a non-empty set H, then, (i) N 1 N 2 if and only if
and a compromise means an agreement established by mutual concessions. The Lp -metric is used to develop
t (h) t A~2 (h ) , t A~1 (h) t A~2 (h ) , ~ A1
the stategy [65]. The VIKOR strategy is developed using the following form of L p –metric
iA~1 (h ) iA~2 (h) , iA~1 ( h ) iA~ 2 (h ) ,
and t A1 (h ) t A 2 (h ),
i A1 (h ) i A 2 (h ), f A1 (h ) f A 2 (h ) for all h
H.
1 p ;i 1,2,3,....,m.
Definition 7. Let N1= < [a1, a2], [b1, b2], [c1, c2], (a, b, c) > and N2 = < [d1, d2], [e1, e2], [f1, f2], (d, e, f) > be any two NCnumbers, then distance [58] between them is defined by D (N1, N2) =
1 [ a 1 d 1 a 2 d 2 b1 e1 b 2 e 2 9 c1 f 1 c 2 f 2 a d b e c f ]
In the VIKOR strategy, L1i (as Si) and Li , i (as Ri ) are utilized to formulate ranking measure. The solution obtained by min Si reflects the maximum group utility (‘‘majority” rule), and the solution obtained by min Ri indicates the minimum individual regret of the
(1)
Definition 2.14: Procedure of normalization In general, benefit type attributes and cost type attributes can exist simultaneously in MAGDM problem. Therefore the decision matrix must be normalized. Let
1
p p n L pi j ij / j j j 1
f (h ) f A~2 (h) , f A~1 (h ) f A~ 2 (h ) ~ A1
a ij be a NC-numbers to express the
rating value of i-th alternative with respect to j-th attribute ( j). When attribute j C or j G (where C and G be the set of cost type attribute and set of benefit type attributes respectively) The normalized values for cost type attribute and benefit type attribute are calculated by using the following expression (2).
“opponent”. Suppose that each alternative is evaluated by each criterion function, the compromise ranking is prepated by comparing the measure of closeness to the ideal alternative. The m alternatives are denoted as A1, A2, A3, ..., Am. For the alternative Ai, the rating of the j th aspect is denoted by ij , i.e. ij is the value of j th criterion function for the alternative Ai; n is the number of criteria. The compromise ranking algorithm of the VIKOR strategy is presented using the following steps: Step 1: Determine the best j and the worst
j values of all criterion functions j =1, 2,..., n . If the
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j-th function represents a benefit then: j max ij , j min ij i
i
Step 2: Compute the values Si and Ri ; i = 1, 2,..., m, by these relations:
max w / , n
Si w j j ij / j j , j 1
Ri
j
j
j
j
ij
j
Here, wj is the weight of the criterion that expressss its relative importance. Step 3: Compute the values Qi: i = 1, 2,..., m, using the following relation: Qi Si S / S S 1 R i R / R R .
Here, S max Si , S min Si i
i
R max R i , R min R i i
i
Here, v represents ‘‘the decision making mechanism coefficient” (or ‘‘the maximum group utility”). Here we consider v = 0.5 . Step 4: Preference ranikng order of the the alternatives is done by sorting the values of S, R and Q in decreasing order. 3. VIKOR strategy for solving MAGDM problem in NCS environment In this section, we propose a MAGDM strategy in NCS environment. Assume that {1 , 2 , 3 ,..., r } be a set of r alternatives and {1 , 2 , 3 , ...,s } be a set of s attributes. Assume that W {w1 , w 2 , w 3 , ...,w s } be the weight vector of the attributes, where w k 0 s
and w k 1 . Assume that E {E1 , E2 , E3 ,..., EM } be k 1
the set of M decision makers and { 1 , 2 , 3 , ..., M } be the set of weight vector of M
decision makers, where p 0 and p 1 . p 1
The proposed MAGDM strategy consists of the following steps: Step: 1. Construction of the decision matrix Let DM p = (aijp) r s (p = 1, 2, 3, …, t) be the p-th decision matrix, where information about the alternative i provided by the decision maker or expert E p with respect to attribute j (j = 1, 2, 3, …, s). The p-th decision matrix denoted by DM p (See Equation (3)) is constructed as follows:
1 2 ... s a p a p ... a p 1s DM p 1 p11 p12 (3) 2sp 2 a 21 a22 . . ... . a p a p ... .a p r1 r2 rs r Here p = 1, 2, 3,…, M; i = 1, 2, 3,…, r; j = 1, 2, 3,…, s. Step: 2. Normalization of the decision matrix In decision making situation, cost type attributes and benefit type attributes play an important role to select the best alternative. Cost type attributes and benefit type attributes may exist simultaneously, so the decision matrices need to be normalized. We use Equation (2) for normalizing the cost type attributes and benefit type attributes. After normalization, the normalized decision matrix (Equation (3)) is represented as follows (see Equation 4):
1 DM p 2 . r
1 2 ... s p p p a *11 a *12 ... a *1s p p p a * 21 a * 22 a* 2s . ... . p p p a * r1 a * r 2 ... . a * rs
(4)
Here, p = 1, 2, 3,…, M; i = 1, 2, 3,…, r; j = 1, 2, 3,…, s. Step: 3. Aggregated decision matrix For obtaining group decision, we aggregate all the individual decision matrices ( DM p , p 1, 2,..., M) to an aggregated decision matrix (DM) using the neutrosophic cubic numbers weighted aggregation (NCNWA) operator as follows: a ij NCNWA ( a 1ij , a ij2 ,... , a ijM ) (1a 1ij 2 a ij2 3a 3ij ... M a ijM ) = M M M M [ p t ij( p ) , p t ij( p ) ],[ p iij( p ) , p iij( p ) ], p 1 p 1 p 1 p 1 M M M M M [ p f ij( p ) , p f ij ( p ) ], ( p t ij( p ) , p iij( p ), p f ij( p ) ] (5) p 1 p 1 p 1 p 1 p 1
The NCNWA operator satisfies the following properties: 1. Idempotency 2. Monotoncity 3. Boundedness Property: 1. Idempotency If all a 1ij , a ij2 ,... , a ijM a are equal, then
a ij NCNWA (a1ij , a ij2 ,...
,a ijM ) a
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Proof: Since a 1ij a ij2 ... a ijM a , based on the Equation (5), we get a ij NCNWA ( a 1ij a ij2 ... a ijM ) (1a 1ij 2 a ij2 3a 3ij ... M a ijM ) =
(1a 2 a 3a ... M a ) = M M M M [ t p , t p ],[ i p , i p ], p 1 p 1 p 1 p 1
[ f p , f p ], ( t p , i p , f p ] p 1 p 1 p 1 p 1 p 1 M
M
M
M
M
any two set of collections of M NC-numbers with the condition a ijp a *ijp (p = 1, 2, ..., M), then NCNWA ( a 1ij , a ij2 ,..., a ijM ) NCNWA ( a *ij1 , a *ij2 ,..., a *ijM ).
Proof: From the given condition t ij( p) t ij*( p) , we have t
*(p)
p t ij
M
M
p 1
p 1
*( p )
p tij( p ) p tij
t
M
p t
.
ij
t p 1
p 1
p 1
*( p )
p tij p 1
.
p t ij(p) p t ij
*(p)
M
M
p 1
p 1
p tij( p ) p tij
.
From the given condition iij( p) iij*( p) , we have p i ij(p) p i ij
*(p)
M
M
p 1
p 1
p iij( p ) p iij
*( p )
.
From the given condition tij( p) tij*( p) , we have p f ij(p) p f ij
*(p)
M
M
p 1
p 1
p f ij( p ) p f ij
*( p )
Property: 2. Boundedness Let { a 1ij , a ij2 , ...,a ijM } be any collection of M NC-numbers. If
[min {f p
p
( p ) ij
}, min {f p
}],(max {t ijp}, min {iijp}, min {f ijp})
( p ) ij
p
p
p
[max {f ij( p )}, max {f ij( p )}],(min {t ijp}, max {iijp}, max {f ijp}) . p
M
*( p )
p iij
p
p
p
.
Then, a - NCNWA ( a 1ij a ij2 ... a ijM ) a .
From the given condition iij( p) iij *( p) , we have
Proof: From Property 1 and Property 2, we obtain
p 1
p
(p) (p) {iij ( p )}, max {iij ( p )}], a [min {t ij },[min {t ij }],[max p p p
*(p)
i
*( p )
i
p i ij (p) p i ij
( p ) p ij
.
From the given condition tij( p) tij*( p) , we have
p
M
From the given condition iij( p) iij*( p) , we have
M
*( p )
( p) (p) {iij ( p )}, min {iij ( p )}], a [max{t ij },[max{t ij }],[min p p
*(p)
( p ) p ij
M
From the above relations, we obtain NCNWA ( a 1ij , a ij2 ,..., a ijM ) NCNWA ( a *ij1 , a *ij2 ,..., a *ijM ).
From the given condition tij ( p) tij *( p) , we have (p) p ij
M
p f ij( p ) p f ij
= [t , t ],[i , i ],[ f , f ], ( t, i, f ]) a. Property: 3. Monotonicity Assume that { a 1ij , a ij2 , .. , a ijM } and { a *ij1 , a *ij2 , ..., a *ijM } be
(p) p ij
*(p)
p f ij (p) p f ij
p 1
p
*(p)
p i ij (p) p i ij M
M
p 1
p 1
*( p )
p iij( p ) p iij
NCNWA ( a 1ij , a ij2 ,..., a ijM ) NCNWA ( a , a , ..., a ) a
.
From the given condition f ij( p) f ij *( p) , we have p f
(p) ij
M
pf
*(p) ij
M
*( p )
p f ij( p ) p f ij p 1
p 1
.
and NCNWA ( a 1ij , a ij2 ,..., a ijM ) NCNWA ( a , a ,..., a ) a . So, we have a - NCNWA ( a 1ij , a ij2 ,..., a ijM ) a . Therefore, the aggregated decision matrix is defined as follows:
From the given condition f ij ( p) f ij *( p) , we have
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1 2 ... .s a 1 11 a 12 ... a 1s DM 2 a 21 a 22 a 2s .... .......... a a ... a rs r r1 r2
4. Illustrative example (6)
Here, i = 1, 2, 3, …, r; j = 1, 2, 3, …, s; p =1, 2, …., M. Step: 4. Define the positive ideal solution and negative ideal solution a ij [ max tij , max tij ], [ min i ij , min i ij ], i
i
i
(7)
i
[ min f ij , min i ij ], ( max t ij , min f ij , min f ij ) i
i
i
i
i
a ij [min tij , min tij ],[max i ij , max i ij ], i
i
i
(8)
i
[max f ij , max i ij ], (min t ij , max f ij , max f ij ) i
i
i
i
i
Step: 5. Compute
and Zi i and represent the average and worst group Z i i scores for the alternative Ai respectively with the relations s
w j D (a ij , a *ij )
j 1
D (a ij , a ij )
i
To demonstrate the feasibility, applicability and effectiveness of the proposed strategy, we solve a MAGDM problem adapted from [51]. We assume that an investment company wants to invest a sum of money in the best option. The investment company forms a decision making board involving of three members (E1, E2, E3) who evaluate the four alternatives to invest money. The alternatives are Car company ( 1 ), Food company ( 2 ), Computer company ( 3 ) and Arms company ( 4 ). Decision makers take decision to evaluate alternatives based on the attributes namely, risk factor ( 1 ), growth factor ( 2 ), environment impact ( 3 ). We consider three criteria as benefit type based on Pramanik et al. [58]. Assume that the weight vector of attributes is W (0.36, 0.37, 0.27)T and weight vector of decision makers or experts is (0.26, 0.40, 0.34)T . Now, we apply the proposed MAGDM strategy using the following steps.
(9)
* w j D (a ij , a ij ) Zi max j D (a ij , a ij ) Here, wj is the weight of j .
(10)
The smaller values of and correspond Z i to the i better average and worse group scores for alternative Ai , respectively. Step: 6. Calculate the values of i (i = 1, 2, 3, …, r) (i ) ( Zi Z ) i ( 1 ) (11) ( ) (Z Z ) Here, i min i , i max i , i
i
i
i
Z min Zi , Z max Zi i
i
(12)
and depicts the decision making mechanism coefficient. If 0.5 , it is for “the maximum group utility”; If 0.5 , it is “ the minimum regret”; and it is both if 0.5 . Step: 7. Rank the priority of alternatives Rank the alternatives by i , and according Zi i to the rule of traditional VIKOR strategy. The smaller value reflects the better alternative.
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Multi attribute group decision making problem
Decision making analysis phase Construction of the decision matrix
Normalization of the decision matrices
Step-1
Step- 2
Aggregated decision matrix
Step- 3
Define the positive ideal solution and negative ideal solution
Step-4
Compute ď ‡i and Z i
Calculate the values of ď Śi
Rank the priority of alternatives
Step-5
Step- 6
Step- 7
Figure.1 Decision making procedure of proposed MAGDM method
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Step: 1. Construction of the decision matrix
We construct the decision matrices as follows:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Decision matrix for DM1 in NCN form 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.6, .8], [.2, .3], [.2, .4], (.8, .3, .4) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.6, .8], [.2, .3], [.2, .4], (.8, .3, .4) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.3, .4], [.5, .6], [.5, .7], (.4, .6, .7) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) >
(13)
Decision matrix for DM2 in NCN form 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 < [.3, .4], [.5, .6], [.5, .7], (.4, .6, .7) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.6, .8], [.2, .3], [.2, .4], (.8, .3, .4) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) >
(14)
Decision matrix for DM3 in NC-number form 1 2 3 1 < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > 2 < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > 3 < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.6, .8], [.2, .3], [.2, .4], (.8, .3, .4) > < [.6, .8], [.2, .3], [.2, .4], (.8, .3, .4) > < [.7, .9], [.1, .2], [.1, .2], (.9, .2,.2) > < [.4, .5], [.4, .5], [.4, .5], (.5, .5, .5) > < [.3, .4], [.5, .6], [.5, .7], (.4, .6, .7) > 4
(15)
Step: 2. Normalization of the decision matrix Since all the criteria are considered as benefit type, we do not need to normalize the decision matrices (DM 1, DM2, DM3). Step: 3. Aggregated decision matrix Using equation eq. (5), the aggregated decision matrix of (13, 14, 15) is presented below: 1 2 3 4
1 2 3 < [.44, .56], [.36, .46], [.36, .51], (.56, .46,.50) > < [.48, .60], [.32, .42], [.32, .42], (.60, .42,.42) > < [.62, .80], [.18, .28], [.18, .28], (.80, .28, .28) > < [.45, .58], [.35, .45], [.35, .47], (.58, .45, .47) > < [.50, .64], [.30, .40], [.30, .40], (.64, .40, .40) > < [.60, .76], [.20, .30], [.20, .30], (.76, .30,.30) > < [.62, .80], [.18, .28], [.18, .28], (.80, .28, .28) > < [.64, .84], [.16, .26], [.16, .32], (.84, .26, .32) > < [.47, .60], [.33, .43], [.33, .47], (.60, .43, .47) > < [.56, .73], [.24, .34], [.24, .41], (.73, .34, .41) > < [.40, .50], [.40, .50], [.40, .50], (.50, .50, .50) > < [.56, .73], [.24, .34], [.24, .37], (.73, .34,.37) >
(16)
Step: 4. Define the positive ideal solution and negative ideal solution The positive ideal solution a ij = 1 2 3 < [.62, .80],[.18, .28],[.18, .28], (.80, .28,.28) > < [.64, .84],[.16, .26],[.16, .32], (.84, .26,.32) > < [.62, .80],[.18, .28],[.18, .28], (.80, .28, .28) >
and the negative ideal solution 1 a ij =
2 3 < [.44, .56], [.36, .46], [.36, .51], (.56, .46,.50) > < [.40, .50], [.40, .50], [.40, .50], (.50, .50,.50) > < [.47, .60], [.33, .43], [.33, .43], (.60, .43, .47) >
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… And Step: 5. Compute and Zi i 0.36 0.2 0.37 0.16 0.27 0 Using Equation (9) and Equation (10), we obtain Z max , , 0.24, 0.36 0.2 0.37 0.16 0.27 0 1 0.43, 0.25 0.16 0.37
0.36 0.18 0.37 0.14 0.27 0.02 2 0.42, 0.37 0.25 0.16
0.36 0 0.37 0 0.27 0.19 3 0.32, 0.37 0.25 0.16 0.36 0.08 0.37 0.25 0.27 0.07 4 0.57. 0.16 0.37 0.25
1
0.37
0.25
0.16
0.36 0.18 0.37 0.14 0.27 0.02 Z 2 max , , 0.21, 0.37 0.25 0.16
0.36 0 0.37 0 0.27 0.19 Z3 max , , 0.32, 0.37 0.25 0.16 0.36 0.08 0.37 0.25 0.27 0.07 Z 4 max , , 0.37. 0.37 0.25 0.16
Step: 6. Calculate the values of i Using Equations (11), (12) and 0.5 , we obtain
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(0.43 0.32 ) (0.24 0.21 ) 0.5 0.31, 0.25 0.16 (0.42 0.32 ) (0.21 0.21) 2 0.5 0.5 0.2, 0.25 0.16 1 0.5
3 0.5 4 0.5
(0.32 0.32 ) (0.32 0.21) 0.5 0.34, 0.25 0.16
Step: 7. Rank the priority of alternatives The preference order of the alternatives based on the traditional rules of the VIKOR startegy is 2 1 3 4 . …………………………………………………………
(0.57 0.32 ) (0.37 0.21) . 0.5 1 0.25 0.16
………………....................................................................................................................... ........................................... 5. The influence of parameter Table 1 shows how the ranking order of alternatives ( i ) changes with the change of the value of Values of Values of Preference order of alternatives i
= 0.1
1 = 0.22, 2 = 0.04, 3 = 0.62, 4 = 1
2 1 3 4
= 0.2
1 = 0.24, 2 = 0.08, 3 = 0.55, 4 = 1
2 1 3 4
= 0.3
1 = 0.26, 2 = 0.12, 3 = 0.48, 4 = 1
2 1 3 4
= 0.4
1 = 0.29, 2 = 0.16, 3 = 0.41, 4 = 1
2 1 3 4
= 0.5
1 = 0.31, 2 = 0.2, 3 = 0.34, 4 = 1
2 1 3 4
= 0.6
1 = 0.34, 2 = 0.24, 3 = 0.28, 4 = 1
2 3 1 4
= 0.7
1 = 0.36, 2 = 0.28, 3 = 0.21, 4 = 1
3 2 1 4
= 0.8
1 = 0.39, 2 = 0.32, 3 = 0.14, 4 = 1
3 2 1 4
= 0.9
1 = 0.42, 2 = 0.36, 3 = 0.07, 4 = 1
3 2 1 4
Table1. Values of
i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4) and ranking of alternatives for different values of .
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Figure 2 represents the graphical representation of alternatives ( A i ) versus i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4) for
different values of . …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
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Line of lowest values of
Line of greatest values of 0.95
0.57
0.38
values of
0.76
0.19
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8
Va lue s
0.6
of
0.4
0.9
1
2
3
4
Fig 2. Graphical representation of ranking of alternatives for different values of . ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3] K. T. Atanassov. Intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Fuzzy Sets 6. Conclusions and Systems, 20 (1986), 87-96. In this paper, we have extended the traditional VIKOR [4] H. Wang, F. Smarandache, Y. Zhang, and R. strategy to NC-VIKOR. We introduced neutrosophic cubic Sunderraman. Single valued neutrosophic sets. Multinumbers weighted aggregation (NCNWA) operator and space and Multi-structure, 4 (2010), 410-413. applied it to aggregate the individual opinion to group [5] S. Pramanik, and T. K. Roy. Neutrosophic game opinion prove its three properties. We develpoed a novel theoretic approach to Indo-Pak conflict over JammuNC-VIKOR based MAGDM strategy in neutrosophic Kashmir. Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 2 (2014), 82cubic set environment. Finally, we solve a MAGDM 101. problem to show the feasibility, applicability and [6] J. Ye. Single valued neutrosophic minimum spanning efficiency of the proposed MAGDM strategy. We present a tree and its clustering method. Journal of Intelligent sensitivity analysis to show the impact of different values Systems, 23 (2014), 311–324. of the decision making mechanism coefficient on ranking [7] J. Ye. Clustering methods using distance-based order of the alternatives. The proposed NC-VIKOR based similarity measures of single-valued neutrosophic sets. MAGDM strategy can be employed to solve a variety of Journal of Intelligent Systems, 23(2014), 379–389. problems such as logistics center selection [28, 74], teacher [8] Y. Guo, and A. Sengur. NCM: Neutrosophic c-means selection [75], renewable energy selection[70], fault clustering algorithm. Pattern Recognition, 48 (8) diagnosis[71], brick selection [76, 77], weaver selection (2015), 2710-2724. [78], etc. [9] R. Şahin, Neutrosophic hierarchical clustering
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Received : April 30, 2018. Accepted : May 10, 2018.
Surapati Pramanik, Shyamal Dalapati, Shariful Alam, Tapan Kumar Roy, NC-VIKOR Based MAGDM under Neutrosophic Cubic Set Environment