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No of cylinder 1
The static compressive ratio of the internal combustion engine or external combustion engine is a value that represents the ratio of the volume of the is a combustion chamber from its largest capacity to its smallest capacity. In a piston engine, it is the ratio between the volume of the cylinder and combustion chamber when the piston is the bottom of a stroke, and the volume of the combustion chamber, and the piston when the piston is at the top of its stroke.
A. Variable Compression Ratio Worldwide pressure to reduce automotive fuel consumption and CO2 emissions are leading to the introduction of various new technologies for the automotive engine. The concept of variable compression ratio (VCR) promises improved engine performance, efficiency, and reduced emissions. VCR is identified as the key enabling technology of downsized engines. Variable Compression Ratio (VCR) is a system that is used to adjust the compression ratios of the internal combustion engine. In simple terms, it changes the combustion chamber size of the cylinder according to various different operating conditions such as speed, load, acceleration, and torque. Car emissions and fuel economy are two challenges for the automotive sector in which the VCR engine is a very decent technology approaching low fuel consumption and pollutant emission reduction. The car manufacturers have to look forward to more thermally efficient and less polluting engines. In the present world, the automotive sector spends millions of dollars for approaching low emission as well as low fuel consumption cars. Various different ways are been discovered such as hybrid cars, fuel cell cars, solar cars, and many more as future development. VCR engine would practically prove to be a boon for the automotive sector. The concept of the VCR engine significantly contributes its benefits to thermo-dynamic efficiency. The concept of the VCR is that it continuously operates at different compression ratios as per the need of the performance. The change in the combustion chamber volume continuously takes place with the varying compression ratio.
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II. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
This is the experimental setup, which we are going to use for testing, As shown in the figure, the test equipment is composed of the four-stroke variable compassion ratio engine and emission tester used in the exhaust gas analyzer.
Fig. 2 Experimental Setup Line Diagram
The setup consists of single-cylinder four strokes (Kirloskar), water-cooled, Multi-fuel, research engine connected to eddy current type dynamometer for the load. The main components of the system are dynamometer, exhaust gas analyzer, fuel tank, fuel injector, load indicator. The VCR engine has to be operated on the diesel at different compression ratios, with a load range at each given value of compression ratio. The engine has an eddy current dynamometer to measure its output. It consists of stators on which are fitted with a number of electromagnets and a rotor disc made of copper or steel and coupled to the shaft of the engine. In modes, the compression can be varied without stopping the engine without altering the combustion chamber geometry by specially designed tilting cylinder block arrangement. The setup has fuel tanks for fuel tests, manometers, fuel measuring units, transmitters for air and fuel flow measurements. Rotameters are provided for cooling water and calorimeter water flows measurement. The exhaust emissions of the engine are analyzed using an exhaust gas analyzer. The constituents of the exhaust gas were measured. Lab viewbased Engine Performance Analysis software package “Enginesoft” is provided for online performance evaluation.
