Many issues confront the world today, such as increasing urbanization, population explosion, climate change and
resource degradation, pollution of water, air, and land, and construction and demolition waste generation around the world, to
name a few. If we consider simply construction and demolition waste output, the world's population of 7.6 billion people
generated around 3 billion tonnes of waste every year. China, India, and the United States, with a combined waste output of
more than 2 billion tonnes, are the most significant contributors in this scenario (Ali Akhtar et al., 2018). In recent decades,
waste creation has expanded exponentially over the world, with no indications of slowing down.
