Smart cities are one of the most active research fields today. It aims to provide solutions to problems in urban environments, in
order to help humans live better and to increase productivity in cities. Fifty-five percent (55%) of the world’s population live in
urban areas, and the proportion is projected to reach 68% by 2050, adding 2.5 billion people to urban areas [1]. Furthermore, the
current smart cities market size in 2020 is valued at USD $98.95 billion and is projected to reach USD $463.89 billion by 2027,
demonstrating a Compound Annual GrowthRate (CAGR) of 24.7% [2]. These values demonstrate a demand and need
