The current paper addresses the phenomenon of land use and land cover (LULC), which has undergone continuous
changes over the last few decades as a result of significant environmental variations caused by anthropogenic and natural
factors. A detailed review of the studies conducted so far has revealed a declining trend in land use land coverage. It has also
been discovered that land use has an effect on land cover and vice versa.
Understanding the relationships and interactions between human and natural phenomena depends on the precision of change
detection on the earth's surface. Remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have the potential to provide
reliable data on changes in land use and land cover.
We look at the most common methods for detecting changes in land use and land cover. Eleven methods for detecting changes
are examined. The most commonly used tools, according to a review of the literature, are post-classification comparison and
principle component analysis.
