This paper provides a review focusing on synthesis techniques, various structures and the effect of capping agent on
the size of semiconductor nanocrystalline materials. These semiconductor nanoparticles have potential applications in lightemitting diodes, small film transistors, solar cells and photoconductive devices. Compared to most bulk materials, these nano
particles have unique properties. If the particle size of these semiconductors becomes smaller than the Bohr excitonic radius,
quantum size effects occur and subsequently band gap of the material increases. Capping agents have an important role to play
in particle size reduction.
