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Mobile Internet Connectivity & Applications Hosting

Building The Connected Journey… THE FUTURE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT IS DIGITAL, WITH BOTH PASSENGERS AND TRANSPORT OPERATORS HAVING GREAT EXPECTATIONS FOR THE GROWING INTERNET CONNECTIVITY AVAILABLE FOR THEIR VEHICLES. Passengers are demanding constant connections when they’re onboard, and transport operators want real-time data. The number of onboard devices or systems requiring Internet connectivity is increasing, with transport operators looking to improve communication channels and the flow of real-time information for passengers and staff, and to remotely monitor and manage their vehicles by intelligently predicting and pre-emptively resolving issues. Some of these connected systems will be business critical or safety critical. This presents two main challenges: 1. All these systems will be competing for the same limited bandwidth of the mobile Internet connectivity 2. Connectivity needs to be available for the whole of the vehicle's journey through rural and/or urban environments Today, personal and commercial Internet connectivity on the move is largely delivered through cellular networks. However, these cellular networks were not generally designed with public transport in mind. This is the issue that Icomera is addressing. As the world’s leading provider of mobile Internet connectivity for public transport, Icomera delivers the fastest, most reliable and most secure Internet connection available to a moving vehicle.

Overcoming the Faraday Cage Effect The Challenge: The metallic construction of public transport vehicles tends to block electromagnetic signals, shielding equipment, staff, and passengers from all but 0.1% of external Radio Frequency (RF) signals - known as the "Faraday cage effect". This issue makes it very difficult for a smart device located within the vehicle to directly find the signal provided by a mobile network operator (MNO). The Solution: To bypass the Faraday cage effect, purpose-built external antennas can be mounted on the vehicle’s roof, capturing maximum network capacity along the route, and delivering it to the vehicle’s onboard network.

Multi-modem vs. Single Modem Connectivity The Challenge: When MNOs plan the locations of new masts or towers, they prioritise population coverage over area coverage. This is a challenge for public transport vehicles travelling along routes that take them through more remote rural environments. A single MNO is often unlikely to offer comprehensive coverage for the entirety of a vehicle’s route. Geographical patches of poor cellular reception mean that the strength and stability of the signal varies, causing data packets to be delayed or lost. In real-world terms, this means slow webpage load times, video buffering, broken VPN tunnels and dropped conference calls. The Solution: Specifically designed for use on public transport, Icomera’s multi-modem mobile access routers aggregate all of the available radio frequencies across multiple carriers. When the connection from a particular MNO is lost, the router retains all other available connections, ensuring reliable connectivity even in regions with sparse network coverage. 2

Icomera SureWAN™ 5G-ready Mobile Network Aggregation Technology

The Challenge: Traditionally, multi-modem onboard routers have only been able to connect to one cell tower or cellular network at a time. This is not very useful when a vehicle is travelling between cell towers at high speed! When switching between towers or networks, the “handover” is not always seamless, meaning that passengers and systems will still experience data packet delay or loss, and in the worst case a failed hand-over where the call or data connection is lost completely. The Solution: Icomera’s patented SureWAN™ algorithm intelligently connects to multiple cellular networks and towers in parallel. Because of this, it is possible for the router to switch from one tower or network to the next without the aggregated connection to the vehicle being lost. For passengers and onboard systems, the seamless transition between networks provides an always-online experience, reducing data packet delay or loss. When multiple communications networks are simultaneously available, SureWAN aggregates all available spectrums in real time, offering maximum coverage and capacity. Since 3G, LTE, LTE-A, 5G, trackside and even satellite networks can be supported as part of a single solution, SureWAN delivers a higher throughput than would otherwise be available from just a single network, enabling passengers to enjoy more time online, and onboard systems to transmit data back to base in real-time, on demand.

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Icomera’s SureWAN technology aggregates multiple communications networks, providing the fastest, most reliable Internet connection available to a moving vehicle

Icomera TraXside™ Next-generation Connectivity for the Rail Industry

The Challenge: While the coverage and capacity of cellular networks is steadily improving with the dawn of the 5G age, there will continue to be patches along rail routes (e.g. in remote rural areas and tunnels) where there is no cellular network coverage. There will also be parts of the route where demand for Internet capacity outstrips supply, such as at central train stations. The Solution: Within the rail industry, Icomera TraXside™ is a key component in delivering the next generation of mobile Internet connectivity, providing continuous, high-capacity bandwidth to a train along the entirety of its route. Icomera’s TraXside solution consists of a network of high-speed radio units installed on existing railway infrastructure such as towers or masts, helping infill any “not spots” where there is no cellular coverage, or to boost capacity where it is needed most. Icomera TraXside supports two simultaneous 3x3 MIMO radios. With the aggregated capacity of the two radios, TraXside can deliver a train<->shore connection peaking at 1.4 Gbit/s (when a train is stationary at a station). Icomera TraXside has a median real TCP/IP throughput of around 1 Gbit/s during train travel - unrivalled bandwidth for rail passengers and onboard systems. Furthermore, Icomera’s platform utilises SureWAN™ to intelligently manage the seamless handover between TraXside and any available cellular networks, without the aggregated connection to the train being lost. In areas where both cellular and TraXside connectivity are offered, SureWAN can automatically prioritise the use of TraXside, reducing the cellular data costs which would have been incurred by high cellular network usage.

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Icomera TraXside can help fill in any “not spots” in cellular network coverage along a train’s route

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In areas with better cellular network coverage, TraXside can be prioritised over cellular networks, reducing mobile data costs

Powerful Applications Hosting Supporting Multiple, Resource Intensive Applications Simultaneously

Providing a real-time Internet connection on board the vehicle allows for a range of applications to be deployed, delivering long-term benefits to both transport operators and passengers. With the necessary memory, processing power and storage capacity to integrate multiple services into one easyto-manage system, Icomera’s powerful mobile access and applications routers support the widest variety of value-adding applications; from industry-leading passenger Wi-Fi and infotainment, to remote vehicle monitoring and streaming video surveillance.

Passenger Experience: Increase Satisfaction Levels For many individuals, a significant proportion of each day is spent travelling, and Internet connectivity on the move is no longer seen as a luxury. Providing onboard services, such as passenger Wi-Fi, can improve the experience for those travelling, increasing satisfaction levels and helping encourage passengers to choose public transport over less sustainable modes of travel more often.

Operational Efficiency: Reduce Costs It is not only passengers who are looking to make use of the vehicle’s mobile Internet connectivity. Onboard systems are increasingly connected and increasingly intelligent. There are many devices on-board sending data back to operational control centres and headquarters, monitoring the health, performance and capacity of the vehicle. Parts of these systems can be “virtualised” – that is, run as virtual applications hosted on the Icomera router. This reduces the amount of onboard hardware (and associated installation and maintenance effort) required to perform the same function. Additionally, providing a mobile Internet connection allows transport operators to remotely monitor and, when necessary, resolve issues fleet-wide; systems can be reconfigured over-the-air, without the need for a vehicle to return to the depot, maintaining or improving schedule adherence while further reducing operational costs.

Safety and Security: Manage Risk and Legal Compliance Safety is the number one priority for transport authorities and operators, and protecting passengers, staff and assets is a responsibility which needs to be managed with ever more care in the digital age. The Icomera platform provides the foundation for different applications designed to protect the physical safety and cybersecurity of vehicles and those travelling. In the case of an emergency, the traffic for critical operational systems can be prioritised over less vital systems (such as passenger Wi-Fi), ensuring the available bandwidth is put to use where it is most needed. 8

Get in Touch Today…

At Icomera, we work in partnership with clients to build long-term relationships. We listen to your needs and advise you on the solutions that fit your requirements, with room to grow in the future. We are with you through the installation process and over the entirety of a solution’s service life. We can point to our proven track record of successful projects, providing relevant case studies on request.

To find out more about how we can help you, contact sales@icomera.com today

About Icomera Icomera is the world’s leading provider of integrated connectivity solutions for trains, trams, buses and coaches, serving millions of passengers and tens of thousands of onboard systems on a daily basis. We deliver the fastest, most reliable and secure Internet connection available to a moving vehicle, supporting a wide range of digital applications which increase passenger satisfaction, enhance operational efficiency, and improve safety and security. Our solutions make transport more attractive for passengers and part of a smarter, safer, greener future for everyone, accelerating the transition towards a carbon-neutral world. 10

ICOMERA Odinsgatan 28, 411 03 Göteborg, Sweden T +46 31 799 21 00 sales@icomera.com