(b) Mumwe anopa. 4. Tsananguro yeJerusarema. (a) Tembere (nenzvimbo yekuchenesa mvura). (b) Mutambo wacho. (c) Nhare. (d) Guta. (e) Kumaruwa. 5. Kuonekana kwaEriazari. 6. Tsananguro yaEriazari pamusoro pemutemo (iyi ipfungwa yakadzama). 7. Kugamuchirwa. 8. Mabiko (mibvunzo nemhinduro makumi manomwe nembiri). 9. Dudziro yeBhuku. CHITSAUKO 1
Tsamba yaAristeas NHANGANYAYA Mutsamba yaAristeas, imwe yedzakawanikwa kare uye dzinokosha muunganidzwa uyu, tabva kure naAdhamu naEvha, kure naMafashamo. Kunyorwa uku kunoratidza kushinga kwevanhu, uko kwakagadzirisa Nyika, nemarudzi ane simba achigara mukubwinya nekubwinya. Muchaverenga pano nezvemunyori wekutanga mukuru wemabhuku - Ptolemy Philadelphus. Anoda kuunganidza muraibhurari yake kuAlexandria "mabhuku ese ari pasi rose." Pakupedzisira, mukuda kwake kuwana bhuku rimwe chete guru - Mitemo yechiJudha - anotengesa vanhu 100,000 kuti awane bhuku iroro. Uyu ungangove mutengo wakanyanya kubhadharwa pabasa rimwe chete. Izvi zvinopa chikonzero chisingawanzoitiki chekuguma kweKutapwa Kukuru. Zviitiko zvenyaya iyi zvakaitika panguva yehupenyu hwaMambokadzi Arsinoe ane mukurumbira, akafa muna 270 BC Zuva chairo rekunyora harizivikanwi. Ruzivo rwehupenyu hwedare, hurukuro yematambudziko emagariro evanhu epanguva iyoyo zvinonyanya kufadza uye zvakajeka. Chinhu chinoshamisa munguva ino kuona mambo nevaenzi vake vachitamba mibvunzo nemhinduro panguva yemabiko avo. Chimiro chebasa iri rinobata pfungwa ndeichi: 1. Kutsaurirwa kwebhuku kuna Philocrates. 2. Chiito chekutanga: (a) Chikumbiro cheMutariri weRaibhurari chekusunungura nhapwa dzechiJudha vachichinjana nebhuku. (b) Kusunungurwa. (c) Tsamba yaPhiladelphus kuna Eleazar. (d) Mhinduro. (e) Mazita ekomiti yakagadzwa kushandura bhuku iri. 3. Tsananguro yezvipo zvehumambo: (a) Tafura (zvichida ndiyo fenicha yakagadzirwa zvakanaka kupfuura dzose).
Panguva yeVatapwa vechiJudha muIjipita, Ptolemy Philadelphus anozviratidza semunhu wekutanga anofarira mabhuku ebhaibheri. Anoda kuva nemabhuku ese pasi rose muraibhurari yake; kuti awane Mitemo yaMosesi, anopa kutengesa vanhu 100,000 vakatapwa nebasa iroro achiti, "Ichi chikomborero chidiki zvechokwadi!" 1 Sezvo ndakaunganidza zvinhu zvenhoroondo inoyeukwa yekushanya kwangu kuna Ereazari Mupristi Mukuru wevaJudha, uye nekuti iwe, Philocrates, sezvo usingarasikirwe nemukana wekundiyeuchidza, wakachengeta zvakawanda pawakagamuchira nhoroondo yezvinangwa nechinangwa chebasa rangu, ndakaedza kutsanangura zvakajeka nyaya iyi, nekuti ndinoona kuti une rudo rwechisikigo rwekudzidza, hunhu huri pamusoro pemunhu - kugara uchiedza 'kuwedzera ruzivo rwake nezvaanowana' kungave kuburikidza nekudzidza nhoroondo kana nekutora chikamu muzviitiko zvacho. 2 Ndiyo nzira iyi, nekugamuchira zvinhu zvakanakisisa, iyo mweya unosimbiswa muutsvene, uye mushure mekunge waisa chinangwa chawo pakunamata, chinangwa chakanakisisa kupfuura zvose, unoshandisa izvi semutungamiri wawo asingakanganisi uye nokudaro unowana chinangwa chaicho. 3 Kuzvipira kwangu pakutsvaga ruzivo rwechitendero ndiko kwakaita kuti ndiende kuhofisi yemumiriri kumurume wandataura, uyo airemekedzwa zvikuru nevagari vemo nevamwe, nekuda kwehunhu hwake nehukuru hwake, uye aive nemagwaro aikosha zvikuru kuvaJudha munyika yake nekune dzimwe nyika ekududzira mutemo waMwari, nekuti mitemo yavo yakanyorwa pamatehwe eganda nemavara echiJudha. 4 Ipapo ndakatanga basa iri nechido, ndawana mukana wekutanga wekuteterera kuna mambo panzvimbo yevasungwa vechiJudha vakanga vatakurwa kubva kuJudhiya kuenda kuEgipita nababa vamambo, pavakatanga kutora guta iri ndokutora nyika yeEgipita. 5 Zvakakosha kuti ndikuudzeiwo nyaya iyi, sezvo ndine chokwadi chekuti imi, nepfungwa dzenyu dzeutsvene uye tsitsi dzenyu nevanhu vari kurarama maererano nemutemo mutsvene, muchateerera zviri nyore nyaya yandinoda kutaura, sezvo imi pachenyu mava kuuya kwatiri kubva kuchitsuwa uye muchida kunzwa zvese zvinovaka mweya. 6 Pane imwe nguva zvakare, ndakakutumirai chinyorwa chechokwadi chandaifunga kuti chakakodzera kutaurwa nezverudzi rwechiJudha, - chinyorwa chandakawana kubva