CAT + Caterpillar 312D2 AND 313D2 Excavator Operation & Maintenance Manual by Heavy Equipment Manual

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OperationandMaintenanceManual

312D2and313D2Excavators

MediaNumber-SEBU9268-12PublicationDate-01/09/2015DateUpdated-08/01/2018

Foreword

SMCS-7000

LiteratureInformation

Thismanualshouldbestoredintheoperator'scompartmentintheliteratureholderorseatbackliterature storagearea.

Thismanualcontainssafetyinformation,operationinstructions,transportationinformation,lubrication informationandmaintenanceinformation.

Somephotographsorillustrationsinthispublicationshowdetailsorattachmentsthatcanbedifferentfrom yourmachine.Guardsandcoversmighthavebeenremovedforillustrativepurposes.

Continuingimprovementandadvancementofproductdesignmighthavecausedchangestoyour machinewhicharenotincludedinthispublication.Read,studyandkeepthismanualwiththemachine.

Wheneveraquestionarisesregardingyourmachine,orthispublication,pleaseconsultyourCatdealer forthelatestavailableinformation.

Safety

Thesafetysectionlistsbasicsafetyprecautions.Inaddition,thissectionidentifiesthetextandlocationsof warningsignsandlabelsusedonthemachine.

Readandunderstandthebasicprecautionslistedinthesafetysectionbeforeoperatingorperforming lubrication,maintenanceandrepaironthismachine.

Operation

Theoperationsectionisareferenceforthenewoperatorandarefresherfortheexperiencedoperator. Thissectionincludesadiscussionofgauges,switches,machinecontrols,attachmentcontrols, transportationandtowinginformation.

Photographsandillustrationsguidetheoperatorthroughcorrectproceduresofchecking,starting, operatingandstoppingthemachine.

Operatingtechniquesoutlinedinthispublicationarebasic.Skillandtechniquesdevelopastheoperator gainsknowledgeofthemachineanditscapabilities.

Maintenance

Themaintenancesectionisaguidetoequipmentcare.TheMaintenanceIntervalSchedule(MIS)liststhe itemstobemaintainedataspecificserviceinterval.Itemswithoutspecificintervalsarelistedunderthe "WhenRequired"serviceinterval.TheMaintenanceIntervalScheduleliststhepagenumberforthestepby-stepinstructionsrequiredtoaccomplishthescheduledmaintenance.UsetheMaintenanceInterval Scheduleasanindexor"onesafesource"forallmaintenanceprocedures.

MaintenanceIntervals

Usetheservicehourmetertodetermineservicingintervals.Calendarintervalsshown(daily,weekly, monthly,etc.)canbeusedinsteadofservicehourmeterintervalsiftheyprovidemoreconvenient servicingschedulesandapproximatetheindicatedservicehourmeterreading.Recommendedservice shouldalwaysbeperformedattheintervalthatoccursfirst.

Underextremelysevere,dustyorwetoperatingconditions,morefrequentlubricationthanisspecifiedin themaintenanceintervalschartmightbenecessary.

Performserviceonitemsatmultiplesoftheoriginalrequirement.Forexample,atevery500servicehours or3months,alsoservicethoseitemslistedunderevery250servicehoursormonthlyandevery10 servicehoursordaily.

CaliforniaProposition65Warning

DieselengineexhaustandsomeofitsconstituentsareknowntotheStateofCaliforniatocausecancer, birthdefects,andotherreproductiveharm.

Batteryposts,terminalsandrelatedaccessoriescontainleadandleadcompounds.Washhandsafter handling.

CertifiedEngineMaintenance

Propermaintenanceandrepairisessentialtokeeptheengineandmachinesystemsoperatingcorrectly. Astheheavydutyoff-roaddieselengineowner,youareresponsiblefortheperformanceoftherequired maintenancelistedintheOwnerManual,OperationandMaintenanceManual,andServiceManual.

Itisprohibitedforanypersonengagedinthebusinessofrepairing,servicing,selling,leasing,ortrading enginesormachinestoremove,alter,orrenderinoperativeanyemissionrelateddeviceorelementof

designinstalledonorinanengineormachinethatisincompliancewiththeregulations(40CFRPart89). Certainelementsofthemachineandenginesuchastheexhaustsystem,fuelsystem,electricalsystem, intakeairsystemandcoolingsystemmaybeemissionrelatedandshouldnotbealteredunlessapproved byCaterpillar.

MachineCapacity

Additionalattachmentsormodificationsmayexceedmachinedesigncapacitywhichcanadverselyaffect performancecharacteristics.Includedwouldbestabilityandsystemcertificationssuchasbrakes, steering,androlloverprotectivestructures(ROPS).ContactyourCatdealerforfurtherinformation.

CatProductIdentificationNumber

EffectiveFirstQuarter2001theCatProductIdentificationNumber(PIN)haschangedfrom8to17 characters.Inanefforttoprovideuniformequipmentidentification,Caterpillarandotherconstruction equipmentmanufacturersaremovingtocomplywiththelatestversionoftheproductidentification numberingstandard.Non-roadmachinePINsaredefinedbyISO10261.ThenewPINformatwillapplyto allCatmachinesandgeneratorsets.ThePINplatesandframemarkingwilldisplaythe17characterPIN. Thenewformatwilllooklikethefollowing:

4.MachineIndicatorSection(MIS)orProductSequenceNumber(characters10-17).Thesewere previouslyreferredtoastheSerialNumber.

MachinesandgeneratorsetsproducedbeforeFirstQuarter2001willmaintaintheir8characterPIN format.

Componentssuchasengines,transmissions,axles,etc.andworktoolswillcontinuetousean8 characterSerialNumber(S/N).

PrivateNetworkForSISLicensees.

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1.Unlatchtheenginehood.

2.Usehandleinordertoopentheenginehood.

3.Fullyopentheenginehood.Gasspringwilllockinplaceinordertoholdtheenginehoodopen.

OperationofthePushButtonReleasefortheEngineHood

Whenclosingtheenginehood,onlyoperatethepush-button releasebyhand.

Failuretoremovehandsfromthepush-buttonreleasebefore closingtheenginehoodcouldresultinpersonalinjury.

Besuretoremovehandsfromthepush-buttonreleasebefore completelyclosingtheenginehood.

Whenclosingtheenginehood,DoNotoperatethepush-button releasebyfoot.

Operationofthepush-buttonreleasebyfootcouldresultin damagetothegasspringoftheclosingmechanismand/or personalinjury.

Onlyoperatethepush-buttonreleaseforclosingtheengine hoodbyhand.

4.Inordertoclosetheenginehood,supporttheenginehoodwithhandle.Pressthepush-button releasetounlockgasspring.Releasethepushbuttonandslowlyclosetheenginehood.

5.Latchtheenginehood.

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OperationandMaintenanceManual 312D2and313D2Excavators

MediaNumber-SEBU9268-17PublicationDate-01/09/2015DateUpdated-27/06/2019

AirConditioner/CabHeaterFilter(Recirculation)Inspect/Replace

SMCS-1054-510-A/C;1054-040-A/C

NOTICE

Anairrecirculationfilterelementpluggedwithdustwillresult indecreasedperformanceandservicelifetotheairconditioner orcabheater.

Topreventdecreasedperformance,cleanthefilterelement,as required.

Theairconditionerfilterislocatedonthelowerleftsideofthecabbehindtheseat.

1.Slidetheoperatorseatforward.

2.Slidethefilterelementupward.

3.Taptheairfilteragainstthepalmofone’shandinordertoremovethedirt.Donotuse compressedairtocleanthefilter.

4.Afteryoucleanthefilterelement,inspectthefilterelement.Ifthefilterelementisdamagedor badlycontaminated,useanewfilterelement.Makesurethatthefilterelementisdry.

Note:Ensurethatthegratingisattherearoffilterwheninstallingtheairfilter.

5.Installthefilterelement.

NOTICE

Failuretoreinstallthefilterelementfortheairconditioning systemwillcontaminateanddamagethesystemcomponents.

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Battery-Clean

SMCS-1401-070

Cleanthebatterysurfacewithacleancloth.Keeptheterminalscleanandkeeptheterminalscoated withpetroleumjelly.Installthepostcoverafteryoucoattheterminalpostwithpetroleumjelly.

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OperationandMaintenanceManual 312D2and313D2Excavators

MediaNumber-SEBU9268-17PublicationDate-01/09/2015DateUpdated-27/06/2019 i07746330

Battery-Recycle

SMCS-1401-561

Alwaysrecycleabattery.Neverdiscardabattery.

Alwaysreturnusedbatteriestooneofthefollowinglocations:

•Abatterysupplier

•Anauthorizedbatterycollectionfacility

•Recyclingfacility

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OperationandMaintenanceManual 312D2and313D2Excavators

MediaNumber-SEBU9268-17PublicationDate-01/09/2015DateUpdated-27/06/2019

BatteryElectrolyteLevel-Check

SMCS-1401-535;1401-535-FLV

Alllead-acidbatteriescontainsulfuricacidwhichcanburnthe skinandclothing.Alwayswearafaceshieldandprotective clothingwhenworkingonornearbatteries.

Note:Ifthemachineisoperatedinextremetemperatures,checktheelectrolytelevelEvery500 ServiceHoursor3months.

Whentheengineisnotrunforlongperiodsoftimeorwhentheengineisrunforshortperiods,the batteriesmaynotfullyrecharge.Ensureafullchargeinordertohelppreventthebatteryfromfreezing.

1.Cleanthebatterysurfacewithacleancloth.Cleantheterminalsandthecableclamps.Coatthe clampsandtheterminalswithsiliconelubricantorpetroleumjelly.Installthepostcover.

2.Inspecttheelectrolytelevelineachbatterycell.Maintaintheelectrolyteleveltothebottomofthe filleropenings.Usedistilledwater.Ifdistilledwaterisnotavailable,usecleandrinkingwater. Copyright1993-2022CaterpillarInc.

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OperationandMaintenanceManual 312D2and313D2Excavators

MediaNumber-SEBU9268-17PublicationDate-01/09/2015DateUpdated-27/06/2019

BatteryHold-Down-Tighten

SMCS-7257

Tightenthehold-downsforthebatteryinordertopreventthebatteriesfrommovingduringmachine operation.

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Personalinjurycanresultfrombatteryfumesorexplosion.

Batteriesgiveoffflammablefumesthatcanexplode.Electrolyte isanacidandcancausepersonalinjuryifitcontactstheskinor eyes.

Preventsparksnearthebatteries.Sparkscouldcausevaporsto explode.Donotallowjumpercableendstocontacteachother ortheengine.Improperjumpercableconnectionscancausean explosion.

Alwayswearprotectiveglasseswhenworkingwithbatteries.

1.TurnalloftheswitchestotheOFFposition.TurntheenginestartswitchkeytotheOFFposition.

2.TurnthebatterydisconnectswitchtotheOFFposition.Removethekey.

3.Disconnectthenegativebatterycableatthebattery.

4.Disconnectthepositivebatterycableatthebattery.

5.Disconnectthebatterycablesatthebatterydisconnectswitch.Thebatterydisconnectswitchis connectedtothemachineframe.

6.Makenecessaryrepairsorreplacethebattery.

7.Connectthebatterycableatthebatterydisconnectswitch.

8.Connectthepositivebatterycableofthebattery.

9.Connectthenegativebatterycableofthebattery.

10.InstallthekeyandturnthebatterydisconnectswitchtotheONposition.

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OperationandMaintenanceManual

312D2and313D2Excavators

MediaNumber-SEBU9268-17PublicationDate-01/09/2015DateUpdated-27/06/2019

Belts-Inspect/Adjust/Replace

SMCS-1357-025;1357-040;1357-510;1357;1358-025;1358-510;1359-040;1359-510-BE;1359510;1359-025-BE;1359-025;1359-040-BE;1361-040;1361-510-BE;1361-510;1361-025-BE;1361025;1361-040-BE;1397-510;1397-025;1397-040;1405-040;1405-510-BE;1405-025-BE;1405-510; 1405-025;1405-036;1405-040-BE;1802-025;1802-510

Note:Thisengineisequippedwithabelttightenerthatautomaticallyadjuststhebelttothecorrect tension.

1.Unlatchtheenginehoodandraisetheenginehood.

Illustration1g06114636 (A)Newbelt (B)Wornbelt

2.Inspecttheconditionoftheserpentinebelt.Overtimethebeltribswilllosematerial(C).The spacebetweentheribswillincrease(D).Thelossofmaterialwillcausethepulleysheaveto

contactthebeltvalley.Thiswillleadtobeltslippageandacceleratedwear(E).Replacethebeltif thebeltiswornorfrayed.

3.Ifthebeltrequiresreplacement,performStep3.athroughStep3.f.

a.Removetheupperfanguard. Illustration2g03717430

b.Rotatethebelttensionerclockwiseinordertoremovethebelt.

c.Removethebelt.

d.Installanewbelt.

e.Rotatethebelttensionerclockwiseinordertoinstallthebelt.

f.Installtheupperfanguard.

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BladeCuttingEdges-Inspect/Replace-IfEquipped

Personalinjuryordeathcanresultfromafallingblade.

Blockthebladebeforechangingthecuttingedgesandtheend bits.

Checkthecuttingedgeofthebladeandtheendbitsofthebladeforwear.Ifanyofthepartshave signsofunusualwearordamage,replacethepart.

(1)Bolt (2)Cuttingedge (3)Endbit (4)Nut (5)Washer

1.Raisethebladeandplaceblockingunderneaththeblade.

2.Lowerthebladeontotheblocking.

3.Removebolts(1),washers(4)andnuts(5).

4.Removecuttingedge(2)andendbits(3).

5.Cleanthesurfacebetweenthecuttingedgeandtheendbits.

6.Turnthecuttingedgeand/ortheendbitsupside-downifthoseedgesarenotworn.

7.Ifbothsidesofthecuttingedgeandtheendbitsareworn,replacethepartswithnewparts.

8.Installthenewpartsortherotatedpartswithbolts(1).Tightentheboltstoatorqueof 270±40N·m(200±30lbft).

9.Raisethebladeandremovetheblocking.

10.Lowerthebladetotheground.

11.Afterafewhoursofoperation,tightenbolts(1)tothetorquethatisspecifiedinStep8.

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BladeLinkage-Lubricate

SMCS-6060-086

Note:Caterpillarrecommendstheuseof5%molybdenumgreaseforlubricatingthebladelinkage. RefertoSpecialPublication,SEBU6250,"CaterpillarMachineFluidsRecommendations"formore informationonmolybdenumgrease.

Wipeallfittingsbeforeyouapplylubricant.

1.Applylubricantthroughfittings(1).Thesefittingsarelocatedontherodendofthebladecylinder.

2.Applylubricantthroughfittings(2).Thesefittingsarelocatedonthebarthatsupportstheblade.

3.Applylubricantthroughfittings(3).Thesefittingsarelocatedontheheadendoftheblade cylinder.

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OperationandMaintenanceManual 312D2and313D2Excavators

MediaNumber-SEBU9268-17PublicationDate-01/09/2015DateUpdated-27/06/2019

BoomandStickLinkage-Lubricate

SMCS-6501-086;6502-086

Note:Caterpillarrecommendstheuseof5%molybdenumgreaseforlubricatingtheboom,stickand bucketcontrollinkage.RefertoSpecialPublication,SEBU6250,"CaterpillarMachineFluids Recommendations"formoreinformationonmolybdenumgrease. Applylubricantthroughallfittingsafteroperationunderwater. Wipeallfittingsbeforeyouapplylubricant.

1.Applylubricantthroughthefittingatthebaseofeachboomcylinder.

2.Thefittingsareatthebaseoftheboom.Thefittingscanbeservicedfromtheplatformontopof thestoragebox.Tolubricatethelowerboombearings,applylubricantthroughfittings(1)and(2).

3.Applylubricantthroughfittings(3)and(4)fortheboomcylinderrod.

4.Applylubricantthroughfitting(5)forthestickcylinderhead.

Note:Toensureproperlubricationofthelowerboombearingsandoftheboomcylinderrodend bearings,lubricantshouldbeappliedthroughfittings(1),(2),(3),and(4).Applylubricantfirst whentheboomisraisedandanyattachmentissuspended.Thenapplylubricantwhentheboom isloweredandtheattachmentisrestedonthegroundwithaslightdownwardpressure.

5.Applylubricantthroughfitting(6).Fitting(6)isattheconnectionpointoftheboomandofthe stick.

6.Applylubricantthroughfitting(7)onthestickcylinderrod,fitting(8)attheconnectionpointofthe boomandofthestick,andfitting(9)atthebucketcylinderheadend.

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OperationandMaintenanceManual 312D2and313D2Excavators

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BucketLinkage-Inspect/Adjust

SMCS-6513-025;6513-040

Unexpectedmachinemovementcancauseinjuryordeath.

Toavoidpossiblemachinemovement,movethehydraulic lockoutcontroltothelockedpositionandattachaSpecial Instruction,SEHS7332,"DoNotOperate"orsimilarwarningtag tothehydrauliclockoutcontrol.

NOTICE

Improperlyadjustedbucketclearancecouldcausegallingon thecontactsurfacesofthebucketandstick,resultingin excessivenoiseand/ordamagedO-ringseals.

(1)Nogap (2)Stickboss (3)Bucketclearance (4)Shims (5)Pin (6)Plate (7)Bolts (8)Washers (9)Location (10)Flange (11)Bucketboss

Theclearanceofthebucketcontrollinkageonthismachinecanbeadjustedbyshimming.Ifthegap betweenthebucketandthestickbecomesexcessive,adjustbucketclearance(3)to0.5to1mm (.02to.04inch).

Twoshimsofdifferentthicknessareusedatlocation(9).Thethicknessesoftheshimsare0.5mm (0.02inch)and1.0mm(0.04inch).

Areaforlinkageadjustment

1.Positionthemachineonalevelsurfaceandlowerthebuckettotheground.

2.Slowlyoperatetheswingcontrolleveruntilstickboss(2)andthebucketboss(11)areinfullface contactatnogap(1).Thiswillhelptodeterminethetotalclearanceoftheconnectionpointofthe stickandofthebucket.

3.PlacethehydrauliclockoutcontrolintheLOCKEDpositionandstoptheengine.

4.Measurebucketclearance(3),whichistheexistingtotalclearance.

5.Determinethenumberofshimsthatneedtoberemovedfromshims(4)byusingthefollowing calculation:

Subtract0.5mm(0.02inch)or1.0mm(0.04inch)frombucketclearance(3).

6.Removetheappropriatenumberofshimsatlocation(9)inordertomeettheabovethickness. Makesurethatyouuseaminimumofthree0.5mm(0.02inch)shims.Toremovetheshims, removebolts(7),washers(8),andplate(6).

7.Afterthecorrectnumberofshimshasbeenremovedandpin(5)isalignedwiththepinhole, installplate(6),washers(8),andbolts(7).Tightenbolts(7)toatorqueof240±40N·m (175±30lbft).

8.Afterinstallation,makesurethatbucketclearance(3)isstillcorrect.

FriApr2216:29:30UTC+05302022

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