Service Manual A30F Articulated Hauler
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Service Information Document Title: Basic check, transmission
Function Group: 090
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001Purpose of the basic check The purpose of the basic check is to provide fast and accurate information about the general condition of the transmission. The normal work procedure is to perform the basic check following collection of basic data, reading out error codes and checking parameters, if it has not been possible to determine the cause of the malfunction up to that point. The basic check's tests should be run and evaluated according to instructions in Tech Tool. Tests included in the basic check The first step in the basic check is to operate the machine, to test-run the vehicle. The basic check is then divided into the following tests, which should be performed in the order that they are listed, after reading out error codes, checking parameters and operating (test-running)the machine. Tests: 1. 2. 3.
40012-3 Gear selector position sensor, test The test is used to check that the selected gear position is correctly read in the control unit. 40026-3 PWM-valves clutches and brakes, test The test is used to check the PWM valves in the transmission control system. 42002-3 PWM valve main oil pressure gearbox, test The test is used to check the PWM valve that regulates main oil pressure to the transmission.
Service Information Document Title: Basic checks
Function Group: 090
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001The normal work order (see also Troubleshooting strategy) for troubleshooting is: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
collection of basic data Error code check and symptom troubleshooting Tech Tool tests Basic checks Contact local product support
The basic checks are done before local product support is contacted, if the cause of the malfunction has not been deteremined before that. The basic check(s) to be performed is determined by the information obtained when basic data was collected, see Collection of basic data. Basic checks are done on each system. The purpose of the basic check is to give information about the condition of the specific system. Each basic check is divided into a number of checks to be performed in order. Basic checks: Engine, basic check Electrical system, basic check Power transmission, basic check Brake system, basic check Parking brake, basic check Steering and hydraulics, basic check
Service Information Document Title: Collection of basic data
Function Group: 090
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001The first step in all troubleshooting work is collection of basic data to quickly get a good picture of how the problem manifests itself. In addition to information about machine and customer, it is important to get as much information as possible about events in connection with the occurrence of the malfunction. The operator can often provide valuable information on the prevailing circumstances when the malfunction occurred since the operator is almost always the first to detect a problem. Often, the malfunction or perceived problems are difficult to recreate if the circumstances are not exactly the same. In these instances in particular, the information from the operator is vital to being able to make correct assessments when continuing troubleshooting. Use the questions below to interview the operator. Note the responses to the questions and save them together with the work order. General data Note relevant general data such as: Customer information Dealer information The operator Machine specifications: Machine model and serial number (PIN – Product Identification Number) Machine hours Problem description Describe the malfunction. Have any error codes been generated? Have any updates for software or hardware been done recently on the machine? Have any actions, e.g., calibration or repairs, been done to try to solve the problem? When did the malfunction occur? How was the malfunction detected and what happened just before it was noticed? Were there any other malfunctions at the same time or just before the problem occurred? Does the malfunction reappear? How often does the malfunction occur? How long does the malfunction last when it occurs? Under what operating conditions does the problem appear? Are there external conditions that have an impact? Does the operator have an idea of what may be the probable cause of the malfunction? Does the problem still exist? Engine data Is the engine difficult to start? Is there abnormal smoke development?
Are there abnormal engine sounds? Have changes in fuel consumption, oil consumption or power been confirmed? What type of fuel is used? Are additives used in the fuel? If yes, which ones? What repairs or other work has been performed on the engine? Other information? Power transmission, data What type of oil is used? Are additives used in the oil? If yes, which ones? When was the last oil change? Are the tires of the same dimension? What repairs or other work has been performed on the transmission? Other information? Brake system, data What type of oil is used? Are additives used in the oil? If yes, which ones? When was the last oil change? When was the last oil filter change? Is there abnormal heat generation from one or several wheels? What repairs or other work has been performed on the brake system? Other information? Steering and hydraulics, data What type of oil is used? Are additives used in the oil? If yes, which ones? When was the last oil change? When was the last oil filter change? What repairs or other work has been performed on the steering system? Other information?
Service Information Document Title: Description, machine
Function Group: complete 000
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001The machine consists of two main sections, the tractor unit and the load unit. The two units are joined by the frame joint, which allows movement about a vertical bearing for steering. The frame joint also allows twisting of the units in relation to each other along a horizontal axis. Engine The machine is equipped with a straight six cylinder, four-stroke, turbocharged diesel engine with direct injection and intercooler (charge-air cooler). The engine has an overhead camshaft and one unit injector per cylinder. The cylinder head is common for all cylinders and has four valves per cylinder. D11L (machine model G) The engine meets the emission requirements for US Tier 4 Final and California Tier 4 Final as well as EU's Stage IV. The engine requires fuel with low sulphur content and is equipped with an exhaust aftertreatment system (EATS), which consists of a catalyst (catalytic converter) and injection of AdBlue®/DEF. The system is monitored and controlled by the aftertreatment control module (ACM). D11F (machine model F) The engine meets emission requirements for Stage II. The engine can handle fuels with higher sulphur content than engine D11L. Electrical system Machine model G has eight control units (ECU). Machine model F has six control units (ECU). V–ECU Located on the left side in the cab in front of the circuit board. The V-ECU is the upper of the two ECUs. Handles brakes, gearshifting, steering, and cooling fan control on the machine. V2-ECU Located on the left side in the cab in front of the circuit board. The V2-ECU is the lower of the two ECUs. Handles dumping system, brake cooling system, ATC, and differential locks. W-ECU Located on the left side in the cab over the circuit board. Handles CareTrack. (Telematic system for remote monitoring of information from the machine). HMIM Located on the left side in the cab over the circuit board. Handles information for the operator via instrumentation, information display unit, warning lights, and instruments. ECC Located in the cab on the right side under the gear selector. Handles the climate control system. Only applies to machine model G: ECM (E-ECU) Located on the left side of the engine. Handles the engine.
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ACM Located under the engine hood on the leading edge of the right front fender. Handles the exhaust aftertreatment system. Engine Gateway Located on the front cab wall under the left instrument panel. Handles communication between the engine system and the machine system. Only applies to machine model F: E–ECU Located on the left side of the engine. Handles the engine. Power transmission The transmission is fully automatic and of the planetary gear type. It has a torque converter with free-wheel stator and automatic direct clutch (Lock-up) in all gears. The machine has six forward gears and two reverse gears. The dropbox has a differential of the dog-clutch type which distributes torque equally between the front axle and rear axles, reducing tire and road wear, as well as fuel consumption. The longitudinal differential features a lock function. ATC, Automatic Traction Control, automatically controls engagement and disengagement of the longitudinal differential lock and 6–wheel drive as needed. The drive axles are equipped with a differential of dog-clutch type and planetary gear hub reductions. All drive axles have a differential lock. Brake system Engine brake Depending on setting of switches, an engine brake is available to reduce wear of the brakes. Service brake The machine is equipped with 2–circuit, fully hydraulically controlled, and self-adjusting wet brakes, one brake circuit for the tractor unit and one for the load unit. The brake units consist of fully sealed, oil-cooled disc brakes with external cooling. The brake system and hydraulic system have a common oil tank. The brake cooling system has a separate oil tank. Parking brake The parking brake is of the self-adjusting spring brake type and acts on the propeller shaft for the two front axles. The longitudinal differential lock in the dropbox is engaged at the same time as the parking brake is applied, which means that the propeller shafts locks the front axle and the front bogie axle. The parking brake has a separate compressed air circuit for brake release. Steering system The steering system is self-compensating, hydromechanical with secondary steering function. A ground-dependent pump on the dropbox means that the steering works even if the engine stops. Suspension GHS (Gas Hydraulic Suspension) The machine's tractor unit features GHS (Gas Hydraulic Suspension) on the front axle; two hydraulic cylinders filled with oil and nitrogen gas. The cylinders act as both springs and shock absorbers. Machines with GHS can lean sideways a little, depending on the individual wheel suspension and uneven weight distribution due to how much fuel there is in the diesel tank. Cab The cab features an automatically controlled heating and ventilation system with defroster system for the windows. Air conditioning is available as an option. The cab has three emergency exits, the door and the front side windows on both right and left side. These are broken with the hammer in the cab if evacuation is necessary that way. FOPS and ROPS The cab is approved as a protective cab according to FOPS and ROPS standards, see page CE-marking, EMC-directive. FOPS is an abbreviation of Falling Objects Protective Structure (roof protection) and ROPS is an an abbreviation of Roll Over Protective Structure (roll over protection). If any part of the cab's protective design features is affected by plastic deformation or cracks, the cab must be replaced immediately. Never make any unauthorized changes to the cab, e.g., lowering the roof height, drilling, welding on of brackets for fire extinguishers, radio antenna, or other equipment without first discussing the modifications, via a dealer, with personnel at
Volvo CE's design and engineering department. They will decide if the modification can lead to the approval becoming invalid. Hydraulics The hydraulic system consists of five hydraulic pumps of piston type, with continuous variable displacement. There are two pumps for the steering and dumping system, two for fan drive, and one ground-dependent hydraulic pump mounted on the dropbox. The radiator's fan pump also supplies the brake system with flow via a hydraulic valve that switches between brake charging and fan drive/brake cooling. The ground-dependent pump delivers oil, via a non-return valve, to the steering system when the machine is rolling forwards. Dumping system The machine features an electric dump lever which sends an electric signal to two electro-hydraulic valves. These send a hydraulic signal to the dumping valve which controls the load body's movement. The machine has damping at the upper and lower load body positions.
Service Information Document Title: Function Group: Information and warning 000 decals
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001The operator should know, follow, and pay attention to warnings and information stated on decals and plates. All plates/ decals are not installed on all machines since they are dependent on market and machine. The decals must be kept free from dirt, so that they are legible and easy to understand. Decals/plates that have been lost, damaged, painted over, or no longer are legible for other reasons, must be replaced immediately. The part number (order number) of the each plate/decal can be found in the Parts Catalogue. NOTE! The text "WARNING" is stated on warning decals in North America.
Figure 1
Figure 2 1. Attaching point for lashing Spare part number: 16846343
Figure 3 2. Avoid aiming water jets at sound absorbents Spare part number: 13935005
Figure 4 3. WARNING! Do not operate downhill with the gear selector Figure 5 in neutral. Only change gear with the accelerator released. 4. Retarder diagram Spare part number USA: 13935051 Spare part number A25F and A25G: 17411098 Spare part number, all other markets: 15064504 Spare part number A30F and A30G: 17411100
Figure 6 5. Oil fill point transmission Spare part number: 11197518
Figure 7 6. Emergency exit Spare part number: 11116814
Figure 9
Figure 8 7. WARNING! Risk of crushing – articulated frame steering Spare part number USA: 13935000 Spare part number, all other markets: 15048526
8. WARNING! Do not stand within the work area of a reversing machine Spare part number USA: 15180541 Spare part number, all other markets: 15048777
Figure 10
Figure 11
9. WARNING! Do not lean in under raised load body unless NOTE! Only USA-market. 10. WARNING! Before connecting start cables, read the it is blocked Operator's Manual Spare part number USA: 13935019 Spare part number USA: 13935004 Spare part number, all other markets: 15048231
Figure 12 11. Hydraulic oil Spare part number: 13935018
Figure 14 13. Sound pressure level (LpA) in cab Spare part number 70 dB: 11180148 Spare part number 72 dB: 11180150 Spare part number 74 dB: 11180152
Figure 13 12. Fuel Spare part number: 11055037
Figure 15 14. Sound power level (LwA) outside machine Spare part number 110 dB: 11180165 Spare part number 111 dB: 11180166 Spare part number 108 dB (optional equipment): 11196588 Spare part number 109 dB (optional equipment): 11196589
Figure 16
Figure 17
15. Compartment for Operator's Manual Spare part number: 15164402
NOTE! Only USA-market. 16. Hydraulic oil. Do not mix with engine oil. Spare part number: 11192288
Figure 18 17. WARNING! Hot surfaces Spare part number USA: 14531179 Spare part number, all other markets: 15048695
Figure 20 19. Service decal Spare part number: 16872868
Figure 19 18. Oil fill point dropbox Spare part number: 15170937
Figure 21 20. Engine hood Spare part number: 11116228
Figure 22
Figure 23
21. Read the Operator's Manual Spare part number USA: 13935003 Spare part number, all other markets: 15048315
22. System/component with pressure Spare part number: 4948092
Figure 25 Figure 24 23. WARNING! Hot coolant Spare part number: 14526798
24. Brake cooling oil Spare part number: 11116416
Figure 26
Figure 27
25. Synthetic ester Spare part number: 11411924
25. Mineral oil for warm climate Spare part number: 15079569
Figure 29 Figure 28
27. WARNING! Only use Volvo coolant VCS – read the Operator's Manual 26. Air conditioning filled with R134a. Opening pressure, Spare part number: 11445056 safety valve (optional equipment) Spare part number: 16866171
Figure 30 28. Fuel decal Max 10 ppm SULFUR (only EU). Spare part number: 15186257
Figure 31 29. Fuel decal Max. 15 ppm SULPHUR (only USA). Spare part number: 15152938
Figure 33 Figure 32
32. Hydraulic oil 30. WARNING! The machine may not carry a heavier load Spare part number: 4948103 than that which is stated on the decal (only on machines with body extensions for light materials). Spare part number: 11125767, 11125707
Figure 34 33. Brake cooling oil Spare part number: 15042783
Figure 35 35. Tire pressure
Spare part number A25F/A25G: 16896178 Spare part number A30F/A30G: 16896181
Figure 36 NOTE! Only USA-market. 36. WARNING! High pressure in the brake system Spare part number: 4952166
Figure 37 NOTE! Only USA-market. 37. WARNING! Spring under high pressure Spare part number: 4952177
Figure 38 NOTE! Only USA-market. Figure 39 38. Disconnect the steering joint lock before moving the machine NOTE! Only USA-market. Spare part number: 15002441 39. Do not use flammable gas in the air intake. Risk of fire. Spare part number: 11013034
Figure 40 NOTE! Only USA-market. 40. Information compressed air system. Turn off the engine and depressurize the systems before checking and servicing. Spare part number: 11116789
Figure 41 41. Apply the parking brake before leaving the operator's seat Spare part number: 15140831
Figure 42 NOTE! Only USA-market. 42. Information diesel exhausts
Figure 43 44. The machine is equipped with other fluids than normal for operating in temperatures down to -40° Spare part number: 16814210
Spare part number: 11046865
Figure 44 45. The machine has coolant with another mix ratio than Figure 45 normal for operating in temperatures down to -45 °C 46. Overhung tailgate Spare part number: 11192569 Spare part number USA: 16874397 Spare part number, all other markets: 16843775
Figure 46 47. Strobe light and sound Fire Suppression System (Optional equipment) Spare part number: 15126353
Figure 47 48. Extinguishing agent tank decal Fire Suppression System (Optional equipment) Spare part number: 15149324
Figure 48 49. Manual activation Fire Suppression System (Optional equipment) Spare part number: 15126559
Figure 49 50. Inner activation button Fire Suppression System (Optional equipment) Spare part number: 15126372
Figure 50 51. Battery disconnector Fire Suppression System (Optional equipment) Spare part number: 11026729 Figure 51 52. Handheld fire extinguisher Fire Suppression System (Optional equipment) Spare part number: 15126327
Figure 52
Figure 53
53. Emergency switch Spare part number: 16892452
54. Service switch Spare part number: 16892452
Service Information Document Title: Function Group: Product identification 000 plates
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001The illustration and text below show the product plates that should be found on the machine. When ordering spare parts and when making enquiries by telephone or correspondence, the model designation and Product Identification Number (PIN) should be stated.
Figure 1
1.
The product plate (see detailed figure below) is located on the left side of the tractor unit's frame by the steering joint and includes: manufacturer's name and address model/type number for complete machine Product Identification Number (PIN) machine weight (machine's most common configuration +10%) engine power year of manufacture month of manufacture (only countries within Eurasian Customs Union) country of manufacture assembled space for CE-mark (only countries within EU/EEC) or EAC-mark (only countries within Eurasian Customs Union)
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
The machine's serial number is stamped into the frame on the left side of the tractor unit, by the steering joint. The drive axles' serial numbers are located on the axle housing. The dropbox's serial number is located at the front, on its right side. The transmission's type designation and serial number are located on its left side. The decal ”Important Engine Information” is located on the front of the engine and on the left side of the tractor unit's frame by the steering joint. The engine's type designation, part number, and serial number are stamped into the engine on both sides. Cab type, type approval, and serial number are located on the left side in the cab, on the pillar to the left of the door (seen from inside the cab), closest to the rear window. Engine and exhaust decal with the engine's type designation and component number.
Product plate Version A
Version B
Figure 2 Worldwide
Figure 3 Worldwide
Figure 4 Countries within EU/EEC
Figure 5 Countries within Eurasian Customs Union
Service Information Document Title: Tech Tool, operations
Function Group: 090
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001-
Figure 1
Tech Tool Tech Tool is a PC-based tool developed to make troubleshooting work easier. With Tech Tool operations, components/ functions can be activated and error messages and values can be read out. NOTE! New operations are developed continuously. For a current list of operations, see Tech Tool. Group
Operation no., Test
1. Service
Tech Tool, operations
2. Engine
Tech Tool, operations
3. Electrical system
Tech Tool, operations
4. Power transmission
Tech Tool, operations
5. Brakes
Tech Tool, operations
7. Suspension
Tech Tool, operations
8. Cab
Tech Tool, operations
9. Hydraulics
Tech Tool, operations
Service Information Document Title: Troubleshooting strategy
Function Group: 090
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001NOTE! For all troubleshooting, follow the safety instructions in the relevant machines' Operator's Manuals and Service Manuals.
Figure 1 During all troubleshooting it is important to follow a strategy to be able to exclude failure causes, part by part. Troubleshooting shall be performed in a number of predefined steps to be as effective as possible. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Collection of basic data – Questions that should be asked of the operator to determine the nature of the malfunction and the conditions under which it occurred, see Collection of basic data. Read out error codes – Troubleshoot using error code information, see Error codes, showing and diagnostics part in PROSIS. Troubleshoot symptoms – Check in PROSIS diagnostics part if relevant symptom troubleshooting is available. Troubleshoot using this information. Tech Tool – Look for and perform relevant checks in Tech Tool, see Tech Tool, operations. Perform basic checks – If there are no relevant error codes and there is no symtom troubleshooting, perform basic checks, see Basic checks. Product support – Contact your local product support for information. Provide them with information from collection of basic data, basic checks, as well as any other test results.
In addition to these points, in PROSIS and in the Service Manual there are descriptions for components and functions, diagrams, as well as function checks that are to be used during troubleshooting.
Service Information Document Title: Troubleshooting, devices
Function Group: assistant 090
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001To facilitate and make troubleshooting more effective there are a number of tools available, such as the service manual, the information display unit, and Tech Tool. Service Manual The service manual contains service information for troubleshooting, such as Troubleshooting strategy; How to perform effective and systematic troubleshooting; see Troubleshooting strategy Collection of basic data; The questions that the operator ought to be asked to determine the nature of the malfunction and the conditions under which it occurred. See Collection of basic data. Error code information; Display all error codes; see Error codes, showing. Parameters; Display of machine and customer parameters; see Software parameters, description. Basic checks; Each main system, e.g. engine or electrical system, undergoes a basic check. The aim is to quickly and securely gain information on the condition of the subsystems of the main systems. See Basic checks. PROSIS diagnostics part PROSIS diagnostics part can be used for troubleshooting with error codes. Display unit The information display unit can be used to read out error codes and warning displays, see Information display, general. Tech Tool Tech Tool is a PC-based tool developed to make troubleshooting work easier. With Tech Tool, components/functions can be activated and error messages and values can be read out.
Service Information Document Title: Transporting the machine
Function Group: 176
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
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A30F Volvo SN 320001Loading/unloading machine
WARNING Risk of crushing. Anyone being trapped between the tractor unit and the frame could suffer severe or lethal injuries. Beware of the frame joint when the engine is running. The steering joint must be locked during service work, as well as when lifting and transporting the machine.
Figure 1
1.
Steering joint lock
Steering joint lock Apply the parking brake. Stand the machine completely straight. Remove the pin from the holder bracket and connect the steering joint lock. Install and secure the pin. Turn off the engine. Do not forget to unlock the steering joint and secure the steering joint lock in the intended brackets before the machine is used again.
WARNING Risk of overturning. A machine can cause serious or fatal injuries if it rolls over while being driven onto the platform of a transport vehicle. Make sure that the transport vehicle is braked with the wheels blocked. Secure the driving ramps steadily so that the
machine cannot roll over or sway. Transport on another vehicle If the machine is driven up onto another vehicle the steering joint should not be locked. Lock the steering joint when the machine is in position on the transport vehicle. The transport vehicle must be securely braked and have its wheels blocked. If the machine is lifted, the steering joint must be locked. Over ramp First, check that the ramp is wide enough, strong enough, and that it cannot shift sideways. In other respects follow the national rules and regulations. Load-securing of machine Load-securing of machine includes: Instructions for load-securing Load-securing instructions, machined loaded with the front facing forward Load-securing instructions, machined loaded with the rear facing forward Instructions for load-securing The instructions on the following pages only apply if the following conditions are fulfilled: Acceleration requirements[1] The machine is subjected to the following maximal accelerations; 0.8 g forward, 0.5 g backward, 0.5 g sideways, and 0.2 g upward. Accelerations forward, backward, and sideways occur individually and are combined with 1 g downward. Acceleration upward is not combined with other accelerations. A safety factor of 1.25 has been used to accommodate consideration of uneven loading of the tie-downs/lashings. Without the safety factor the load-securing setup can handle being subjected to the acceleration 1 g forward. The machine The machine (with or without equipment) is from Volvo Construction Equipment. The machine's weight does not exceed 28 000 kg (61,730 lbs). The machine has new or normally used rubber tires or wood-covered rims of pine or birch. If the wood-covering is made of birch, rubber spacers should be used between the wood-covering and the trailer surface to attain the friction 0.5. If rubber spacers are not used, the friction is only 0.2. FS-machines are lowered to their bottom position. Loading and securing on the load carrier The machine is centred sideways (± 5 cm (2 in)) on the load carrier, with support for at least half the tire width. The parking brake is applied and fully operational, and is able to hold the machine on a grade of at least 14° (25%). The steering joint is locked. The machine is loaded and secured in such a way that tires, painted surfaces, and other sensitive parts are not damaged. Load carrier The machine is loaded on a vehicle with a trailer bed made of wood, plywood (plyfa), rippled aluminium, painted or unpainted steel plates. Sideways (lateral) distance between tie-down/lashing points is approx. 2,500 mm (100 in). Tie-down points have at least the same strength as the lashings. Tie-downs (lashings) The tie-downs/lashings are preloaded to at least 4,000 N (400 kg) during the entire transport. The lashings are positioned symmetrically in pairs and are secured to the intended lashing eyes on the machine. Only one lashing may be secured to each lashing eye on the load carrier.
The tie-down hooks must not be able to slip and lose their grip if the lashings become slack. Safe load on the chain (MSL/LC/SWL) is at least 50% of the Minimum breaking load (MBL). Dampers may be needed on lashings, especially for machines that are transported on rubber tires, that are short and vertical to reduce the jerking and shocks to which the chains may be subjected. If lashings with differing breaking strength are used the instruction for lashing with the lowest breaking strength shall be used. The following applies if wheel blocks are used or the machine is blocked against goose-neck: Wheel blocks are well fastened, have an angle of 37° (3:4:5), a height of min. 25 cm (10 in), and are positioned in pairs; 1. 2, 3, or 4 pairs according to tables with block positioning. Contact between rubber tires/wood-covered rims and wheel slots corresponds to use of wheel blocks. Blocking of the rear part of the machine or the wheel pairs in the travel direction up to at least half the wheel radius against goose-neck or similar in the travel direction prevents forward movement. Blocking of adequate height against the inside or outside of the wheels prevents sideways movement. Load-securing instructions, machined loaded with the front facing forward
Figure 2
F = Travel direction L is the distance between the points D and E D is the projected point straight sideways at right angles to the trailer edge from the tie-down point C on the machine E is the tie-down point on the trailer edge. L , L , and L are the same as L . Friction surface: Rubber, pine, birch with rubber spacers (clean and dry or wet)
µ = 0.5
Lashings' permitted spacing interval in metres (1 m = 39.4 in) Wheel blocks
or
Chain min. class 8 Ø10 mm MBL 12 tons, LC 60 kN Chain min. class 8 Ø13 mm MBL 20 tons, LC 100 (6 tons) kN (10 tons)
blocked against gooseneck [T1]
L (crossed)
No wheel blocks
Non-permitted lashing alternative
1 pair
1.1–3.0
0.4–1.0
0.8–1.8
2 pairs
0.3–3.0
Not needed 0.8–1.8
3 pairs
L
L
L (crossed) L (crossed)
L
L
L (crossed)
1.0–3.0
Not needed 0.8–1.8
1.5–3.0
1.5–3.0
1.0–3.0
0.4–1.8
0.9–3.0
1.5–3.0
0.3–3.0
0.4–1.8
0.9–3.0
0.3–3.0
Not needed Not needed 0.9–3.0
0.3–3.0
Not needed 0.5–3.0
Blocking forward
1.1–3.0
0.4–1.0
1.0–3.0
Not needed 0.3–3.0
Blocking sideways
Non-permitted lashing alternative
1.0–3.0
0.8–1.8
Blocking forward and sideways
1.1–3.0
1.0–3.0
Not needed 0.3–3.0
4 pairs
0.4–1.0
Not needed 0.3–3.0
Not needed 0.3–3.0
1.5–3.0
[T1]See also section “If wheel blocks are used or the machine is blocked against goose-neck, the following also applies" Friction surface: Frost, ice, snow, dirt, birch without rubber spacers
µ = 0.2
Lashings' permitted spacing interval in metres (1 m = 39.4 in) Wheel blocks or blocked against gooseneck [T1]
Chain min. class 8 Ø10 mm MBL 12 tons, LC 60 kN Chain min. class 8 Ø13 mm MBL 20 tons, LC 100 (6 tons) kN (10 tons)
No wheel blocks
Non-permitted lashing alternative
L (crossed)
L
L
L (crossed) L (crossed)
1 pair
L
L
L (crossed)
1.2–3.0
0.2–1.0
0.9–1.8
1.9–3.0
1.2–3.0
0.2–1.0
0.5–1.8
1.1–3.0
2 pairs
0.4–3.0
0.0–1.0
1.2–1.8
1.9–3.0
0.3–3.0
Not needed 0.5–1.8
1.1–3.0
3 pairs
0.4–3.0
0.0–1.0
0.3–1.8
0.9–3.0
0.3–3.0
Not needed 0.2–1.8
0.5–3.0
4 pairs
0.3–3.0
0.0–1.0
0.3–1.8
0.9–3.0
Blocking forward
Non-permitted lashing alternative
1.2–3.0
0.2–1.0
Not needed 0.3–3.0
Blocking sideways
1.2–3.0
0.2–1.0
0.9–1.8
Blocking forward and sideways
1.2–3.0
0.2–1.0
Not needed 0.3–3.0
1.9–3.0
[T1]See also section “If wheel blocks are used or the machine is blocked against goose-neck, the following also applies" Load-securing instructions, machined loaded with the rear facing forward Values and instructions in the table below only apply if the conditions described earlier in the section under the heading “Instructions for load-securing” are fulfilled.
Figure 3
F = Travel direction L is the distance between the points D and E D is the projected point straight sideways at right angles to the trailer edge from the tie-down point C on the machine E is the tie-down point on the trailer edge. L , L , and L are the same as L . Friction surface: Rubber, pine, birch with rubber spacers (clean and dry or wet)
µ = 0.5
Lashings' permitted spacing interval in metres (1 m = 39.4 in) Wheel blocks or blocked against gooseneck [T1]
Chain min. class 8 Ø10 mm MBL 12 tons, LC 60 kN (6 tons)
Chain min. class 8 Ø13 mm MBL 20 tons, LC 100 kN (10 tons)
L (crossed)
L (crossed)
No wheel blocks
Non-permitted lashing alternative
L
L
L (crossed)
1.1–3.0
2 pairs
0.3–3.0 0.3–3.0
Not needed
Not needed
0.8–3.0
0.3–3.0
Blocking forward
1.0–3.0
0.5–1.8
Not needed
0.3–3.0
1.1–3.0
Blocking sideways
Non-permitted lashing alternative
Blocking
1.0–3.0
4 pairs
0.5–1.8
Not
L
L (crossed)
Non-permitted lashing alternative
1 pair 3 pairs
L
Not needed
Not needed
0.2–1.0
1.2–3.0
0.2–1.0
1.2–3.0
Not needed
0.5–3.0
Not needed
0.3–3.0
Non-permitted lashing alternative 0.3–3.0
1.1–3.0
Not
Not
0.3–3.0
forward and sideways
needed
needed
needed
[T1]See also section “If wheel blocks are used or the machine is blocked against goose-neck, the following also applies" Friction surface: Frost, ice, snow, dirt, birch without rubber spacers
µ = 0.2
Lashings' permitted spacing interval in metres (1 m = 39.4 in) Wheel blocks or blocked against gooseneck [T1]
Chain min. class 8 Ø10 mm MBL 12 tons, LC 60 kN Chain min. class 8 Ø13 mm MBL 20 tons, LC 100 (6 tons) kN (10 tons)
No wheel blocks
Non-permitted lashing alternatives
L (crossed)
L
L
L (crossed) L (crossed)
L
L
L (crossed)
Non-permitted lashing alternatives
1 pair
1.0–3.0
0.3–1.8
0.4–1.0
1.2–3.0
2 pairs
0.3–3.0
Not needed 0.4–1.0
1.2–3.0
3 pairs
0.4–3.0
0.0–1.8
0.2–1.0
1.1–3.0
0.3–3.0
4 pairs
0.3–3.0
Blocking forward
1.6–3.0
0.7–1.8
0.0–1.0
0.3–3.0
1.0–3.0
Blocking sideways
Non-permitted lashing alternatives
Blocking forward and sideways
1.6–3.0
0.7–1.8
0.0–1.0
0.3–1.8
Not needed 0.3–3.0
Non-permitted lashing alternatives 0.3–3.0
1.0–3.0
0.3–1.8
Not needed 0.3–3.0
[T1]See also section “If wheel blocks are used or the machine is blocked against goose-neck, the following also applies" Action to take before towing and recovery See Recovering and towing or Operator's manual, section "Operating". [1]Acceleration requirements fulfill the basic requirements in almost all countries' rules and standards for on-road transport. However, some countries have national rules and guidelines that may require increased amounts of or alternative blocking against goose-neck and/or lashing.
Service Information Document Title: Recovering and towing
Function Group: 176
Information Type: Service Information
Date: 12/19/2024
Profile: A30F Volvo SN 320001-
Recovering and towing Showing Selected Profile Valid for serial numbers Model
Production site
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A30F Volvo SN 320001-
WARNING Risk of runaway machine. Improper recovering or towing methods or faulty equipment could cause the machine to break away from the towing vehicle, causing accidents, serious injury or death. Always apply parking brake and block the wheels to prevent the machine from moving while attaching the towing equipment.
WARNING Risk of fatal accidents by runaway machine. Loss of braking function and steering function could cause serious injury or death by runaway machine. If the engine cannot be started, towing must only be performed in an emergency situation by trained personnel and only the shortest possible distance with very low speed. If possible, transport the machine on a trailer. If possible, the engine should be running while recovering/towing the machine to ensure satisfactory braking and steering performance. Recovering Use a towbar, heavy-gauge cable or chain connected to the towing eyes at the front or rear of the machine to tow the machine to a suitable place or passable road. Towbar, heavy-gauge cable, or chain in use must be dimensioned for the machine weight. Both towing eyes shall be used to prevent shear loads and stress on the frames. Make sure that nobody is within the danger zone. Towing If the machine has to be towed to a workshop after recovery, use a towbar or heavy-gauge towing cable connected to the front towing eyes. A towbar must always be used if the machine that is to be towed has no brake function. The towing vehicle or machine must always be at least as heavy as the towed machine and have sufficient engine and braking power to tow and brake both machines on uphill and downhill grades. Always tow the shortest possible distance. Max. permitted speed when towing is 10 km/h (6.2 mph). If possible, use a trailer. NOTE! The engine cannot be started by towing the vehicle. NOTE!
The machine must be unloaded when recovering or towing. Otherwise there is a risk that the frame joint may fail. Case 1 (with engine running) The gear selector should be in neutral and the parking brake should be released. The machine can be towed for 10 km without taking special action. Case 2 (without engine running) The following actions must be taken before towing without the engine running. NOTE! Towbar shall always be used when towing without engine since it cannot be ensured that there are brakes. Towbar is connected. Chain or cable not permitted. Parking brake is released mechanically. Propeller shaft is disconnected between transmission and dropbox. Connecting towing vehicles NOTE! The towbar must be dimensioned for the relevant machine weight. NOTE! Both towing eyes must be used to prevent shear loading of the frames. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Make sure that the machine cannot start to roll Connect a towbar Release the parking brake, see Parking brake, manually releasing In relevant cases, disconnect the propeller shaft between the transmission and dropbox, see Propeller shaft between transmission and dropbox, removing Remove the blocking from the wheels
WARNING Risk of fatal accidents. The parking brake will not work after being released manually. The towed machine may go faster than the towing vehicle. This may cause fatal accidents and may result in serious injuries or death. Always use a towbar. Make sure that the tow vehicle has sufficient braking to stop both the machine and the towed vehicle.
WARNING Risk of serious injury or death by crushing. To leave a machine without restoring the parking brake function could result in serious damage and fatal injuries. Tag the steering wheel with information that the parking brake function has been disabled. Do not operate the machine until the parking brake is restored. Mechanical release of parking brake The parking brake can be released manually if it cannot be released with the switch when there is no compressed air, electric power, or brake pressure, see Parking brake, manually releasing. Always release the parking brake mechanically when towing for long distances. Removing the propeller shaft Since the transmission is not lubricated when the engine is not running, the propeller shaft between the transmission and dropbox shall be removed, see Propeller shaft between transmission and dropbox, removing. Lubrication to the dropbox is maintained at the same time as the machine can be steered using the secondary steering. After recovering/towing
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