Eb 2015 mar

an Annex Publishing & Printing inc. publication • volume 51 • issUE 3

March 2015 T&BCover_EB_July.indd 1

2013-06-17 12:40 PM

Motors... repair or replace? Also in this issue...

PM # 40065710

• Interactive smart grid zones for energy efficiency • 2015 CE Code goes interactive • The House of Unlimited Budget: electric snow-melt systems

DriveRx® VFD Cable 2“

1000 VOLT – CSA

GET YOUR MOTOR RUNNING Nexans_EB_March.indd 1 EB_March2015.indd 1

LEAD FREE RoHS 2015-02-10 10:33 AM 2015-03-04 1:56 PM

ad elec bus nov jbox w 12 inch tab_Layout 1 11/26/2014 3:02 PM Page 1

What happens when you think inside the box? NOW ! e l b a Avail

12"

✓ Hand-close Fasteners ✓ Integrated Gasket ✓ Molded Mounting Feet ✓ Smooth Flat Cover ✓ Gridlines for drilling

To get the full picture go to

scepterinnovation.ca Install Videos

Toll Free: 866-473-9462 | www.ipexelectrical.com

Free Sample

3D Model

Tough Products for Tough Environments ® Products are manufactured by IPEX Electrical Inc.

Ipex_EB_Dec.indd EB_March2015.indd 1 2

2014-11-26 2015-03-04 3:36 1:56PM PM

from the editor

Take a step into a bigger world

B

“But there’s one thing missing: you... because there is nothing like being there.”

oth readers of Electrical Business and visitors to EBMag.com know that our team gets out to as many industry events across the country as possible to bring back unique news and views for the benefit of all Canadian electrical professionals. But there’s one thing missing: you... because there is nothing like being there. We can tell you about the speakers we heard, and what they spoke about. We can show you photos of people and new products—and perhaps even shoot some video to give you a better feel of an event—but that doesn’t hold a candle to actually sitting down with your peers and talking shop. So while we always list upcoming events on our Calendar page (and more online at EBMag.com/Events), please take note of the following Spring events (which are assumed to be open to everyone) where, you guessed it, EB will be there! Alberta Electrical League (AEL) is hosting its annual one-day Learning Expo in Calgary, March 25, calling it an “unmatched opportunity” to gain knowledge of products and services. Corporation des Maîtres électriciens du Québec (CMEQ) has teamed up with other industry groups to present MCEE (Mécanex/Climatex/Expolectriq/ Éclairage) in Montreal, April 22. Organizers tout MCEE as Canada’s largest plumbing, HVAC&R, hydronic, electrical and lighting expo.

Contents 7 Interactive smart grid zones

On the Cover and Page 8 Can you repair energy-efficient motors? Maybe Handling a failed motor isn’t so cut and dry. While repair can cost less than replacement, there has been talk about energy degradation when repairing energy-efficient motors. A well-informed decision requires some review. (Stock photo)

for energy efficiency

In an effort to increase efficiency on its distribution network, Hydro Quebec has begun installing and testing smart grid technologies. A total of 5800 next-generation meters were installed as part of the Boucherville demonstration project.

12 2015 CE Code goes interactive

CSA Group recently published the 23rd edition of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I. This latest edition includes more than 200 updates and revisions, and is offered in a new interactive version that promises an enhanced ability to locate, interpret and calculate requirements of the code on a tablet or phone.

Ontario Electrical League (OEL) presents its Electrical Industry Conference “The Great Canadian Adventure”, April 29, at Deerhurst Resort in Huntsville. Electrical Association of Manitoba (formerly MEL) is presenting its revamped Manitoba Electrical Expo, May 20, in Winnipeg. Now being presented every two years (instead of three), organizers say the event has changed “from the ground up”, and will target the entire industry, including organizations with an electrical department, and those who spec electrical products. Electrical Contractors Association of Alberta is hosting its annual Convention and Training Day May 22 in Invermere, B.C. (More on ECAA’s 2014 event in our next issue). And B.C. Electrical Association (BCEA) has teamed up with its mechanical counterparts to present a joint Trade Expo, June 2015, in Kelowna. On the national scale, why not rub elbows with the folks who manufacture and distribute the products you use every day? Make plans to attend EFC Electrical Council’s Annual Conference in Banff, Alta., May 25. Or how about meeting the people who write the CE Code by signing up for CSA’s Annual Conference & Committee Week, June 14, in Niagara Falls, Ont. Whether local, regional or national, I encourage you to take your first step into a bigger world by attending an industry event hosted by one of our Canadian associations.

departments 4

Industry News

13 Calendar 14 Electrical Safety 360

A look at the Louisville ESW

20 Personalities 21 Products & Solutions 22 Code File

Attachment plugs in solar PV installations

22 Code Conundrum

18 Sizzling surfaces! Snow-melt systems

help save concrete... and sweat!

The first article of our new series, The House of Unlimited Budget, delves into electric snow-melt systems for driveways, walkways, and even back patios. Installed under concrete, these cables make winter maintenance a breeze.

page 21

www.EBMag.com • March 2015 • 3

3:36 PM

EB_March2015.indd 3

2015-03-04 1:56 PM

industry news Hydro Ottawa’s secret to being a Top Employer revealed Hydro Ottawa reports that, for the 7th consecutive year, it has been recognized among the National Capital Region’s Top Employers. So what are they doing right? The company reveals that, “from hire to retire”, its recipe includes a mixture of employee engagement initiatives along “with a dash of community involvement, and a large pinch of employee well-being”. (Photo courtesy Hydro Ottawa)

March 2015 • Volume 51 • Issue 3 ELECTRICAL BUSINESS is the magazine of the Canadian electrical community. It reports on the news and publishes articles in a manner that is informative and constructive.

Need cash for your studies? Apply EFC’s John Jefkins. “I encourage all Apply For $120,000 for EFC Scholarship companies to promote this program to in Scholarships “The Canadian electrical industry their business colleagues, family and is competing with other innovative friends with students.” Great jobs! industries for the interest of talented, CHECK OUT our video interview Competitive salaries and benefits Aggressive career paths young individuals,” said Siemens with Joris Myny, “We all want to have Be a part of the electrical, Canada’s Joris Myny, chair of the access to young talent”, tinyurl.com/ electronics and telecommunications industries 2015 EFC Scholarship Program. pnxx8hj. “We need to invest in Canadian The deadline to apply is May 31, 2015. talent to foster their pursuit of Visit efcscholarship.fluidreview.com. APPLY TODAY: careers in the electrical engineering Electro-Federation Canada (EFC) efcscholarship.fluidreview.com and electronics industries.” is a national, not-for-profit industry Electro-Federation Canada (EFC) association representing 250 member and its members have outdone themselves with the companies that manufacture, distribute and service 2015 program, setting a new record with $120,000 electrical and electronics products This industry in funding across 52 scholarships. Now entering contributes over $10 billion to the Canadian its 20th year, the scholarship program has funded economy, says EFC, and employs more than 40,000 Canadian university and college students’ education people in over 1200 facilities across the country. with over $1 million since its inception. * Want your application to get to the TOP OF The scholarship program builds awareness of THE PILE? Read the editor’s blog, “How to pick a the electrical industry as a great career path, noted (scholarship) winner”, tinyurl.com/n75xfny. ION LICAT : APP ADLINE 5 DE 31, 201 MAY

Editor Anthony Capkun - acapkun@annexweb.com Group Publisher John MacPherson - jmacpherson@annexweb.com Account Manager Scott Hoy - shoy@annexweb.com Assistant Editor Renée Francoeur - rfrancoeur@annexweb.com Art Director Svetlana Avrutin - savrutin@annexweb.com Production Manager Kathryn Nyenhuis - knyenhuis@annexweb.com Subscriber Customer Service Representative Karen Thomson - kthomson@annexweb.com Director of Soul/COO Sue Fredericks Published by Annex Publishing & Printing Inc. 222 Edward Street, Aurora, Ontario L4G 1W6 Tel. 905-727-0077 • Fax 905-727-0017

Publication mail Agreement #40065710 Return Undeliverable Canadian Addresses to Circulation Department P.O. Box 530, Simcoe, ON N3Y 4N5

e-mail: kthomson@annexweb.com

Durham York Energy Centre fires up operation

United States Second Class Postage paid at Lewiston, NY (USPS-741-470) US POSTMASTER: Send address changes to ELECTRICAL BUSINESS, P.O. Box 8145, Lewiston, NY 14092

“York Region Council strongly endorses the fourth ‘R’—energy recovery,” said Erin Mahoney, York Region’s commissioner of environmental services. “We are pleased to partner with Durham Region on the first energy-from-waste facility approved in Ontario in the last 22 years.”

Printed in Canada ISSN 0013-4244

“Millennial blade” rolls off the line in Tillsonburg

The new Durham York Energy Centre (DYEC), located in Courtice, Ont., is up and running. The facility can process up to 140,000 tonnes of waste each year, which will generate 17.5 gross megawatts of renewable energy—enough to power between 10,000 and 12,000 homes, said Durham and York regions. “This facility will reduce the volume of garbage going to landfill by up to 90%, which supports the goals of York Region’s waste diversion strategy,” said York Region chair and CEO Wayne Emmerson. Environmental reports, including current emissions data, are available online, as well as an overview of the facility and answers to frequently asked questions. Emissions from the stack are monitored to ensure compliance with the Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change air quality standards and Environmental Compliance Approval limits, the municipalities noted.

Photo courtesy Siemens

DYEC concept rendering provided by Covanta and McMillan Associates Architects.

CIRCULATION: Karen Thomson e-mail: kthomson@annexweb.com Tel: 1-866-790-6070 • Fax: 1-877-624-1940 Mail: P.O. Box 530, Simcoe, ON N3Y 4N5

Siemens’ wind turbine blade-manufacturing facility in Tillsonburg, Ont., recently celebrated a milestone in its operations: the completion of the 1000th blade produced at the factory. Congratulations! The Wind Power division of Siemens Canada employs more than 500 across the country, says the company, the majority of whom work at the 253,000-sf Tillsonburg facility (which has been manufacturing wind turbine blades since 2010). All Siemens wind turbine blades in Canada are manufactured at this facility. The facility manufactures 49-m blades for the SWT-2.3-101 geared-drive platform and 55-m blades for the SWT-3.2-113 direct-drive platform. Blades produced here are installed in Canadian wind farms and abroad, says Siemens.

Subscription Rates: Canada: Single issue $7.00 12 issues: $35.00 (includes tax) USA: $59.00 (US) International: $75.00 (US) per year Occasionally, Electrical Business will mail information on behalf of industry-related groups whose products and services we believe may be of interest to you. If you prefer not to receive this information, please contact our circulation department in any of the four ways listed above. The contents of Electrical Business are copyright ©2015 by Annex Publishing & Printing Inc. and may not be reproduced in whole or part without written consent. Annex Publishing & Printing Inc. disclaims any warranty as to the accuracy, completeness or currency of the contents of this publication and disclaims all liability in respect of the results of any action taken or not taken in reliance upon information in this publication.

Funded by the Government of Canada

4 • March 2015 • www.EBMag.com

EB_March2015.indd 4

2015-03-04 1:56 PM

industry news Schneider Electric ranked 9th, Legrand came in at 48, Siemens is 55th and GE ranked 74th. Inclusion in the Global 100 is determined via 12 quantitative sustainability indicators, including the amount of revenue companies generate per unit of energy consumption and lost-time injury rate. “This is a strong recognition of our continued commitment to sustainability,” said Jean-Pascal Tricoire, chair and CEO of Schneider Electric.

Photos: U of T Engineering.

Perfect perovskites may lead to better LED lighting

Bruce Power invests $58 million for planned maintenance outage A Bruce A unit has been removed from service for a $58 million planned maintenance outage, announced Bruce Power in early February. Unit 1 was returned to service in 2012 after it had been shut down by the former Ontario Hydro in the 1990s. It was removed from service on January 30 after 99 consecutive days of supplying nuclear energy to Ontarians.

Solutions for residential construction.

Researchers Valerio Adinolfi (left) and Riccardo Comin examine a perovskite crystal. Perovskites are attracting growing interest in the context of thinfilm solar technologies, but had never been studied in their purest form: as perfect single crystals. University of Toronto engineers are shining new light on an emerging family of solar-absorbing materials—perovskites—that could clear the way not only for cheaper and more-efficient solar panels, but LEDs, too. Using a new technique, U of T researchers grew large, pure perovskite crystals and studied how electrons move through the material as light is converted to electricity. While the research has implications for green energy, it may also enable innovations in lighting. Think of a solar panel made of perovskite crystals as a slab of glass: light hits the crystal surface and gets absorbed, exciting electrons in the material. Those electrons travel through the crystal to electrical contacts on its underside, where they are collected in the form of electric current. Now imagine the sequence in reverse: power the slab with electricity, inject electrons and release energy as light. A more-efficient electricity-to-light conversion implies perovskites could open new frontiers for energy-efficient LEDs. — With files from Marit Mitchell Schneider, Legrand, Siemens, GE make 2015 Global 100 list Some recognizable names in the industry made the cut for the 2015 Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations in the World (Global 100) index, run by Corporate Knights.

Stop building extra supports. on site and still meet code requirements. Support solution between two studs

• Use with welded boxes more than 4 inches wide or ganged sectional boxes • Easily adjusts to any drywall thickness from ½ inch to 2 x 5/8 inch

Bracket fits range of applications

• For use with 2x4-inch or 2x3-inch wood studs • Embossed guides adjust the bracket for any box depth • Ideal solution to support boxes between two wood studs • CSA Certified • Designed and manufactured in Canada

Quick and easy to install

Check out our installation video at www.tnb.ca/video.

Thomas & Betts. Your best connection for innovative solutions.

w w w. t n b . c a

Thomas Betts EB march 2015.indd 1

EB_March2015.indd 5

The new Iberville® BCBK-01 adjustable wood stud support bracket allows installers to meet C.E.C. code requirements (12-3010) quickly and efficiently while eliminating the need to build extra supports on site.

2015-02-25 1:15•PM www.EBMag.com • March 2015 5

2015-03-04 1:56 PM

industry news Temiscouata Wind Farms inaugurated Wind power has come to Quebec’s Temiscouata region. Boralex Inc. and Temiscouata Regional County Municipality announced the official inauguration of the Temiscouata Wind Farms on February 2, 2015, after commissioning the first 23.5 MW in December. The project involves two phases and work on the Temiscouata II wind farm, with a capacity of 51.7 MW, is to resume this spring. Commissioning of the additional megawatts is slated for December 2015. Lower Mattagami Hydroelectric Project wraps up on time, on budget What is being hailed as northern Ontario’s largest hydroelectric project in 50 years is now fully in service, says Ontario Power Generation (OPG). Six new units on the Lower Mattagami River will add 438 MWs of greenhouse gas-free electricity—or enough capacity to meet nearly three times the peak demand of Thunder Bay, says OPG, who partnered with the Moose Cree First Nation for the project. The $2.6-billion project started four years ago and involved redeveloping four of OPG’s existing hydro stations on the Mattagami River.

Photo © OPG.

Electrozad corporations amalgamating William (Bill) Smith, president of Electrozad Supply, announced the electrical distributor’s board has approved an amalgamation of the three Electrozad corporations. According to Electro-Federation Canada, Electrozad Supply Co. Ltd., Electrozad Supply Co. (London) Ltd. and Electrozad Supply Co. (Sarnia) Ltd. will come together under the (legal) name of Electrozad Supply Co. Ltd. The amalgamated entity will be branded as Electrozad Supply.

Canadian Solar to acquire Recurrent Energy for $265 million Canadian Solar announced early this month that it has entered into an agreement with Sharp Corporation to acquire Recurrent Energy, for approximately $265 million. According to Canadian Solar, this acquisition will increase Canadian Solar’s total solar project pipeline by approximately 4.0 GW to 8.5 GW, and its late-stage project pipeline by approximately 1.0 GW to 2.4 GW. The transaction is expected to close prior to the end of 2015’s first quarter.

Quality Performance for Panel Solutions NOARK Electric is a global manufacturer of electrical distribution and control products that address a variety of customer needs, ranging from components to intelligent system solutions. Ex9 Series - M Molded Case Circuit Breakers & Switches

T

5

YEAR D

TY

E

N

LIMI

NOARK Electric maintains local inventory, provides local sales, customer service and support and manufactures quality, aggressively priced products backed by a five-year limited warranty.

WARR

A

6 •Noark_EB_Jan.indd March 2015 1• www.EBMag.com

EB_March2015.indd 6

Ex9 Series - B1 Miniature Circuit Breakers UL 489 & 1077

Ex9CD/CDS Series AC Contactors & Ex9RD Overload Relays

Ex9SN Manual Motor Starters

Contact NOARK Sales for more: (626) 330-7007 NASales@Noark-Electric.com • www.NoarkUSA.com

Ceksters replaces Reid at helm of Ontario Energy Network

Photo A. Capkun.

Photo © Boralex.

David Reid (left) and Gunars Ceksters at Ontario Energy Network luncheon, February 2015. Grant Buchanan, chair of the Ontario Energy Network (www.ontarioenergynetwork. org), named Gunars Ceksters as the successor to David Reid, who retired as OEN president in December 2014 (and had been with the group since its inception). “[David] quite rightly can take pride in the successes he has achieved for the OEN, and for the reputation of the organization in the industry. We wish him well in his future endeavours and in his retirement,” said Buchanan. Ceksters is the present chair of Erie Thames Powerlines and a former president and CEO of Enersource Corp. He was made a lifetime OEN member when he retired from Enersource. Schneider completes digital control system for Manitoba’s Riel Terminal Station Schneider Electric recently announced the completion of the engineering, design, manufacturing and installation of what they claim is Canada’s largest redundant IEC 61850-compliant protection and control system. Schneider Electric’s Protection Automation and Control Integrated System (PACiS) has been installed in the Riel Terminal Station located near Winnipeg and will help Manitoba Hydro enhance the reliability of the province’s power supply. The PACiS deployment installed at the station manages over 120 Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) across the network.

2015-01-13 9:13 AM

2015-03-04 1:56 PM

90 H NMD H ACTH

Interactive smart grid zones for energy efficiency Shaun Casey

I

HCF

ed Strand HCF

n an effort to increase efficiency on its distribution network, Hydro Quebec has begun the installation and testing of smart grid technologies. Hydro-Quebec is the largest electricity generator in Canada. Production from its large-scale hydroelectric installations allows it to export excess renewable energy to other public utilities. This renewable energy typically displaces the use of fossil fuels, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In an effort to increase efficiency on its distribution network, the utility has set out a plan to integrate new energy-saving technologies. Hydro-Quebec has thus begun the progressive installation of smart grid technologies. Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) is contributing to the funding of a project in Boucherville, Que., to Remote-controlled capacitor bank accelerate the development of these smart monitoring systems. The outcomes of the project will eventually assist other electrical distribution utilities in adapting these technologies.

d rande MC St ized Overs al r Neaut

HN MC TH Solid

HN MC TH d e Strand

Reducing energy consumption and losses In the zone of Hydro-Quebec’s grid currently serving the town of Boucherville, smart monitoring and distribution technologies are being installed to improve energy efficiency and distribution network performance. A volt-VAR control (VVC) system at the PierreBoucher substation will monitor and control power distribution. Voltage levels need to remain between 110 and 125 to meet the 110V minimum needed for final use. The monitoring system measures voltage levels in real time. The goal is to maintain the voltage at the lowest level possible throughout the substation’s distribution grid, while keeping a buffer to ensure that voltage levels do not fall below standardized limits. “If you reduce the voltage from 115 volts to 112 volts while maintaining the same service quality, this slight decrease in voltage can represent big savings considering the overall size of the network,” said Jacques Guerette, senior science and technology advisor, Energy Science and Technology Programs at NRCan. The technology behind a new generation of smart meters for energy management will also be tested in the interactive smart grid zone. These meters are expected to become the interface between the network and customers, and will eventually make it possible for the client to manage their own energy consumption.

Hydro-Quebec’s distribution control centre. A total of 5800 next-generation meters were installed as part of the Boucherville smart grid demonstration project. Connected by wireless technology, these devices send information to a data acquisition and storage system. Data analysis can be used to better understand and manage energy.

Benefits of next-generation meters Next-generation meters offer a range of benefits that could be realized once implemented. For instance, consumers could monitor their electricity use to manage it more effectively. It could also mean a large number of cars—that are currently being used by those driving to locations to read meters in person—being taken off the road. The overall result would be less CO2 being emitted into the atmosphere every year. The goal of the project is to reduce energy consumption and losses of energy through its network by 2TWh by 2023. “Combining next-generation meters and voltage monitoring will allow for significant savings in energy, as well as benefits to the environment,” said Guerette. This article, “Interactive smart grid zones for energy efficiency” was originally published by Natural Resources Canada in December 2014, and published here with permission. It is a reproduction of an official work published by NRCan, but has not been produced in affiliation with, nor with the endorsement of, Natural Resources Canada.

lid MC So d ize Overs al r Neaut

Our AC90, made with RW90 -40° LSZH - ST1, meets all requirements CEC 12-102 Insulated Conductors

No ExCEptioNs No CrACkiNg!

P RO u d Ly CAnAdIAn

lid HN So or H T C M uct Cond i t l u M

AC-90 Made in Canada, for Contractors that demand a product that will perform inside and out in our Canadian winter!

1.888.524.5050 North_EB_Dec.indd 1

EB_March2015.indd 7

d N Soli H H T g MC Per Le l a r t u Ne

canadiansales@northerncables.com

www.northerncables.com

2014-11-21 11:28•AM www.EBMag.com • March 2015 7

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

Stock Photo

Elec Bus

Can you repair energy-efficient motors? Maybe Thomas H. Bishop, P.E.

M

ost plant engineers and maintenance staff can attest to the reliability of standard-efficiency motors that have been repaired or rewound using industry best practices. They also know repair can cost far less than replacement, especially when the motor has special features. Despite this, some of them hesitate to have failed energy-efficient motors (NEMA Premium models, in particular) repaired because they’ve heard it degrades efficiency. So, what’s the right answer? Is the decision to repair, rewind or replace a failed energy-efficient motor as simple and straightforward as you may have heard?

What makes a motor more energy-efficient? Some energy is always lost (to heat, friction and windage) when motors convert electricity into useful (mechanical) work. To improve motor efficiency, manufacturers have found ways to reduce these losses—not by changing raw materials or production methods, but through design modifications: first with higher-efficiency EPAct motors and, more recently, with NEMA Premium models. Compared with standard-efficiency motors, for example, some higher-efficiency models have longer stator and rotor cores to reduce core losses, and more copper wire area in the

windings to decrease copper losses. Using the smallest fan that can keep the winding temperature within design limits also minimizes windage losses in totally enclosed, fan-cooled (TEFC) models. Repaired motor efficiency The mistaken view that motors—including energy-efficient and NEMA Premium models— cannot be repaired or rewound without a loss of efficiency was scientifically disproven by a study in 2003 that identified good practices that maintain the energy efficiency of repaired motors. Commissioned by the Electrical Apparatus Service Association (EASA, U.S.)

8 • March 2015 • www.EBMag.com

EB_March2015.indd 8

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

Arlington

Elec Business Arling MAR 2015_ElecBus pg 2/9/15 12:39 PM Page 1

SHIPS AS AN ‘LB’...

A NEAT COVER UP...

Made in USA

BOX COVER

ANYBODY

®

FOR UNUSED FAN/FIXTURE BOXES – FITS PAN BOXES TOO!

...BUT IT’S ANY BODY YOU WANT IT TO BE!

L& META IC! T S PLA CP3540 Box Cover

935NM 2" Plastic

Our non-metallic, paintable CP3540 Box Cover is the neatest way to cover unused fan/fixture boxes, pan boxes or poorly cut drywall.

Arlington

Easy and convenient, it saves you the hassle and cost of carrying five different conduit bodies.

• Plastic 1/2" to 4" includes three flanges w/ glue-in pipe joint.

800/233-4717 • www.aifittings.com

Stud

© 2002 Arlington Industries, Inc. REV0314 Patented.

Made in USA

CONCRETE PIPE SLEEVE

™

THE EASY, ECONOMICAL WAY TO SLEEVE THROUGH CONCRETE POURS!

Aluminum T...C...LR...LL

Arlington’s Concrete Pipe Sleeves are the economical way to sleeve through concrete pours in tilt-up construction WALLS, and FLOORS allowing cable and conduit to run easily from one floor to the next. No costly core drilling, and no cutting holes in the form. Plus, you can position the CPS40 hole prior to pouring the concrete. • Attaches to form with nails or screws • Stackable up to 23" h for extra deep pours • Vents keep wet pipe sleeves from sticking together • Multiple hole sizes: 1-1/2" • 2" • 3" • 4" • 5" • 6"

CPS40 Pipe Sleeve for 4" hole © 2007/REV2014 Arlington Industries, Inc.

• UL/CSA Listed

Patented

View Video

Made in USA

800/233-4717 • www.aifittings.com

Arlington

800/233-4717 • www.aifittings.com

Nail or screw sleeve to form.

After concrete sets. Cut sleeve off flush with surface.

Insert conduit into sleeve.

NON-METALLIC

ONE-PIECE

FIXTURE BOX

NEW

FOR ANY SIDING TYPE Arlington’s ONE-PIECE fixture box is the fastest, easiest way to install light fixtures or receptacle on siding.

‘B’ for uneven or textured ceilings Thread stud into opening until tight

NON-METALLIC • VENTED FOR EASIER STACKABILITY

• Aluminum 1/2" to 4" includes threaded flanges for three openings. 1/2" to 2" are combination bodies: threaded for rigid, they also have a set-screw for use with EMT.

Arlington

‘A’ for flat ceilings Push stud into opening to seat cover

with ‘A’ and ‘B’ openings for use on flat or uneven ceilings. Easy installation. Attach the bracket to the box with #8 or #10 screws. Back the screws out far enough to slip the bracket on.

Arlington’s aluminum or plastic AnyBODY™ ships as an LB, but converts to a T, LL, LR or C - FAST - by switching the cover plates and threaded flanges to create the style you need.

• Competitively priced with LBs NO EXTRA COST for the normally more expensive T

Versatile Bracket Design...

e Devic Entry h s w Bru g openin

THE SCOOP

The SCOOP™ series of reversible, non-metallic ENTRANCE HOODS, PLATES AND DEVICES protect cable while delivering good looks and installation versatility. They reduce labor and eliminate extra connections too.

Patented

Our newest CABLE ENTRY DEVICES come with or without a wall plate for efficient cable management. HOODS for decorator-style wall plates, single and two-gang PLATES install facing in or out... and save time!

© 2007-2011 Arlington Industries, Inc.

• Easy to install before or after siding

• UV rating for long outdoor use • Textured, paintable finish

TM

E N T R A N C E P L AT E S & H O O D S

8141FGC

• Ground clip for fixture installations; NM cable connector

Made in USA

• Low voltage cable protection Arlington’s TVBU505 TV BOX

CED135 (with wall plate, order CED135WP)

• Best way to run cable

CED130WP includes wall plate

CED130 entry device w slotted cover

ONE-piece No extra cover to lose or store CE1RP

Made in USA

Arlington

EB_March2015.indd 9 Arlington_EB_March.indd 1

800/233-4717 • www.aifittings.com

Arlington

CED1

facing OUT

800/233-4717 • www.aifittings.com

CEDH1

CE1 facing IN

© 2009 REV 2014 Arlington Industries, Inc.

Patented

2015-03-04 2015-02-12 1:57 9:03PM AM

Stock Photo

Figure 1

and the Association of Electrical & Mechanical Trades (AEMT, United Kingdom), the study tested the efficiencies of motors ranging from the original EPAct level to NEMA Premium and IEC IE3 levels.

Conducted at the University of Nottingham under the direction of engineering executives from motor manufacturers in the U.S. and U.K., the study measured the efficiencies of 22 motors ranging in size from 50hp

!

w

e

n

AdvAntAge™ SerieS Switch-rAted Pin & Sleeve

 Approved as a disconnecting means for motor and branch circuits IP69k

 Mates with existing installed base of IEC 60309-2 Pin & Sleeve ®

Electrical Systems 1.800.465.7051 www.hubbell-canada.com/wiring

10 • March 2015 • www.EBMag.com

EB-Hubbell_AdvantageAd-Mar2015FinalC.indd 1 Hubbell_EB_March.indd 1

EB_March2015.indd 10

to 200hp (37kW to 150kW) before and after multiple winding burnout processes and rewinds. A 1998 study by AEMT also proved that the efficiency of motors with lower hp/kW ratings can be maintained during repair, dispelling the notion that, of themselves, winding burnout and removal damage the core. Among the good repair practices identified by the two studies were making certain the overall length of the turns in the winding does not increase (more resistance increases loss), and increasing the wire area (lower resistance means lower loss) when slot fit allows it. These steps maintain, or may even reduce, the copper losses (I2R) in the winding. Service centres that follow the guidelines in ANSI/EASA AR1002010 “Recommended Practice for the Repair of Rotating Electrical Apparatus” and the more-specific recommendations of the EASA/ AEMT Rewind Study’s “Good Practice Guide” will provide repairs that have a proven record of maintaining motor efficiency. Both documents are available as free downloads at www.easa.com/ energy to assist service centres, end users and energy advocates in obtaining this critical information. (To further ensure efficiency and reliability are maintained during repair, service centres accredited under the EASA Accreditation Program [introduced mid-2014] are independently audited to verify they adhere to the good practices from ANSI/EASA AR100 and the Rewind Study.) Repair/replace decisionmaking process A well-informed decision to repair or replace a failed motor often involves more than might be readily apparent. Even the rather complex flowchart (Figure 1) doesn’t encompass every possibility, because each application has unique characteristics.

Review the application When a motor fails, the first step is to determine its suitability for the application. A motor with an open enclosure, for example, may not be practical for a paper mill application with a great deal of airborne moisture and debris. Rather than repair, a better choice in this instance would be a TEFC (totally-enclosed, fan-cooled) replacement. Processes and duty cycles can change over time, so it’s always best to reassess the application when deciding whether to repair or replace a failed motor. An even better approach would be to assess all critical applications prior to failure as part of a motor management plan. When the failed motor suits the application, assess the condition of its stator core. Is there significant damage? Prior to failure, did the motor exceed its rated temperature rise (e.g. due to high core losses)? Unless the motor has special features that might affect replacement price or availability, it may be more economical to buy a new motor than to repair a seriously degraded stator core. Next, consider these decision points simultaneously: • Has catastrophic failure occurred during this failure? • Is there evidence of a prior catastrophic failure? • Is the rotor damaged? • Are other mechanical parts severely damaged? • Is it an EPAct, NEMA Premium or IEC IE3 motor? Catastrophic failure (present) When the motor has had a catastrophic failure, compare the cost of repair and replacement. Such failures typically do extensive damage to the stator core, windings and other parts of the motor, including the rotor, shaft, bearings and end brackets. In such cases, replacement may be the most economical option, especially

04/03/2015 1:00:10 PM 2015-03-04 1:53 PM

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

when the motor’s suitability for the application is questionable.

energy costs. When the analysis Delivery times for larger motors favours replacement, determine or those with special features whether the cost fits within your often range from a few weeks to Catastrophic failure (prior) budget. If not, the best option may several months. When the delivery Evidence of a prior catastrophic be a good-practice repair (so long as time exceeds your requirements, a failure may be apparent only after it costs less than a new motor). qualified service centre can usually disassembling the motor. Examples Assuming funds are available for a provide a good-practice repair of include damaged stator core new motor, the next decision point the original motor in far less time. laminations; a damaged rotor core is availability. Motors such as those Alternatively, the service centre may or damaged rotor bars or end rings; that2320-11 fall under and NRCan be able to add the9:56 special FLIREISA C2 Electrical EB Feb15_6.375x9.75 02-26-15 AM features Page 1 and a bent shaft that has bent again. rules are predominantly stock items. needed to a stock higher-efficiency Rotor condition Rotor damage varies widely, from surface smearing due to contact with the stator to melted bars and end rings on die-cast designs, to broken bars or broken bar-to-end ring joints on fabricated designs. Surface smearing of the outside diameter can often be repaired economically. Other types of rotor repair may not be cost-effective, however, unless the motor is very large or has special features. Mechanical parts condition The shaft, frame or other mechanical parts may also be damaged beyond repair. Here, again, the cost of buying or making a new shaft, or of purchasing a new frame, may make replacing the motor the logical choice, unless the motor is very large or has special features. Whether the choice is to repair or replace the motor, be certain to identify and address the underlying causes of failure to prevent a recurrence. Higher-efficiency motors The factors discussed so far have shaped motor repair/replace decisions for more than a halfcentury. A consideration added more recently is whether to replace the failed motor with a more energy-efficient model. Broadly speaking, higherefficiency motors are those covered by earlier U.S. federal regulations (EPAct, 1992), IEC motors labelled IE3, as well as NEMA Premium motors covered by newer Canadian (NRCan, 2011) and U.S. federal regulations (EISA, 2007). Repair considerations for these motors are the same as for standard-efficiency models. Following the good practices from ANSI/EASA AR100 and the EASA/AEMT Rewind Study, qualified service centres can repair any of these motors and maintain the efficiency rating. Before repairing a standardefficiency motor, consider the return on investment for a more energy-efficient replacement (e.g. NEMA Premium) based on the expected life of the motor or process, hours of operation and

A regular contributor to Electrical Business, Thomas H. Bishop, P.E., is a senior technical support specialist at the Electrical Apparatus Service Association (EASA, www.easa.com), an international association of more than 1900 firms in 62 countries that sell and service electrical, electronic and mechanical apparatus.

POWERFUL THERMAL IMAGING RIGHT IN YOUR POCKET

FLIR C2 UNCOVERS HIDDEN PROBLEMS SO YOU DON’T MISS A THING. The C2 is the world’s first full-featured, compact thermal camera you can always keep on you, ready to find troublesome heat patterns.

See what C2 can show you at flir.ca/C2 Or, call 1-800-613-0507 x24 (English) x25 (En Francais)

MISSING INSULATION

OVERLOADED DIMMER

RADIANT FLOOR HEATERS

The images displayed may not be representative of the actual resolution of the camera shown. Images/content are for illustration purposes only.

Flir_EB_March.indd 1

EB_March2015.indd 11

motor e.g. by converting it to a C- or D-face mounting.

2015-02-26 PM www.EBMag.com • March 20153:34 • 11

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

2015 CE Code goes interactive

23rd edition includes more than 200 updates and revisions Anthony Capkun s you’ve seen in the pages of Electrical Business, and online at EBMag.com, CSA Group recently published the 23rd edition of the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I also known as CSA C22.1 “Safety standard for electrical installations”. The CE Code, Part I covers the installation and maintenance of electrical equipment for operation at all voltages in buildings, structures and premises (including factory-built relocatable and non-relocatable structures). The code is Canada’s primary standard for electrical installations, and this latest edition includes more than 200 updates and revisions, and is offered in a new interactive version that promises you an enhanced ability to locate, interpret and calculate requirements of the code on a tablet or phone. New and extensively updated sections focus on renewable energy, electric heating and hazardous locations classifications. A separate document entitled “Top 16 CE Code Changes” provides an overview of the changes and how they impact various stakeholders. In the 23rd edition, renewable energy systems are now covered in one section. Requirements for photovoltaic systems have been merged with requirements for renewable energy systems, such as wind and hydrokinetic, and there are significant updates reflecting the latest technologies and safety features for occupants and first responders. The updated code now changes Section 18 “Hazardous locations” to focus exclusively on the Zone system of classification. The section has been revised to introduce the IEC classification for locations containing explosive dust atmospheres, such as grain elevators and flour mills. Another important change is to the section on electric heating. Installation requirements for electric heating equipment have been rationalized and grouped into general rules, where appropriate. New requirements have been added for skin-effect trace heating systems and heating systems by Class 1 extra-low voltage power circuits.

A

Who are the people behind the CE Code? The CE Code, Part I Committee comprises electrical professionals who hail from all over Canada and, having seen them at work, I can honestly say they work their butts off fleshing out Canada’s electrical code which, for decades, has helped address the safe installation of electrical equipment and appliances. And their process is rather unique in its consensus-based approach, which is facilitated by CSA. The number of discussions and votes that occur when they meet during CSA’s annual committee week is simply phenomenal. To quote Arkady Tsisserev, chair of the Part I committee, who wrote the Guest Editor column in our October 2014 edition: “I’m still amazed (30 years later!) by the clarity and integrity of this consensus-based process, which fosters ultimate respect for your peers, and makes every member a stronger expert and a better person.” In his column, Ark went on to explain that while the electrical industry is very large, the community of volunteers involved in the development of codes & standards is a relatively small group. “We need the next generation of stakeholders to step forward and join this group, and they, too, will immediately discover tremendous joy in participating in the process and contributing to Canada’s Electrical Safety System,” he wrote. CSA’s 2015 Annual Conference & Committee Week is being held June 14-19, 2015, in Niagara Falls, Ont., and I highly encourage you to check it out for yourself. And check out our photo gallery from last year’s Committee Week held in Charlottetown by visiting tinyurl.com/pe4unxz. Other updates include... • New requirements expand the use of arc fault circuit interruption (AFCI) technology to include most rooms within dwelling units. • Ampacity tables have been added for conductors rated 5kV to 46kV. • Modern homes tend to have open-concept kitchen and dining areas, and can include entertainment areas and workspaces. The code has been revised to reflect the same requirements for great rooms as for living rooms and bedrooms. • To increase safety, the requirements for ground fault circuit interrupter protection of Class A-type receptacles has been extended to all 125V, 15A and 20A receptacles installed on fixed or floating piers, docks or wharves in fishing harbours or on marine structures. The standard is available for purchase now, so visit shop.csa.ca online or call (800) 463-6727. To help you understand and implement the changes contained in the 2015 edition, CSA offers a variety of CE Code-related publications, resources and training tools.

12 • March 2015 • www.EBMag.com

EB_March2015.indd 12

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

calendar Visit EBMag.com’s Upcoming Events on the homepage to see an extensive list of industry events. AEL Learning Expo Alberta Electrical League March 25, Calgary, Alta. Visit albertaelectricalleague.com

WILL BE

THERE!

Skills Canada National Competition May 27-30, Saskatoon, Sask. Visit www.skillscanada.com

Alberta Safety Codes Council 2015 Conference June 3-5, Banff, Alta. Visit www.safetycodes.ab.ca

Electric Utility Fleet Managers Conference (EUFMC) May 31-June 3, Williamsburg, Va. Visit www.eufmc.com

CSA 2015 Annual Conference & Committee Week June 14-19, Niagara Falls, Ont. Visit www.csagroup.org

WILL BE

THERE!

WILL BE

THERE!

BCEA Kelowna Trade Expo June 17, Kelowna, B.C. Visit www.bcea.bc.ca EFC Electrical Council Ontario Region Golf Day Electro-Federation Canada June 24, Nobleton, Ont. Visit www.electrofed.com

Affiliated Distributors Spring Network Meeting March 30-April 1, Tampa Bay, Fla. Visit www.adhq.com EFC Annual General Meeting Electro-Federation Canada April 15, 2015, Brampton, Ont. Visit www.electrofed.com

WILL BE

THERE!

MCEE (Mécanex/Climatex/ Expolectriq/Éclairage) April 22-23, Montreal, Que. Visit www.mcee.ca

WILL BE

THERE!

WILL BE

THERE!

WILL BE

THERE!

WILL BE

THERE!

ENGINEERED FOR THE WORK YOU DO.

WILL BE

THERE!

21030T 400A

TrueRMS (for accurate readings)

AC True RMS Clamp Meter (Available in AC/DC and AC-Only Versions)

PEARL 18th Conference & Exhibition Professional Electrical Apparatus Recyclers League April 24-27, Cleveland, Ohio Visit www.electricalsafetyandreliability.com

Built-in non-contact voltage detectors

BICSI Canadian Conference & Exhibition April 26-29, Ottawa, Ont. Visit www.bicsi.org OEL Electrical Industry Conference Ontario Electrical League April 29-May 2, Huntsville, Ont. Visit www.oel.org

WILL BE

THERE!

Reliable current measurements are essential for safe electrical maintenance jobs, whether it’s identifying over-taxed circuits WILL BE

THERE!

within a home or troubleshooting equipment in a commercial

WILL BE

THERE!

building. Southwire puts the right tool in your hand with the 400A TrueRMS Clamp Meter. These compact clamps have the

Lightfair May 3-7, New York, N.Y. Visit www.lightfair.com

features electricians need to quickly locate the problem – even WILL BE

THERE!

WILL BE

THERE!

in demanding environments.

WILL BE

THERE!

Built for Durability, Built for Reliability, Built for Work.™

IEEE Industrial & Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference May 5-8, Calgary, Alta. Visit sites.ieee.org/icps2015 EAM (form. Manitoba Electrical League) Showcase Electrical Association of Manitoba May 20-21, Winnipeg, Man. Visit www.meleague.ca

WILL BE

THERE!

Back lit display WILL BE

THERE!

WILL BE

THERE!

Thermometer

ECAA Training Day & AGM Electrical Contractors Assoc. of Alberta May 21-24, Invermere, B.C. Visit www.ecaa.ab.ca EFC Electrical Council Annual Conference Electro-Federation Canada May 25-29, Banff, Alta. Visit www.electrofed.com

WILL BE

THERE!

Choose from a complete selection of Tools,Equipment, Meters and Testers. WILL BE

THERE!

WILL BE

THERE!

southwiretools.ca

Scan QR Code to View Our Full Line of Tools.

1-800-668-0303

© 2015 Southwire Canada. All Rights Reserved. ™ Trademark of Southwire Company, LLC.

Electric Mobility Canada’s EV2015 Conference & Tradeshow May 25-27, Halifax, N.S. Visit www.emc-mec.ca

Southwire provides a hassle-free warranty program for all hand tools and equipment.

Southwire EB march 2015.indd 1

EB_March2015.indd 13

Rugged double-molded housing

2015-02-23 PM www.EBMag.com • March 20152:30 • 13

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

electrical safety 360

Mike Doherty

A look at the Louisville ESW ... and looking forward to 2016

T

C

he IEEE IAS* Electrical fully expect to develop and execute “The workshop just keeps getting better and more Safety Workshop (or, as I like for local construction contractors at valuable, providing great ROI ... so mark your calendar to call it, the Super Bowl of next year’s ESW. Electrical Safety) was held A number of other subcommitright now, and start building your business plan to attend.” just recently in Kentucky and, again, tees (19 in all) also kicked off their lived up to its promise of serving as meetings at the start of the ESW the international forum for advanon Sunday, including Occupational cing the prevention and elimination Safety and Health, International address was delivered by David Electrical Incidents” by Zarheer of injuries and fatalities from occuDevelopment, Industry Segment Wallis, who recently retired from Jooma, Jessica Hutchings and pational electrical hazards. Development, and Codes & StanOSHA after 40 years of writing elecHugh Hoagland. The central theme of the workdards Development. trical rules for them. • “Hazard or Risk Analysis: shop is built around “Changing the Monday was the day for IEEE Over the course of the next four Overcoming the Human Factor” Electrical Safety Culture”, and it Working Groups to meet so they days, winding up at noon on Friday, by Robert S Leroy. provides a unique opportunity to could continue their work in fur27 papers were presented, with an • “Bridging the Gap: Using interact with others from around thering best practices, including additional 22 poster presentations in Technology to Capture the Old the world who share a passion for P1814 WG “Electrical System the main foyer. Three 4-hour tutorand Encourage the New” by Joe electrical safety. (Some presenters, Design Techniques to Improve Elec- ials were also presented, starting at Barrios and Katie Scarlett Reyes. for example, came from as far away trical Safety”, 1584 WG “Guide for noon on Friday, including “AC & • “Risk Assessment & Your as South Africa, Australia, Uruguay Performing Arc Flash Hazard CalDC Arc Flash Analysis for RenewElectrical Safety Program” by and Italy, to name a few.) culations” and P1458 WG “Recomable Energy Solutions”. Daniel Roberts. I chair the Construction submended Practice for the Selection, My favourite papers from this committee of the IEEE Electrical Field Testing, and Life Expectancy year include: Social events were held on two evenSafety Committee. We started our of Moulded-Case Circuit Breakers ings, and vendor hospitality suites activities in 2014 at the ESW in San for Industrial Applications”. • “Good Communications: The were run on three consecutive days in Diego with just five participants, Tuesday morning was reserved for Essence of Safety” by John the evenings. And I would be remiss and that number grew to 15 active tutorials such as “Electrical Safety Cadick and Al Winfield. if I didn’t mention the leading-edge members this year! One of our Management”, “Methods of Calcu• “Construction Power Design, Product & Services Expo and Social, mandates is to get more participalating DC Arc Flash Hazards for all Installation & Control which was held on Wednesday in the tion from the construction industry; Sources” and “Risk Assessment of Considerations for a Large large hall adjacent to the hotel. this includes seeking robust conElectrical Hazards”, with the official Construction Project” by Mark This was one of the very best tributions from the construction start of the workshop at 1 pm when Cross and Scott Mitchell. ESW’s over my 15 years of sector for electrical safety paper chair Hugh Hoagland addressed the • “The Development of Questions attending. The workshop just keeps presentations, as well as a Construc- over 500 delegates who had gathered to Determine the Effectiveness of getting better and more valuable, tion Outreach Program thatFabricated we from around the- world. The keynote Incident Investigation Process for providing great ROI for attendees. Underground Devices Duct Spacer Ad - EB Revised.pdf 1 1/9/15 11:01 AM The next Super Bowl of Electrical Safety is being held in Jacksonville, Fla., March 8-11, 2016, so mark your calendar right now, and start building your business plan to attend. And please consider speaking next year, as we are always hungry for new and innovative thoughts in electrical safety that go beyond speaking about where we are but rather where we need to go. Don’t delay, as the deadline for abstracts is April 1, 2015. Visit www. ewh.ieee.org/cmte/ias-esw.

M

Note * Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) Industry Applications Society (IAS).

Y

CM

MY

CY

A subject-matter expert on electrical safety, Mike Doherty is a health & safety manager/consultant with PowerTel Utilities Contractors Ltd. He is a licensed electrician and an IEEE senior member, and has served as the Technical Committee chair for CSA Z462 since its inception. His specialties include electrical safety and health & safety management, consulting, training, auditing and electrical incident investigations. Mike can be reached at mdoherty@powertel.ca.

CMY

K

1 14Underground_EB_Jan.indd • March 2015 • www.EBMag.com

EB_March2015.indd 14

2015-01-12 2:47 PM

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

letters Generators require gas technicians... and teamwork I took a moment today to go through the most recent Electrical Business (January 2015). Some very interesting articles, and I am encouraged to see your enthusiasm regarding prompt payment. That will be a miracle and a needed improvement. I am writing in regard to the column “Misleading transfer switch markings” (Code File, p.58). It would be nicer to see some larger illustrations of what is acceptable versus what is not... the illustrations are just too small. Furthermore, I have noticed the number of generators advertised in the rear of the periodical. It would appear that generators are considered electrical appliances when, in fact, they are fuel-fired appliances that create electricity. This means they come under the TSSA Act. The installation, location, preparation and maintenance of a generator is considered stationary engine work; therefore, a gas-/oil-burner technician is required to work on these units prior to the installation of the electrical elements. Gas/oil technicians have to make sure that a properly reinforced concrete pad is installed, and that it is located in the proper location to minimize exhaust issues. We have to evaluate the proper sizing of gas lines and also evaluate the gas meter (should one exist) before anyone hooks up the electrical. This is where teamwork comes in. I visit my jobsites with an electrician to discuss the sizing required from the electrical standpoint. It recently came as a surprise to my electrical contractor when I told him that the device is a gas-fired appliance and, therefore, comes under the TSSA Act, and the gas code before the electrical code. Some people have a hard time understanding this, and many electricians sell and install [generators], then hire someone to install the gas. You have no idea how many of these items I see sitting on patio stones (illegal), sitting too close to windows or doors, or too close to the gas regulator. Often, the generators are installed in existing conditions and no cares if the gas meter is big enough to carry the load of the appliance. The myriad of rules that apply to diesel-fuel generators is even more complex. CSA B149 and CSA B139 carry the scope for generators. These appliances require compliance inspections under the applicable

codes, and I wonder how many would fail the inspection. (I have even seen instances where TSSA inspectors misinterpret the distinction between the installation of a standby generator and an emergency generator [see the building code]). Can you imagine finding out, after you have had an appliance installed, that it has to be moved, and now the

We always appreciate your Letters to the Editor. For taking the time to write us, we’re sending M.N. some swag

from our friends at Milwaukee, including: a 29-pc Shockwave Impact Duty impact driver bit set, 12-in. magnetic bit holder and a 2-pc Torque Lock set that includes two curved jaw locking pliers with grip (www.milwaukeetool. com). We’re also throwing in a golf shirt from our friends at Fluke (www. fluke.com). Letters to the Editor can be emailed to acapkun@annexweb.com.

National Manufacturing and Distribution Centres: Calgary, AB • Edmonton, AB • Airdrie, AB • Milton, ON Mississauga, ON • Etobicoke, ON • Perth, ON Regional Manufacturing Facilities: Delta, BC • Calgary, AB • Edmonton, AB • Saskatoon, SK Winnipeg, MB • Mississauga, ON • Lachine, QC • Dartmouth, NS

Call toll-free: 1-800-268-3578

Eaton LC ad E 6.375 x 9.75 final.indd 1 Eaton_EB_March.indd 1

EB_March2015.indd 15

wire feeders are too short? Perhaps you could bring this to the attention of the electrical industry. Keep up the wonderful publication. — M.N.

15-02-13 12:25 PM

www.EBMag.com • March 2015 • 15 2015-02-17 3:07 PM

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

level up

Adam Cooper

Project labour/cost management Part 1

I

n this column, I explore the facet of every project with the most risk and least control: project labour. Labour cost management is typically what defines a project as a success or a failure. Budgeting, forecasting and managing the other costs on a project (e.g. materials, subcontracts and general conditions) is fairly straightforward, but labour is what makes or breaks a job. A good superintendent and a productive workforce typically lead to project successes, while poor or insufficient supervision coupled with an under-producing workforce are a recipe for financial disaster. Let’s begin by examining the evolution of labour management in a growing contracting business. A small contractor will typically start out with the owner acting as both project manager and superintendent; he’s in the field running the crew, often wearing tools himself, performing one project at a time. As he meets with some success and begins to grow, he will hire or promote employees to foreman or superintendent roles so the company can perform two or more concurrent projects. These supervisors will have varying management abilities and styles, and see varying levels of success depending on experience, project type, workforce personnel, general contractor, jobsite conditions, location, schedule, etc. Owners will typically stay fairly involved in jobsite operations to support these supervisors and help ensure project success. They may also install project managers between themselves and the field to delegate responsibility as the company grows. As contractors continue to grow, more supervisors and project managers are added to manage the

TABLE 1

Weeks Ending: 1/11/15 1/18/15 1/25/15 2/01/15 2/08/15 2/15/15 Total workers 6 6 6 6 6 6 Activities Superintendent 1 1 1 1 1 1 In-wall rough (lobby) 2 2 Site lighting (rough) 2 2 2 2 Office rough 2 2 Lobby trim 3 1 Office trim 2 Panel install/trim 1 1 1 Site lighting trim 1 1 Equipment hook-up 1 1 1 * N.B. This schedule allocates 1440 hours compared to the estimate of 1500.

increased project load, and this is when contractors typically start to see labour cost overruns on projects. Once a project crew reaches 5-10 workers, it becomes critical to start tracking labour. The average 10-worker crew can carry a weekly cost of $10,000 with burden. It’s simple math... the longer the crew is on the job, the more it costs. If you fail to plan your work, the more likely you will extend your presence on the jobsite and exceed your labour budget. Now, let’s look at how we can start to manage our workforce from a budgetary standpoint. This begins by setting a labour budget—either from the estimate or construction takeoff. If the project was estimated with a standard software package, the estimate summary should provide labour hours for each type of work to be performed and the extended costs based on the estimated labour rate. If the work was estimated using unit pricing (material and labour combined), then material costs must be determined first, then deducted from the unit pricing to determine the overall labour budget. Once you have a labour budget value, simply divide by the average wage rate on the project and you will have the total number of hours for the project. Let’s create a sample project to work with: • Unit pricing from estimate (materials and labour) = $50,000 • Material costs from vendor quote = $17,000 • Labour budget (unit pricing - materials) = $33,000 • Average burdened labour rate = $22/h • Labour hours ($33,000/$22) = 1500 h

hammondmfg.com CAN 519.822.2960 | USA 716.630.7030 | sales@hammfg.com

16 • March 2015 • www.EBMag.com

Hammond_EB_March.indd 1

EB_March2015.indd 16

Now that we have the total number of hours on the project, we can build a man-loading schedule. This can be a simple spreadsheet that lets you allocate manpower by the day or week. The

“It’s simple math... the longer the crew is on the job, the more it costs.” man-loading schedule you create should correspond to the overall project schedule supplied by the general contractor. Table 1 shows a 6-week man-loaded project schedule for our sample project. This schedule is a valuable tool. It provides a roadmap for the superintendent, determining how many workers should be assigned to each activity each week. It also organizes the workforce and allocates the budget hours across the life of the project, helping to ensure the labour budget isn’t exceeded (we’ve forecast 1440 hours against our budget of 1500 hours). It also provides a way to check progress on the project and identify labour issues. For example, if the panels are scheduled to be complete by 2/8, and they’re nowhere close to completion by 2/1, you know you’ve got a problem. This may be all a contractor needs to effectively manage smaller projects. However, as contractors continue to grow and take on bigger projects, more tools and controls become necessary to effectively manage project labour. The next step is to begin to manage labour through productivity, which I’ll tackle in my next column in May. Adam Cooper has over 20 years of electrical construction and contracting experience, and has worked for several of the largest electrical contractors in the U.S. He started Ascent Consulting (www.ascentconsult.net) to offer his knowledge and experience to organizations looking for ways to grow and improve.

2013-02-22 10:33 AM

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

Schneide

TM

Schneider EB march 2015.indd EB_March2015.indd 17 1

2015-02-25 1:57 2015-03-04 9:38 PM AM

Starting this month, and in every issue this year, we will explore electrical technologies, products and systems for the discerning homeowner... where cost is not an issue! This month we look at electric snow-melt systems, which are actually affordable and would probably gain more traction (pardon the pun) if more electrical contractors knew about them... and how to sell them.

Sizzling surfaces!

Snow-melt systems help save concrete... and sweat!

Photo: Nuheat Industries

Say goodbye to slippery stairs with Nuheat’s mineral-insulated cable.

T

unneling out of the house to get to the car after a blizzard? The ultimate abode has no room for that! So before you pour concrete on the front steps, driveway, walkway—even the back patio slab—you’ll want to take a look at a snow-/ice-melt system. Snow melting has long surpassed the art of sand, salt and chemical sprinkling. Now various electric heating cables—such as the 240V from Britech—and/or pre-sized cable mats can be directly installed under concrete, asphalt, paving stone or interlocking bricks. With the help of a sensor and thermostat, freezing rain and those pesky white flakes are broiled off as they land, eliminating any need for shovels and blowers. “Essentially what a snow-melting system does is really just control the rate of evaporation,” said Gerry Lemieux, president of Britech. “There’s really no runoff. As soon as the snow starts, the concrete begins to heat and, when it really starts coming down, most of it will evaporate and it will look like it’s steaming.” Benefits for young and old The interest from North American homeowners and homebuilders in these systems has been growing, say companies in the electric cable heating industry.

Photo: EasyHeat

Renée Francoeur

EasyHeat’s Sno*Melter cable kits are available in sizes that cover 10-100 sf using a single cable. Nuheat Industries, a British Columbia-based manufacturer of electric radiant floor heating systems and distributor of freeze protection products, has noticed more customers heating outdoor patio floors. “It’s because there’s a push to increase what they call the ‘liveable space’ of a home to include outdoor areas... We’re seeing more outdoor furniture, more money going into the elegance and visual impact of the outdoor space,” said Wally Lo, a product manager at Nuheat. “Whenever you do that, you want to make it more comfortable, so heated floors in an outdoor space is definitely one way to do that.”

While driveways are the most obvious choice for electric snow-melt systems (especially sloped ones), Nuheat has found customers are increasingly choosing to install the cables under their walkways—especially as baby boomers reach their golden years. “It keeps everyone safe, prevents slip hazards, the need to salt, saves on labour, etc.,” Lo explained. Snow melting is also crucial for wheelchair ramps, added Lemieux. “If you are building a home for your aging parents or a home with a wing for the parents, it’s a huge bonus. The safety risk is automatically taken care of,” said Lemieux. “Plus, if you have young kids, you don’t want to slip and fall while carrying the baby and diaper bag and everything, so it just makes life much more comfortable.” Snow melt isn’t just for those concerned about broken hips, however. “Very affluent homes in West Vancouver, for example, have driveways that are entirely heated simply because they just don’t want to shovel,” noted Lo. Not to mention it’s a luxury to step onto heated patio stone when jumping out of the hot tub on a chilly winter evening. According to Mike Winter, a national sales manager for Emerson Industrial Automation’s

18 • March 2015 • www.EBMag.com

EB_March2015.indd 18

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

EasyHeat brand, the biggest obstacle when it comes to snow melting systems is “beating the concrete pour”. EasyHeat has been providing electrical snow melting for over 50 years and, historically, the products suffer from anonymity, he said. “People don’t typically think about them, but I see that changing. There’s certainly more discussion on a government level about it and for those with disabilities,” Winter said. “Places being open 24/7 is a big thing, and you’ve got to keep those access ways clear all the time then. This is a way to do it without having to have someone there or contract snow plowing work out... I see more pressure coming from insurance companies, too, for slip and fall prevention. And, for commercial purposes, infrastructure preservation is a big deal. Salt and chemicals just eat up your concrete.” Energy-friendly with sensors Even when the budget isn’t a factor, it’s important to remember that homes have to have significant amperage to accommodate snow melt systems, noted Winter. “They can be a bit of a power hog.” For example, a 20 x 50-ft driveway at 50W/sf would take a little over 200 amps to melt, said Winter. However, with electrical, self-regulating cables like the ones EasyHeat champions, it’s an investment that only “costs you when you need it”, Winter pointed out, unlike other snow-melt systems—like hydronic ones—where either the boiler or circulation pump is running continuously. “The [electrical] systems are provided with moisture and temperature sensors that turn on automatically, keep it on for the duration of the storm and then shut it off automatically,” said Lemieux, speaking to the energy-saving component. EasyHeat studied how much power one of their commercial snow-melt systems used and compared it to what the customer would pay a contracted-out snow plowing service. The snow-melt system was saving that customer an average of $500-600 a year. Contrary to popular belief, snow melt systems are not as expensive as they once were, added Lemieux. “It’s actually very reasonable to operate, like a 1000-sf driveway in Toronto in a 10-hour snowstorm would cost somewhere in the area of $35-$40 to keep it dry,” Lemieux said. As for installation, prices will vary with distributors, but EasyHeat’s

list price is around $12-$15/sf for the materials. Automated controls range in price from $400 to $3000. The higher-end ones are fully programmable and split up the power into several zones. Nuheat’s list price is around $10/sf for their mineral-insulated cable and $7/sf for their self-regulating cable. Nuheat’s PD pro sensor is the more popular one for

apps or web browser. Britech quotes the retail price of installing custom cable on a 1000sf driveway around $8600. Costs aside, these systems are expected to last the life of the building. Britech uses Nexans heating cables from Norway and, according to Lemieux, cables installed 70 years ago in Europe are still running.

Apply For $120,000 in 52 Scholarships

The Electro-Federation Canada Scholarship Program has been supporting students for 20 years.

n Atio : c i l App ADline 15 De 31, 20 MAy

APPly TodAy: efcscholarship.fluidreview.com EFC_EB_March.indd 1

EB_March2015.indd 19

driveways and walkways, says the company, and it ranges from $400 to $500—mid-range for a sensor, explained Lo. The company’s new Signature thermostat is listed at $265 and, while it wouldn’t work for a driveway, it is ideal for patio floor heating, as it is Wi-Fi controlled and comes with weather updates, energy monitoring and remote access via free smartphone

2015-02-18 PM www.EBMag.com • March 20152:34 • 19

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

personalities Roger Vaught has been appointed to the position of vice-president of member development with IMARK Canada (www. Roger Vaught imarkcanada.com). Vaught has been involved with the

North American electrical industry for over 30 years and, specifically, in the Canadian electrical market since 1990. In his new role, he will focus primarily on the recruitment of new members to IMARK Canada as well as act as a resource for current members. He will report directly to Jerry Knight of IMARK.

McKenna Agencies of Edmonton, Alta. took home the Canadian Sales Achievement Award presented by Arlington Industries Inc. at the 2015 NEMRA (National Electrical Manufacturers Representatives Association) conference in San Diego. These awards recognize

national and regional sales achievement for overall sales and special product sales of Arlington products in 2014. Solar Global Solutions (www. solarglobalsolutions. com) has appointed Chuck Cartmill to the position of CEO. While SGS Chuck Cartmill was founded by the Cartmill Group in 1988, this announcement marks Cartmill’s official transition into an active executive role with the company, noted SGS. Cartmill was named Ernst & Young’s Entrepreneur of the Year (Atlantic Region) in 2006 and, in 2010, he was inducted into Atlantic Business Magazine’s Top 50 CEO Hall of Fame. Civilight North America (www.civilight.com) has launched a manufacturer rep network that spans, they say, from coast-to-coast throughout Canada and the States. For the Canadian commercial and industrial market, Luma Tech Solutions (lumatechsolutions. com) covers Vancouver, B.C., while Prolite Agencies showcases Civilight products in its showroom in Abbotsford, B.C. According to Civilight, this new rep and showroom network will bring the company’s LED lamps into local markets with technical and sales support. Ideal Industries (www. idealindustries.ca) has appointed Dag Nyhof to the position of general manager of Ideal Industries (Canada) Corp, who will be located at the Canadian head office and manufacturing facility in Ajax, Ont. Nyhof joins Ideal from Medeco Canada, a division of Assa Abloy, where he held the position of general manager, leading all aspects of the Canadian business from 2010.

THE GLOBAL

SunEdison (www. sunedison.com) recently announced Paul Gaynor as the new executive vicepresident for the North America Paul Gaynor Utility and Global Wind business unit. He is responsible for growing the global wind platform in North America and accelerating the development and construction of the projects acquired from First Wind. Gaynor was previously CEO of First Wind Holdings, which Sun Edison acquired earlier this year.

LANGUAGE OF LIGHT LIGHTFAIR.COM

NEW YORK, NY USA

Javits Center PRE-CONFERENCE

May 3 – 4, 2015 PHOTO CREDITS (1) WALL ILLUMINATION FANTASY OF PIOLE HIMEJI, HIMEJI-SHI, JAPAN | LIGHTING DESIGN: UCHIHARA CREATIVE LIGHTING DESIGN INC + TAKENAKA CORPORATION | PHOTOGRAPHY © MASAKI KAWAGUCHI (2) BRANZ KOSHIEN, NISHINOMIYA, JAPAN | LIGHTING DESIGN: AKARI+DESIGN ASSOCIATES | PHOTOGRAPHY © HIROYUKI TSUDA

TRADE SHOW & CONFERENCE

May 5 – 7, 2015

EB march 2015.indd 1 20Lightfair • March 2015 • www.EBMag.com

EB_March2015.indd 20

2015-02-24 7:24 AM

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

lighting products Arva: HyLite LED T8 tube ballast and flicker-free

Arva says its HyLite LED T8 tube lights are “the premier LED linear replacement for traditional T12, T10, and T8 fluorescent tube lights”. The tubes are ballast and flicker-free, emit 90% of their light in a 120 downward direction, reducing lighting pollution, said the company, and can save anywhere from 50% to 75% on power compared to traditional fluorescent tubes. ARVA www.arva.us

Columbia Lighting reveals LXEP, parking garage LED

LaMar LED occu-smart series: the second generation

Columbia has introduced an LED lighting solution called the LXEP designed specifically for parking garages. The LXEP is an instant-on light source with an extra wideangle light distribution to illuminate parking bays. The company says the light-per-fixture energy savings are up to 65% over fluorescent or HID sources, and the LXEP is rated to last 60,000 hours (100,000 projected). COLUMBIA LIGHTING www.columbialighting.com

These fixtures have a new LED driver that allows installers to adjust full-output light levels in the field, says LaMar, and offer the option of multiple low-light, or standby, levels, with energy savings up to 88% during unoccupied times. Standby wattages are as low as 3.5W for the 2-ft model and 5W for the 4-ft model. This generation also features new boards with metal core printed circuit boards that are made with Samsung 5630 LEDs

and promise cooler operation than most fiberglass composite boards. LAMAR www.lamarlighting.com

Osram Lightify lighting kits

Osram Sylvania’s Lightify connected lighting kits come complete with a wireless gateway that can be plugged into a standard outlet, then sync with a Wi-Fi network and gateway. You then connect your Lightify devices (up to 50 per gateway) via ZigBee. Lightify products also have an app that allows customers to control the system and play with personal lighting scenes. OSRAM SYLVANIA www.sylvania.com

products Mersen launches global line of new switches

ProBuilt XLE 5000 LED worklight

Mersen Electrical Power recently announced the availability of a new line of low-voltage disconnect switches. The company said it now has the broadest range of switches in the industry, available globally, including UL508, UL98, and IEC standard products for AC and DC applications. MERSEN www.mersen.com

The ProBuilt XLE 5000 is a 50W LED worklight that produces 5000 lumens at a colour temperature of 5000K. The LEDs are rated for over 50,000 hours of lamp life, claims ProBuilt, and draw only 1.4A. The product is also cUL listed for wet locations and has an IP65 rated housing. PROBUILT probuiltlighting.com

Milwaukee: new M18 tools have over 50% longer run-time

Dewalt releases conduit reamer DWA2600IR

Milwaukee Tool has launched three new M18 compact brushless prod-

ucts that promise longer run-time. The new models include the M18 1/2-in. compact brushless drill/ driver (2701), M18 1/2-in. compact brushless hammer drill/driver (2702) and M18 1/4-in. hex brushless impact driver (2750). The tools are compatible with the entire M18 cordless tool system, which now sports more than 70 lithium-ion products. MILWAUKEE www.milwaukeetool.ca

No lacing up with Blundstone CSA Greenpatch boots

With no laces involved, Blundstone says its CSA Greenpatch pull-on, kick-off boots bring “functional footwear to a whole new level”. Blundstone injection-moulded soles are made with new Kevlar CSAapproved protection mid-soles. A heat-formed heel provides a snug fit, reducing the risk of blisters, the company adds. Also, deluxe Poron footbeds provide support for the back and heels, while toes are protected by a tempered-steel, Grade 1 safety toe cap. BLUNDSTONE www.blundstone.ca

WOWClowd to integrate with cable certification testers

Dewalt says its DWA2600IR new conduit reamer is designed to make “quick work of de-burring EMT conduit”. The reamer works in 1/2-in., 3/4-in. and 1-in. conduit, and has a 1-in. bit tip holder on the front for tightening fittings and driving screws. An Impact Ready hex shank and reamer replacement blades are available. The reamer will be all available at Home Depot and Rona stores in April, and is expected to retail for about $30 to $35. DEWALT www.dewalt.com

WOW Insites says its WOWClowd will soon integrate with certification-level testers, supporting the import of third-party test results. WOW says this platform will allow project managers to create work orders, upload floor plans, etc., in the cloud. Technicians initiate testing from their mobile devices and feed results, pictures, video, etc., in real time to a collaborative project management solution. WOWCLOUD www.wowclowd.com

Panasonic updates Toughbook

Panasonic has updated its rugged laptop, the Toughbook 31, which now features an 18-hour battery life (27-hour with the optional second battery). It has a new 5th-generation Intel Core i5 processor plus Intel HD Graphics 5500, and a “design that withstands a 6-ft drop and is certified to pass 19 different MIL-STD-810G tests”. Prices start around $3699. PANASONIC www.panasonic.com

Advertiser index Advertiser PAGE AD Rewards..................................24 Arlington Industries.........................9 Canadian Standards Association...22 Eaton Canada...............................15 Electro-Federation Canada............19 FLIR Canada.................................11 Hammond Manufacturing.............16 Hubbell Canada............................10 IPEX Electrical.................................2 Lightfair........................................20 Mersen.........................................23 Nexans...........................................1 Noark Electric.................................6 Northern Cables..............................7 Schneider Electric.........................18 Southwire Canada........................13 Thomas & Betts...........................1,5 Underground Devices...................14

www.EBMag.com • March 2015 • 21

EB_March2015.indd 21

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

code file

Nansy Hanna, P.Eng

Attachment plugs in solar PV installations

E

very electrical system consists of different equipment and devices, so it is essential that each piece— no matter how small—is suitable for the application, such that the complete electrical system works safely. Speaking of small components, among the smallest devices in a solar photovoltaic installation are the ‘attachment plugs’ a.k.a. plug-in, sleeve-and-pin or MC connectors. They are a critical component in the system because, as the name suggests, they connect the system together. And you’ve likely heard the adage that a chain is only as strong as its weakest link. As per CE Code Rule 50-020, the connectors used to connect cables between PV modules are required to be of the locking type and rated for the voltage and current of the circuit in which they are installed. Also, attachment plugs are required to be of a type that requires a tool to open when they are readily accessible and used in circuits operating at over 30V. Another important issue that is sometimes

overlooked—or its importance not well recognized—is the mateability of connectors approved for use in PV generators. PV connectors are approved for use as a mated pair only (i.e. the connectors are certified as a pair). Interchanging various manufacturers’ connectors voids their approval and, hence, should not be permitted. PV modules come complete with output leads and connectors. It is important to use the same type of connector with the ones on the PV modules for the last connection to the combiner box, to prevent compatibility issues. Each manufacturer uses a proprietary mix

Questions and answers compiled by the Electrical Safety Authority

Tackle The Code Conundrum... if you dare! Answers to this month’s questions in April’s Electrical Business.

How did you do with the last quiz? Are you a... Master Electrician ? (3 of 3) Journeyman ? (2 of 3) Apprentice ? (1 of 3) Plumber ?! (0 of 3)

Visit www.esasafe.com

Question 1

When two or more supply services are installed to an industrial building, the service boxes shall be separated in various locations, approved to the supply authority, to avoid unintentional shutdown to all power to the building a) True b) False

The living area designated for dwelling unit service calculation shall be determined using: a) the total area of the dwelling unit, including all levels b) the total area of the dwelling unit, including all levels except basement c) the total area of ground floor, total living area(s) in upper floors and 75% of the basement area d) the first 90m2 of the total area of the dwelling unit, plus 75% of the rest of the total area, including all levels

Question 3

The nominal alternating-current system voltages used to supply electrical vehicle charging systems shall not exceed: b) 208V

Answers: EBMag February 2015 Q-1: Where a fan is used to ventilate commercial cooking equipment, the control for the fan motor shall be:

These devices have only been investigated to mate with the same line of connectors/ devices within their product family. These devices have not been investigated to mate with any other similar devices from other manufacturers. Nansy Hanna is the director for Engineering & Program Development at Electrical Safety Authority (ESA) where, among other things, she is responsible for product safety, code development, improving harmonization and alternative compliance, worker safety, and aging infrastructure programs. She is a LEED-Accredited Professional and a member of CSA CE Code-Part I, Sections 24, 32, 46, 50 and 64. Nansy can be reached at nansy.hanna@electricalsafety.on.ca.

d) All of the above. Rule 26-754.

Question 2

a) 120V

of materials and procedures in making their connectors. So while there may be electrical and mechanical compatibility at one point, there is no continued evaluation to ensure that changes in the production process of one manufacturer will result in their connectors remaining compatible with those from another. Case in point: the following is an extract from a certification agency’s guide for this product category:

Figure 1

c) 600V

Q-2: Each receptacle that supplies shore power to boats is required to be supplied by an individual branch circuit that supplies no other equipment. a) True. Rule 78-054. Q-3: The largest size of a stranded conductor that is permitted to be terminated under a wire-binding terminal of a wiring device is:

Always consult the

electrical inspection authority in your province/territory for more specific interpretations.

c) No. 10 AWG. Rule 12-116(3).

d) 750V

The 2015 Canadian Electrical Code, Part I is Now Available The CE Code Part I helps electrical professionals effectively address the safe installation of electrical equipment and appliances. Choose from a range of formats and training options to get an increased understanding of the impacts of safe installation practices Register to your business. Build Your Bundle and Start Saving Today!By JULY 1 www.csagroup.org/cecode

CSA group EB march 2015.indd 1 22 • March 2015 • www.EBMag.com

EB_March2015.indd 22

2015-02-24 2:10 PM

2015-03-04 1:57 PM

Mersen_

Reduce wire installation time up to 75%

Mersen USG Series UltraSafeTM Fuseholders Innovative UltraSafe class CC and midget fuseholders with screw-less, spring pressure, wire termination technology.

ep-ca.mersen.com

Ferraz Shawmut is Mersen

EB_March2015.indd Mersen_EB_Sept.indd231

2015-03-04 2013-08-22 1:57 2:37 PM

With AD Rewards, customers are rewarded for purchasing participating suppliers’ products from an AD Canada Distributor. You earn one point for every dollar spent(1) at any AD Rewards Distributor(2) across Canada. You may already have points from purchases and not even know it. It’s the best rewards program in the industry. Isn’t it time you started rewarding yourself today?

Browse our catalogue at ADRewards.ca to find something for everyone. EXCLUSIVE PROMOS & GIVEAWAYS

NO CARDS, NO HASSELS

FAST DELIVERY

EASY ENROLLMENT

ADRewards.ca

(1) Points earned on purchases from participating AD Canada Distributors and participating suppliers only. (2) Rules on website apply.

AD_Rewards_EB_April.indd EB_March2015.indd 24 1

2014-03-25 1:57 2015-03-04 2:19 PM PM