CHOIR
Michael Hanawalt, Director; Sarita Gustely and Isiah Maxey, Graduate Associate Conductors; Judy Arthur, Piano with special guests
Hannah Hetzel-Ebben Yarolimek, Speaker
Gregory Sauer, Cello
And
“Illuminate” UNIVERSITY SINGERS
Kevin Fenton, Director; Harold Wright and Colby White, Graduate Associate Conductors; Victoria Coey and Dylan Rhodes, Piano
Saturday, April 18, 2026
Seven-thirty in the Evening Ruby Diamond Concert Hall
Livestream: wfsu.org/fsumusic
Pre-Concert Lecture
PROGRAM
Dr. Hannah HE Yarolimek
“The Sacred Veil” University Chamber Choir
Michael Hanawalt, conductor
The Sacred Veil Eric Whitacre
1. The Veil Opens (b. 1970)
2. In a Dark and Distant Year
3. Home
4. Magnetic Poetry
Sarita Gustely, graduate associate conductor
5. Whenever There Is Birth
Sarita Gustely, graduate associate conductor
6. I’m Afraid
7. I Am Here
8. Delicious Times
9. One Last Breath
10. Dear Friends
11. You Rise, I Fall
12. Child of Wonder
Isiah Maxey, graduate associate conductor
INTERMISSION
Thank You
The University Chamber Choir extends sincerest gratitude to Dr. Hannah H.E. Yarolimek for her guest lecture and for deepening our understanding of this work.
We also thank Dean Todd Queen, the College of Music administration, the Ruby Diamond Concert Hall staff, and Dr. Judy Arthur for their continued support.
Please refrain from talking, entering, or exiting while performers are playing. Food and drink are prohibited in all concert halls. Please turn off cell phones and all other electronic devices. Please refrain from putting feet on seats and seat backs. Children who become disruptive should be taken out of the performance hall so they do not disturb the musicians and other audience members.
“Illuminate”
University Singers
Kevin Fenton, conductor
Indodona arr. Michael Barrett (b. 1983)
The Lord has Taken his son who lived among us.
Jubilate Deo Benjamin Britten (1913–1976)
O be joyful in the Lord all ye lands, serve the Lord with gladness and come before his presence with a song. Be ye sure that the Lord is great. It is he that has made us and not we ourselves. We are His people and the sheep of His pasture. O go your way into the gates of thanksgiving and enter His courts with praise. Be thankful unto him and speak good of His name. For the Lord is gracious, His mercy is everlasting, and His truth endures from generation to generation. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son and to the Holy Ghost. As it was in the beginning, is now and ever shall be world without end, Amen
Sing Joyfully William Byrd (1540–1623)
Sing joyfully to God our strength; sing loud unto the God of Jacob! Take the song, bring forth the timbrel, the pleasant harp, and the viol. Blow the trumpet in the new moon, even in the time appointed, and at our feast day for this is a statute for Israel, and a law of the God of Jacob
Sicut Cervus Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (1525–1594)
As the dear longs for streams of water, so I long after you, O God
Veni, Sante Spiritus
Marques Garrett (b. 1984)
Come, Holy Spirit, and send out from heaven the ray of your light. In labor, rest, in heat, temperateness, in tears, solace. O most blessed light, fill the inmost heart of your faithful.
II.
Illuminare Elaine Hagenberg Splendor (b. 1979)
Splendor of God’s glory, bring forth light from light, light’s living spring, day, all days Illuminate.
Caritas
Love abounds in all, from the depths most excellent to beyond the stars, and loving toward all, she has given the highest king the kiss of peace.
Nox
Lord have mercy. Christ have mercy. Night and darkness and fog, confused world and turmoil. Dark gloom tears the earth, beats and stabs the sun.
III.
Hallelujah arr. Evan Powers
Jackson Roberts, soloist
Xtoles arr. Julio Morales
Xtoles, a Mayan warrior dance song to the Sun God, is thought to be one of the oldest known melodies. Translation: Come with me. The sun is going down.
Just a Stare Connor Mickey
Te Quiero arr. Liliana Cangiano
If I adore you it is because you are my love, my intimate friend, my all; and in the street, arm in arm, we are so much more than two.
Your hands are my caress, my daily affirmations. I love you because your hands work for justice. Your eyes are my lucky charm against misfortune. I adore you for your gaze that looks to and creates the future.
Your mouth is yours and mine, you mouth is never mistaken: I love you because your mouth knows how to cry out for rebellion.
And for your sincere face and wandering spirit and your weeping for the world–because you are the people, I love you. And because our love is neither famous nor naive, and because we are a couple that knows we are not alone. I want you in my paradise, which is to say, in my country; I want the people to live happily even though they aren’t allowed to!
Swing Low Sail High arr. Evan Powers
Kiley Berkery, soloist
Colby White, guitar
Michael Hanawalt is the Director of Graduate Choral Studies at Florida State University, where he conducts the Chamber Choir, teaches graduate courses in conducting and choral literature, and serves as Artistic Director for the Tallahassee Community Chorus. Previous appointments include Director of Choral Activities at Wichita State University, Chorus Director at the Wichita Symphony Orchestra, and Visiting Instructor of Music at St. Olaf College.
Hanawalt is a founding member of the professional male vocal ensemble Cantus, based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Throughout his eleven-year tenure with the organization, he recorded twelve CDs, participated in 200 educational outreach events, and performed in or oversaw the booking of over 500 concerts, including collaborations with the King’s Singers, the Boston Pops, the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra, and the Minnesota Orchestra. He also served for six years as Cantus’ Executive Director, overseeing its growth through organizational management, fundraising, and board development.
Active as a tenor soloist, Hanawalt is the winner of competitions held by the Schubert Club in Minneapolis, MN, Thursday Musical in St. Paul, MN, and the National Association of Teachers of Singing in Collegeville, MN. Recent past engagements include the Evangelist in J. S. Bach’s Matthäus-Passion with the Bethany College Messiah Festival of the Arts, as well as tenor soloist in Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 with the Wichita Symphony Orchestra and in Mozart’s Requiem with the Tarleton State University choirs and orchestra and at Westfield State University in Massachusetts.
Hanawalt’s choral arrangements are published by Boosey & Hawkes, Colla Voce, and the Niel. A Kjos Music Company. His setting of “Amazing Grace” has been performed at two national conventions of the American Choral Director’s Association, and his arrangement of “Loch Lomond” is featured on the Cantus recording, Let Your Voice Be Heard.
Hanawalt holds a B.M. in Vocal Performance from St. Olaf College, an M.M. in Choral Conducting from Michigan State University, and a Ph.D. in Choral Music Education from Florida State University. He is the recipient of the 2016 Mickey and Pete Armstrong Faculty Award for Excellence in Teaching from the Wichita State University College of Fine Arts.
Kevin Fenton, Professor of Choral Conducting and Ensembles and Director of the FSU University Singers and Men’s Glee (Collegians), has conducted the Virginia Tech Meistersingers (1998), the University Singers (2002, 2003, 2006, 2007 and 2013), and the Festival Singers of Florida (2012 and 2018) in performances at regional and national conventions of ACDA and NAfME. He has served as a Fulbright Specialist to SubSaharan Africa, teaching choral conducting and conducting pedagogy at Kenya’s Conservatory of Music. In the fall of 2019, Fenton taught conducting at the Universitas Pelita Harapan in Jakarta, Indonesia. As co-founder of AVoice4Peace, Fenton has held AVoice4Peace events in Kenya, Indonesia, Ireland, China, and for the Florida and Southern Region ACDA conventions. Fenton has conducted choirs in 35 states, including twenty-nine all-state choirs. Internationally, Fenton was a featured conductor for the International Choral Festival and Conference in Xi’an (2017) and Beijing (2007), South Africa’s National Youth Choir (2016), and the Dublin International Choral Festival (2016). A champion of new music, Fenton has conducted over thirty premiere performances.
Fenton has taught graduate and undergraduate courses in choral literature and choral conducting at Florida State University since 2000, and his textbook, Foundations of Choral Conducting, is being used in beginning conducting classes throughout the country. He is a recipient of the Florida State University Teaching Award for Excellence, the Gamma Mu Chapter of Delta Omicron Music Professor of the Year Award, and the Wayne Hugoboom Distinguished Florida Service Award. Fenton is Artistic Director of the Festival Singers of Florida, who are celebrating their 12th season.
ABOUT THE FEATURED GUESTS
Hannah Hetzel-Ebben Yarolimek, MD, is a first year Obstetrics and Gynecology resident physician at University Hospital–Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. She is originally from Lexington, Kentucky. She graduated with a Bachelor of Music in Vocal Performance from Florida State University in 2021 and received the Medical Doctorate from Case Western Reserve University in 2025. Her research interests include exploring ways to increase access to fertility treatments for all patients and reducing adhesion formation in gynecological surgery. Her passions include finding ways to combine the worlds of music and medicine, such as her previous involvement as the National Project Manager of the 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization heARTS Incorporated, as the creator of Arts for Alzheimer’s at Tallahassee Memorial Hospital, and projects such as this collaboration with FSU Chamber Choir. In the future, she hopes to continue finding ways to use music as a means for medical education and advocacy.
Professor of Cello Gregory Sauer joined the College of Music in 2006. A native of Davenport, Iowa, Gregory Sauer attended the Eastman School of Music and the New England Conservatory. His principal teachers included Ada Marie Snyder, Charles Wendt, Paul Katz, Laurence Lesser, Bonnie Hampton and Colin Carr. For eleven years prior to his arrival at FSU Sauer taught at the University of Oklahoma, where he was named Presidential Professor (2005).
Praised for his versatility, Sauer performs in many different musical arenas. He has appeared in recital at the Old First Concert Series in San Francisco, the Crocker Art Museum in Sacramento, the Brightmusic Concert Series in Oklahoma City, at universities and schools of music such as the Blair School of Music at Vanderbilt, the Shepherd School at Rice University, the University of Iowa and the University of Tennessee, among many others. Sauer was a prizewinner in the Hudson Valley Philharmonic and Ima Hogg National competitions and has performed concertos with the Hudson Valley Philharmonic, the Houston Symphony, the New American Chamber Orchestra, the Quad City Symphony, Oklahoma City Philharmonic, the Columbus (GA) Symphony, the Tallahassee Symphony, and the Missoula Symphony, among others.
Sauer joined the Carpe Diem String Quartet in 2019, playing concerts in Carnegie Hall’s Weill Recital Hall, Siena, Italy, and in the group’s first China tour. Along with his brother, Thomas Sauer, he serves as co-Artistic Director of Chamber Music Quad Cities in their hometown of Davenport, Iowa. Other chamber music ventures have resulted in appearances at the Austin Chamber Music Center, the Snake River Music Festival, the Victoria Bach Festival, the Texas Music Festival, the Colorado Music Festival, and the Garth Newel Music Center. As a member of the Fidelio Quartet, a prizewinning group in the London International String Quartet Competition, he performed concerts in the UK, Germany, Italy, and the Tanglewood and Aspen Music Festivals.
In 2006, Sauer was appointed to the music faculty at Florida State University. Prior to that he taught eleven years at the University of Oklahoma, where he was named Presidential Professor. Other teaching/performing positions have been a visiting professorship at the University of California at Los Angeles, summer programs such as the Texas Music Festival, the Duxbury Music Festival, the Foulger International Music Festival, the Green Mountain Chamber Music Festival, Red Lodge Music Festival, and the Hot Springs Music Festival. Sauer has recorded for MSR Classics, Harmonia Mundi, Albany, and Mark Records. Sauer attended the Eastman School of Music and the New England Conservatory. His teachers included Ada Marie Snyder, Charles Wendt, Paul Katz, Laurence Lesser, Bonnie Hampton, and Colin Carr.
An introduction to The Sacred Veil, written by
Charles Anthony Silvestri
What if our departed loved ones are not truly gone, but are closer than we think? How can we mourn those we have lost while still moving forward? We have all experienced the loss, in one way or another, of someone or something we have loved deeply. How do we know when it’s time to move forward? The Sacred Veil represents a journey toward the answers to these questions. Many journeys, really. Working with Eric to create The Sacred Veil has become a significant part of my journey toward healing and wholeness after great loss.
My wife, Julie, died in May 2005 after a long battle with ovarian cancer, just a few days shy of her 36th birthday, leaving me and our two small children to navigate the world without her, our guiding star. Julie was a gentle soul, but with a tenacious and stubborn spirit, and she approached her diagnosis with grit and determination to survive. She had always wanted to be a mother; and now with the fulfillment of that dream all around her, she faced the anguish of leaving her babies and resolved to beat this disease.
But in spite of all her efforts and prayers, cancer touched our family like it does to so many, and took her away. Understandably I was angry for a long time—at myself, for not doing more to save her; at Julie for leaving me to raise our kids without her; at God, for His cruel silence in the face of all our prayers. I grieved, and mourned her loss, to be sure. But I had children to raise, and a demanding job. I couldn’t touch the deepest places of my grief. At least not yet. And I certainly could not write poetry about it.
After a long while, ten years or so, I was finally in a place where I could process what I had experienced, what Julie’s death had meant to me, and what I had learned after all this time. My friends had encouraged me to write poetry about it, poetry that was authentic, that came from a deep, personal place. And so, with their support I began to experiment with writing about my grief, gingerly touching that place in my heart, still tender after all this time, and exploring the deeper caverns of my emotions.
One of the earliest poems I wrote was a reflection about birth, death, and eternity, which was the product of all the reflection, all the processing, all the spiritual struggle to find my way back to a solid place to stand in a universe with God in it. I began to understand things differently, contemplating what Julie might be experiencing now, having crossed the veil into eternity. It was comforting to realize that from her perspective, where time and space have no meaning, she and I and our children are already together, and have always been. That veil between here and there is always very close, and we are not as separated as I had felt. Our loved ones who have died stand so close to us.
I brought this poem with me to Los Angeles to share at a family funeral, and I stayed in the home of my friend Eric Whitacre. I don’t know what possessed me to leave a copy of the poem on Eric’s piano as I left for the cemetery, but I did so. Perhaps I just wanted to share with my friend the little bit of catharsis I had found in it; perhaps I secretly wanted him to consider setting it. Eric quickly found the music beneath the words, and the journey toward this work began.
Throughout the entire process Eric was more than a creative collaborator. He was my friend, my brother, my confidant, my confessor, my advocate, my voice when I could not speak. I don’t think I could have explored those deepest places in my soul without his guidance and gentle encouragement. The music he created cradles and embraces the text in the most loving and respectful way.
The process took several years and demanded that I read for the first time since her death Julie’s journals, her email blog, her medical records, and other writing. I discovered (or, rediscovered) what a deep and thoughtful writer she was, how much she cared for me and the kids, and how frightened her illness made her, in spite of her powerful faith. Reading these relics of her inner life was the most challenging part of the process for me, reopening all the old wounds and encouraging a new, deeper catharsis. I am very proud that her voice is included in this work.
Encountering her voice again also reminded me what a deep honor it is to have loved, to have become so intimate with someone that theirs is the hand you hold when you experience the most intense and sacred moments of your life: birth and death, those moments when the two sides of eternity mingle. Those moments are all here in this work: love, life, loss, anguish and, eventually, acceptance, peace, and welcoming home.
The Sacred Veil represents the deepest, most personal of all the lyric poetry I have written, and the most intense of all the creative journeys I have attempted. We all have pain. We all have experienced loss. We all long for catharsis and closure, even as we grieve. What I have found is that through hard work and time the old wounds do close; but they leave scars behind. Those scars are powerful talismans, evidence that we loved—and still love—those we have lost. Oh, but they are not lost; their journey continues. The veil is thin. They stand so close, just there, just on the other side of eternity.
Chamber Choir Personnel
Michael Hanawalt, Director
Sarita Gustely and Isiah Maxey, Graduate Associate Conductors
Soprano
Haley Bolam
Athalia Eugene
Themily Figueras
Emily Folsom
Caitlin Gerding
Rose Hellmers
Maggie Merrell
Mariangely Rodriguez
Madison Roths
Arden Ruby
Becca Smith
Elaina Wilson
Alto
Kiley Berkery
Kate Bishop
Prescott Breitling
Morgan Cerra
Reese Cooper
Sarita Gustely
Rose Hellmers
Yuko Hori
Gracee Myers
Aritza Reyes Drullard
Ruth Springer
Audra Weathers
Tenor
Robert Lovins
Kyle McDonald
Jeremy Moore
Steven Olson
Jackson Roberts
Brandon Scribner
Sam Stevenson
Kristopher Watson
Colby White
Harold Wright
Timothy Yu
Bass
Ethan Bixby
Joshua Butler
Jordan Evans
Yasha Foster
Augusto Girotto
Random Goethe
David Griffith
Owen Hillman
Christopher Martinez
Isiah Maxey
Troy Sleeman
Logan Williams
University Singers Personnel
Kevin Fenton, Director
Colby White and Harold Wright, Graduate Associate Conductors
Soprano 1
Amy Arredondo
Julia Chaves
Caitlin Gerding
Isabelle Jocelyn
Sophia Nagy
Kendall Ruyle
Emily Woo
Soprano 2
Allyson Andaluz
Taylor Livingston
Sophonise Pierre
Kendall Ruyle
Daira Suster Sanchez
Rebecca Smith
Mogale Stewart
Alto 1
Kiley Berkery
Cassidy Clark
Reese Cooper
Aritza Reyes Drullard
Alyssa Jimenez
Lindsay Reese
Veronica SaavedraHowell
Alto 2
Victoria Coey
Mia Cruz
Jacqueline Jenkins
Lynette HernandezMancera
Izzy Martinez
Aritza Reyes Drullard
Gabriella Sierra
Tenor 1
Tobias Deggans
Matthew KilfeatherBonello
Zachary Magner
Christian Reggi
Jackson Roberts
Colby White
Tenor 2
Tyler Brown
William Coey
Caden Early
Antwan Shamaar
Latimore
Connor Mickey
Gabriel Nair
Harold Wright
Baritone
Victor Angel
Nathan Cohen
Jacob Da Costa
Jack Marshal
Benjamin Reid
Jeremiah Tracey
Bass
Douglas Chaplow
Grayson Dannelly
Ferris Kritzer
Clement Lee-Sursin
Bryce Macon
Christian Noel
Dylan Rhodes
Yaniv Dinur, Conductor
Michelle Cann, Piano WAGNER
Prelude and Leibestod from Tristan und Isolde LISZT
Piano Concerto no. 1 STRAUSS
Death and Transfiguration SCRIABIN
Le Poeme de l’extase
SATURDAY MAY 2
UNIVERSITY MUSICAL ASSOCIATES
2025-2026
Dean’s Circle
Les and Ruth Ruggles Akers
Dr. Pamela T. Brannon
Richard Dusenbury and Kathi Jaschke
CarolAline Flaumenhaft
Joyce Andrews
Louie and Avon Doll
Patrick and Kathy Dunnigan
Kevin and Suzanne Fenton
Andrew and Karen Hoyt
Alexander and Dawn Jiménez
Jim Lee
Paula and Bill Smith
Margaret Van Every
Gold Circle
Albert and Darlene Oosterhof
Bob Parker
Todd and Kelin Queen
Karen and Francis C. Skilling
David and Jane Watson
Bret Whissel
Sustainer
Stan and Tenley Barnes
Kathryn M. Beggs
Karen Bradley
Steve and Pat Brock
Suzi and Scott Brock
Brian Causseaux and David Young
James Clendinen
Mary and Glenn Cole
Carol J. Cooper
Sandy and Jim Dafoe
F. Marshall Deterding and Dr. Kelley Lang
Diane and Jack Dowling
Aaron and Caroline Ellis
John S. and Linda H. Fleming
Joy and James Frank
William Fredrickson and Suzanne Rita Byrnes
Ruth Godfrey-Sigler
Michael and Marsha Hartline
Ken Hays
Melanie Hines and Dudley Witney
Dottie and Jon Hinkle
Todd S. Hinkle
The Jelks Family Foundation, Inc.
Emory and Dorothy Johnson
Gregory and Margo Jones
Anne van Meter and Howard Kessler
Dennis G. King, Esq.
William and Susan Leseman
Annelise Leysieffer
Linda and Bob Lovins
William and Gayle Manley
Robert and Patty McDonald
Marian and Walter Moore
Ann W. Parramore
Almena and Brooks Pettit
David and Joanne Rasmussen
Edward Reid
Mark and Carrie Renwick
Stephen and Elizabeth Richardson
Lawrence and Lisa Rubin
Patrick J. Sheehan
Dr. James and Ruth Anne Stevens
Richard Stevens and Ron Smith
Sustainer
cont’d
Marshall and Nell Stranburg
William and Ma’Su Sweeney
Martin Kavka and Tip Tomberlin
Steve Moore Watkins and Karen Sue Brown
Stan Whaley and Brenda McCarthy
Kathy D. Wright
Mary S. Bert
Joe and Susan Berube
Marcia and Carl Bjerregaard
Greg and Karen Boebinger
Larry and Sara Bourdeau
David and Carol Brittain
Dean and Lyndsey Caulkins
Bonnie and Pete Chamlis
Malcolm A. Craig
Linda Davey
Rochelle Davis
Judith Flanigan
Bonnie Fowler, Armor Realty
L. Kathryn Funchess
Harvey and Judy Goldman
Jerry and Bobbi Hill
Sally and Dr. Link Jarrett
Judith H. Jolly
Arline Kern
Jonathan Klepper and Jimmy Cole
Elna Kuhlmann
Keith Ledford
Patron
Donna Legare
Joan Macmillan
Patrick Malone
Victoria Martinez
Stephen Mattingly
Ann and Don Morrow
Joel and Diana Padgett
Karalee Poschman
Mary Anne J. Price
Magda Sanchez
Jill Sandler
Paula S. Saunders
Jeanette Sickel
Susan Sokoll
George Sweat
Ed Valla
Scott and LaDonna Wagers
Sylvia B. Walford
Diana Wang
Geoffrey and Simone Watts
Natalie Zierden
Patricia C. Applegate
Sarah and John Bender
The Boyett Family
Judy and Brian Buckner
Kasia Bugaj and J. Renato Pinto
Robby Bukovic
Darren and Peyton Cassels
Marian Christ
Katie and Daniel Elliott
Sarah Eyerly
Cynthia Foster
Gene and Deborah Glotzbach
Sue Graham
Laura Gayle Green
Miriam Gurniak
Donna H. Heald
Carla Connors and Timothy Hoekman
Jane A. Hudson
Jayme and Tom Ice
Stephanie Iliff
William and DeLaura Jones
Jane Kazmer
Associate
Paige McKay Kubik
Joe Lama
Jane LeGette
Eric Lewis
Dr. Lynne Y. Lummel
Cindy Malaway
Lealand and Kathleen McCharen
Dr. Linda Miles
Drs. Linda O’Neil and Sebastian Alston
Becky Parsons
Michelle Peaceman
William and Rebecca Peterson
Adrian and Rachel Puente
Sanford A. Safron
Lori and Charles Smith
Sudarat Songsiridej and Mary Schaad
Susan Stephens
Allison Taylor
C. Richard and Phrieda L. Tuten
Steve Urse
Janie W. Weis
Karen Wensing
Lifetime Members
Willa Almlof
Florence Helen Ashby
Mrs. Reubin Askew
Tom and Cathy Bishop
Nancy Bivins
Ramona D. Bowman
André and Eleanor Connan
Russell and Janis Courson
J.W. Richard Davis
Ginny Densmore
Carole Fiore
Patricia J. Flowers
Hilda Hunter
Julio Jiménez
Kirby W. and Margaret-Ray Kemper
Patsy Kickliter
Anthony M. Komlyn
Fred Kreimer
Beverly Locke-Ewald
Cliff and Mary Madsen
Ralph and Sue Mancuso
Meredith and Elsa L. McKinney
Ermine M. Owenby
Mike and Judy Pate
Laura and Sam Rogers
Dr. Louis St. Petery
Sharon Stone
Donna C. Tharpe
Brig. Gen. and Mrs. William B. Webb
Rick and Joan West
John L. and Linda M. Williams
Sallie and Duby Ausley
Beethoven & Company
Corporate Sponsors
Ron Erichson/Beth Frederick
Business Sponsors
WFSU Public Broadcast Center
The University Musical Associates is the community support organization for the FSU College of Music. The primary purposes of the group are to develop audiences for College of Music performances, to assist outstanding students in enriching their musical education and careers, and to support quality education and cultural activities for the Tallahassee community. If you would like information about joining the University Musical Associates, please contact Kim Shively, Director of Special Programs, at kshively@fsu.edu or 850-645-5453.
The Florida State University provides accommodations for persons with disabilities. Please notify the College of Music at 850-644-3424 at least five business days prior to a musical event if accommodation for disability or publication in alternative format is needed.