Student Number: ................................................................. Name: ................................................................. Address: ................................................................. City ................................................................. State ................................................................. Zip: ................................................................. Phone: .................................................................
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SCHOOL INFORMATION
The building blocks of success.
STUDENT I.D. INFORMATION
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INDEX
Class Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
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Two Year Calendar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Using Your Planner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Study Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7
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Week at a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-125
U.S. and World Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126-129 Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 General Math Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131-133
Periodic Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136-137 Grammar and Speech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138-139 ACT and SAT Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . 140-141 Long-Term Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142-143 Personal Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 1
2011-2012
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School Name: ................................................................. Address: ................................................................. School ID: ................................................................. City, State, Zip: ................................................................. Phone: ................................................................. Fax: ................................................................. Email: .................................................................
Period
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Subject Teacher Time Room Subject Teacher Time Room Subject
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Teacher Time
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Room Subject Teacher Time Room Subject Teacher
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Time Room
Time Room Subject Teacher Time
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Room
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Teacher
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Subject
Subject
Teacher Time
Room
Club (s)
Meeting (s) Team Practice Club (s) Meeting (s) Team Practice Club (s) Meeting (s) Team Practice
2
Period
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Subject Teacher Time Room Subject Teacher Time Room Subject
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Teacher Time
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Room Subject Teacher Time Room Subject Teacher
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Time Room
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Subject Teacher Time
Teacher Time
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Room
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Room Subject
Subject
Teacher Time
Room
Club (s)
Meeting (s) Team Practice Club (s) Meeting (s) Team Practice Club (s) Meeting (s) Team Practice
3
2011 CALENDAR 3 4 5 6 10 11 12 13 17 18 19 20 24 25 26 27 31
S 1 8 15 22 29
M 2 9 16 23 30
S M T 1 6 7 8 13 14 15 20 21 22 27 28
F 6 13 20 27
S M T W 1 5 6 7 8 12 13 14 15 19 20 21 22 26 27 28 29
MAY 2011 T 3 10 17 24 31
W 4 11 18 25
T 5 12 19 26
T 3 10 17 24
F 4 11 18 25
MARCH 2011 S 5 12 19 26
S M T 1 6 7 8 13 14 15 20 21 22 27 28 29
S 4 11 18 25
S M T W T
JUNE 2011 S 7 14 21 28
SEPTEMBER 2011 F 2 9 16 23 30
S 3 10 17 24
T 2 9 16 23 30
F 3 10 17 24
2 9 16 23 30
3 4 5 6 10 11 12 13 17 18 19 20 24 25 26 27 31
T 3 10 17 24 31
F 4 11 18 25
APRIL 2011 S 5 12 19 26
S M T W T
F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
S 2 9 16 23 30
S M 1 7 8 14 15 21 22 28 29
JULY 2011
OCTOBER 2011 S M T W T
W 2 9 16 23 30
AUGUST 2011 F 5 12 19 26
S 6 13 20 27
S 3 10 17 24 31
3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 14 17 18 19 20 21 24 25 26 27 28 31
F 1 8 15 22 29
NOVEMBER 2011
F S 1 7 8 14 15 21 22 28 29
S M T 1 6 7 8 13 14 15 20 21 22 27 28 29
W 2 9 16 23 30
T 3 10 17 24
F 4 11 18 25
T 2 9 16 23 30
W 3 10 17 24 31
T 4 11 18 25
S 5 12 19 26
DECEMBER 2011
S M T W T 1 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14 15 18 19 20 21 22 25 26 27 28 29
F 2 9 16 23 30
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S M T W T 1 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14 15 18 19 20 21 22 25 26 27 28 29
W 2 9 16 23
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2 9 16 23 30
FEBRUARY 2011
F S 1 7 8 14 15 21 22 28 29
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JANUARY 2011 S M T W T
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2012 CALENDAR T 3 10 17 24 31
W 4 11 18 25
T 5 12 19 26
FEBRUARY 2012
S 7 14 21 28
S M T W T F S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
F 4 11 18 25
S 5 12 19 26
S M T W T
MAY 2012
S M T 1 6 7 8 13 14 15 20 21 22 27 28 29
W 2 9 16 23 30
MARCH 2012
F 6 13 20 27
Sa
M 2 9 16 23 30
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JANUARY 2012 S 1 8 15 22 29
T 3 10 17 24 31
JUNE 2012
SEPTEMBER 2012 S M T W T 2 3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 16 17 18 19 20 23 24 25 26 27 30
S M T W T 1 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14 15 18 19 20 21 22 25 26 27 28 29
F S 1 7 8 14 15 21 22 28 29
3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 14 17 18 19 20 21 24 25 26 27 28
F 1 8 15 22 29
T 2 9 16 23 30
W 3 10 17 24 31
T 4 11 18 25
F 5 12 19 26
APRIL 2012 S 3 10 17 24 31
S 1 8 15 22 29
S 7 14 21 28
S M T W 1 5 6 7 8 12 13 14 15 19 20 21 22 26 27 28 29
JULY 2012 S 2 9 16 23 30
S 1 8 15 22 29
S 6 13 20 27
S M T W T 1 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14 15 18 19 20 21 22 25 26 27 28 29
OCTOBER 2012 S M 1 7 8 14 15 21 22 28 29
F 2 9 16 23 30
M 2 9 16 23 30
T 3 10 17 24 31
W 4 11 18 25
T 5 12 19 26
F 6 13 20 27
4
T 3 10 17 24
W 4 11 18 25
T 5 12 19 26
F 6 13 20 27
S 7 14 21 28
AUGUST 2012
NOVEMBER 2012 F 2 9 16 23 30
M 2 9 16 23 30
S 3 10 17 24
T 2 9 16 23 30
F 3 10 17 24 31
S 4 11 18 25
DECEMBER 2012 S M T W T 2 9 16 23 30
3 4 5 6 10 11 12 13 17 18 19 20 24 25 26 27 31
F S 1 7 8 14 15 21 22 28 29
Using Your Planner This planner will assist you in managing your time more effectively. It will be your personal guide in setting goals, whether they are effective study times or improving your overall grades. The information documented will be your tool to maximum achievement.
How to use your planner:
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1. Note in your planner all assignments right away. Don't try and remember the details later. Ask questions if you don't understand. 2. Record the day each assignment is due. This will assist you in prioritizing study time. 3. Write the time you should allocate for each assignment. 4. As you complete each assignment, check them with a check mark as shown below. 5. Record hall pass information: where you’re going, what time you left and who authorized your leaving class. 6. Record elective classes and after school activities. 7. Identify assignments that directly relate to tests and quizzes.
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√ 9:00 8:000 √ 12) -10:0 5/01/ ( 0 :0 9 0 8-12 ) 0 √ - p. 8 02/12 0-1:0 y / r 5 :0 ( o 1 t 1 His 9-40 /12) 5:30 - p. 2 (5/04 3:302 Math h 55 C p. 33Art ctice ll Pra a b e test Bas istory
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T
or H iew f 1. Rev e ct du proje t r A . 2
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Study Tips Study Guide To excel in studying is directly related to how you FOCUS. Your ability to learn the fundamentals of time management; how you take the opportunity to design your study location; how you develop your classroom skills; how you best utilize your time; and how you stick to your goals. The most important element that you must remember is to never lose your FOCUS.
Fundamentals
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Utilizing your planner is a key fundamental for successful study management. Keep your planner with you at all times. Write all short and long-term assignments, school activities, and after-school commitments in your planner. Write down exactly what you want to accomplish each day. Refer to your planner often throughout the day; your schedule may change and you need to stay on top of these changes. Number tasks in the order of importance and assign a time schedule for when you plan to do each task. Stick to your schedule. Complete task number one before moving on to task number two. Then, focus on task number two the same way before moving on to task number three. If you don’t finish the last couple of tasks, move them to the next day. If you continue with this same process, you will be less likely to forget assignments. Also, you would have accomplished the most important tasks for that day. Review your planner the last five minutes of each day to prepare for the following day’s tasks.
Opportunity
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Take the opportunity to maximize your study time. Where you study is just as important as when and how you study. Your study environment must eliminate all distractions. Before you study, review this checklist of important items that affect the physical environment of your “study room”: • Good lighting – avoids eyestrain.
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• Clock – helps you manage your time and assignments.
• Flat solid surface – keep your work area clean and clear of clutter.
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• Good chair – avoids stiff neck or muscle fatigue.
• Comfortable room temperature – allows mental alertness and physical comfort. • School tools – keep them in a convenient place to avoid wasting time looking for them. • Noise level – avoid all loud distractions that affect your concentration. • Background music – soft background music may be helpful. Be honest with yourself if the music is distracting you. • Glasses – if you wear glasses, use them.
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Study Tips Classroom Skills
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Be ready for each class by having your materials and your planner. Be prepared to listen and take good notes. Develop a system of note-taking including abbreviations, punctuation, and margins. Leave some space as you move from one point to the next so you can fill in additional notes later. Record only the major points. Spend more time listening and asking clarification questions if you don’t understand something. Keep your notes neat, legible enough for you to read. Note everything written on the board. Listen carefully to what the teacher presents as important. Listen for the main points, transitions from one point to another, relationships between points, results and summaries made by the teacher. Record all details of the assignment in your planner on the day the assignment is given. Record on the “due date” itself, that the assignment is due, but do not record all of the details again. Instead, record the date the assignment was given with a backward arrow (date) so you know where to look for the details of the assignment. Example. (4-10) Test
Utilize Time
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Proper and effective use of your time is the key to your success as a student. Before you begin your study period, plan how much time you will spend on each assignment. Using your planner, set up a schedule for each assignment and prioritize them according to length of needed time to complete the assignment, tests or quizzes, and date due. Then check to see if you have all of your school tools. In other words, get prepared before you sit down to work. Know your objective and goals for each study time. Be sure to schedule some breaks between assignments. Stand up and stretch, do some simple exercises, or refresh with a beverage before moving on to your next task.
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Stick to It
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Review your planner the last period of the day. Make sure you have all your books and materials necessary for that night’s study session. Take the time to plan and review before you leave school for the day. If you have time, prioritize and put a time on each assignment or commitment for that night. This is your game plan, stick to it!
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Reading Improvement Tips
• Start your own library with reading materials that you collect.
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• Take notes in your purchased copies of magazines, novels, or newspapers. • Ask your teacher for a suggested reading list. • Read over your school breaks and summer vacation; never stop learning. • Read different types of material; newspapers, magazines, text books, instruction manuals, greeting cards, and even street signs! • Get a library card and spend time looking at the different media types. • Read original text, not secondary sources.
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Financial Education Money Management It is said that money can’t buy happiness. But saving it correctly can make you feel better about your future. Bad spending habits can cause stress, which affects your mood and can even have a negative effect on your health! If you’re currently spending your allowance or money you earn as fast as you get it, you are creating bad spending habits that will be tough for you to break later. That is why it important for you to start building good money management habits now.
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Earning Money in High School Want to find ways in which you can earn money, other than getting an allowance from your parents? Check out the help wanted ads in your newspaper or online for part–time jobs. If you're interested in a particular career, check out a summer internship with businesses in your area. Get creative, and talk with your parents or guardians about some of these ideas: • Tutoring younger kids in music, math, science, or reading. • Walking dogs or animal care (pet sitting). • Weeding and watering gardens or potted plants, mowing yards, snow shoveling. • Paper routes. • Babysitting. Check out this website for additional ideas: www.careerkids.com
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Consider volunteer work. You won’t earn a paycheck, but you will feel great about helping other people or animals. By volunteering your time, you make a difference and you also learn skills that you can use for other jobs in the future. Possible places to volunteer would be a nursing home, a food bank, or an organization that helps children with special needs.
MORE TO COME... Financial Education on page 18.
CAREERPLANET 8
AUGUST
F 2 9 16 23 30
S 3 10 17 24
9
NOTES________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________
2011 Tuesday
1
7
8
14
15
21
22
28
29
Thursday
Wednesday
2
Friday
ly
Monday
3
Saturday
4
5
6
10
11
12
13
16
17
18
19
20
23
24
25
26
27
30
31
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SEPTEMBER 2011 S M T W T 1 4 5 6 7 8 11 12 13 14 15 18 19 20 21 22 25 26 27 28 29
Sunday
9
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S 2 9 16 23 30
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3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 14 17 18 19 20 21 24 25 26 27 28 31
F 1 8 15 22 29
Sa
JULY 2011 S M T W T
AUGUST 2011 S M 1 7 8 14 15 21 22 28 29
THIS WEEK IN HISTORY: Aug 26, 1939 - First televised Major League baseball game
T 2 9 16 23 30
W 3 10 17 24 31
T F S 4 5 6 11 12 13 18 19 20 25 26 27
HALL PASS CHECK OUT
✔ To:
22 MONDAY lunes
Time: Initial: To: Time:
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Initial:
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To:
Time:
Initial:
✔ To:
23 TUESDAY martes
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Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial:
Sa
To: Time: Initial:
✔ To:
24 WEDNESDAY miércoles
Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: 16
25
✔ To:
THURSDAY jueves
Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: FRIDAY viernes
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26
✔ To:
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Time: Initial: To: Time:
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Initial:
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SATURDAY sábado
28
Time: Initial: SUNDAY domingo
Sa
27
To:
There are no thanks for a kindness, which has been delayed. Anonymous
SEPTEMBER 2011 S M 4 11 18 25
NOTES:
QUOTES:
T W T F S 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 30
No one who cannot rejoice in the discovery of his own mistakes deserves to be called a scholar. Donald Foster
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SEPTEMBER 2011 S M 4 11 18 25
THIS WEEK IN HISTORY: Oct. 2, 1961 - Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first black justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.
T W T F S 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 28 29 30
HALL PASS CHECK OUT
✔ To:
26 MONDAY lunes
Time: Initial: To: Time:
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Initial:
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To:
Time:
Initial:
✔ To:
27 TUESDAY martes
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Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial:
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To: Time: Initial:
✔ To:
28 WEDNESDAY miércoles
Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: 28
29
✔ To:
THURSDAY jueves
Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial:
✔ To:
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30 FRIDAY viernes
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Time: Initial: To: Time:
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Initial:
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SATURDAY sábado
2Oct.
Time: Initial: SUNDAY domingo
Sa
Oct.
To:
I have always depended on the kindness of strangers. Tennessee Williams
OCTOBER 2011 S M 2 3 9 10 16 17 23 /30 24/31
NOTES:
QUOTES:
People are difficult to govern because they have too much knowledge. Lao-tzu
29
T W T F S 1 8 15 22 29
4 5 6 7 11 12 13 14 18 19 20 21 25 26 27 28
OCTOBER 2011 S M 2 3 9 10 16 17 23 /30 24/31
THIS WEEK IN HISTORY: Oct 26, 1825 - The Erie Canal opens, connecting the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean via the Hudson River.
T W T F S 1 8 15 22 29
4 5 6 7 11 12 13 14 18 19 20 21 25 26 27 28
HALL PASS CHECK OUT
✔ To:
24 MONDAY lunes
Time: Initial: To: Time:
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Initial:
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To:
Time:
Initial:
✔ To:
25 TUESDAY martes
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Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial:
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To: Time: Initial:
✔ To:
26 WEDNESDAY miércoles
Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: 38
27
✔ To:
THURSDAY jueves
Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: To: Time: Initial: FRIDAY viernes
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28
✔ To:
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Time: Initial: To: Time:
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Initial:
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SATURDAY sábado
30
Time: Initial: SUNDAY domingo
Sa
29
To:
That best portion of a good man's life, his little, nameless, unremembered acts of kindness and of love. William Wordsworth
NOVEMBER 2011 S M 6 13 20 27
NOTES:
QUOTES:
Human history becomes more and more a race between education and catastrophe. H. G. Wells
39
T W 1 2 7 8 9 14 15 16 21 22 23 28 29 30
T F S 3 4 5 10 11 12 17 18 19 24 25 26
126
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127
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128
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Length
Time
English System
1 minute (min.) = 60 seconds (sec.) 1 hour (hr.) = 60 min. = 3,600 sec. 1 day = 24 hr. 1 week = 7 days 1 month = 30 days (for ordinary accounting) 1 year (yr.) = 12 months = 52 weeks = 365 days 1 leap year = 366 days 1 decade = 10 yr. 1 century = 10 decades = 100 yr.
1 foot (ft.) = 12 inches (in.) 1 yard (yd.) = 36 in. 1 mile (mi.) = 1,760 yd. = 5,280 ft.
Metric System 1 centimeter (cm) = 10 millimeters (mm) 1 decimeter (dm) = 10 cm 1 meter (m) = 10 dm = 100 cm = 1,000 mm 1 kilometer (km) - 1,000 m
Area English System
Approximate equivalents English to Metric
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1 ft.2 = 144 in.2 1 yd.2 = 9 ft.2 = 1,296 in.2 1 acre = 4,840 yd.2 = 43,560 ft.2 1 mi.2 = 640 acres
1 cm2 = 100 mm2 1 dm2 = 100 cm2 1 m2 = 100 dm2 1 m2 = 10,000 cm2 1 m2 = 1,000,000 mm2 1 km2 = 1,000,000 m2
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Volume and Capacity English System
1 in. = 2.54 cm (exactly) 1 ft. = 30.48 cm = 0.3048 m 1 yd. = 91.44 cm = 0.9144 m 1 mi. @ 1.609 km 1 oz. @ 28.349 g 1 lb. @ 454 g @ 0.454 kg 1 ton @ 907.18 kg 1 oz. @ 29.573 ml (cc) 1 cup @ 237 ml (cc) 1 qt. @ 0.946 L 1 gal. @ 3.785 L
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Metric System
1 ft.3 = 1,728 in.3 1 yd.3 = 27 ft.3 = 46,656 in.3 1 cup = 8 fluid ounces (oz.) 1 pint (pt.) = 2 cups = 16 oz. 1 qt. = 2 pt. = 32 oz. 1 gallon (gal.) = 4 qt. = 8 pt. = 128 oz.
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Metric to English
Metric System
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1 cm3 (cc) = 1,000 m3 1 dm3 = 1,000 cc 1 m3 = 1,000 dm3 = 1,000,000 cc = 1,000,000,000 mm3 1 km3 = 1,000,000,000 m3 1 liter (L) = 1,000 cc = 1,000 milliliters (ml) = 100 centiliters (cl) 1 ml = 1 cc 1 kiloliter (kl) = 1,000 L
1 cm @ 0.3937 in. 1 m @ 39.37 in. @ 3.281 ft. @ 1.094 yd. 1 km @ 0.6214 mi. 1 g @ 0.035 oz. 1 kg @ 2.205 lb. 1,000 kg @ 1.1 tons 1 L @ 1.057 qt.
Other Approximate Equivalents 1 ft3 @ 7.48 gal. 62.4 lb. @ weight of 1 ft3 of water 00 C = 320 F freezing point of water 1000 C = 2120 F boiling point of water
Conversion Factors for Metric System Kilo unit = 1,000 units Hecto unit = 100 units Deca unit = 10 units Deci unit = 0.1 unit Centi unit = 0.01 unit Milli unit = 0.001 unit
Weight English System 1 pound (lb.) = 16 ounces (oz.) 1 ton (T) = 2,000 lb.
Metric System 1 gram (g) = 1,000 milligrams (mg) = 100 centigrams (cg) = 10 decigrams (dg) 1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams 1 g = weight of 1 cc (1 ml) of water at 40 C
130
Algebra Basic Concepts Subtraction: a – b = a + (–b) Division: a ÷ b =
a = a · b–1 = a · 1 b b
Closure Property: a + b
and
ab are real numbers.
Commutative Property: a + b = b + a
and
ab = ba
Associative Property:
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c) and (ab)c = a(bc)
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Distributive Property:
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a(b + c) = ab + ac and (b + c)a = ba + ca Power of a Product: (xy)p = x p y p Power of Exponents: (x a )b = x (ab) Power of a Quotient:
For any real numbers x and y, y ≠ 0, and positive integer p.
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x p xp = p y y
Zero Exponent:
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Algebra
For any real numbers x (except 0), x 0 = 1
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Square of 1st Order Polynomial:
Polynomial FOIL Operation:
Difference of Squares Factorization: Difference of Cubes Factorization: Sum of Cubes Factorization:
Cube of 1st Order Polynomial:
Roots of Quadratic: The solution for a quadratic equation ax 2+ bx + c = 0 is given by the quadratic formula:mula: 2 2
- b ± b - 4ac x -=b ± b - 4ac 2a
131
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Geometry Formulas
132
Trigonometry Formulas A = measure of – A B = measure of – B C = measure of – C = 900 a = side opposite – A b = side adjacent to – A c = hypotenuse
cos A =
side opposite a = hypotenuse c side adjacent
=
hypotenuse tan A =
csc A =
b
sec A =
c
=
hypotenuse
=
side adjacent
side opposite a = side adjacent b
cot A =
side adjacent
side opposite
A = 900 – B
c a c
b
=
b
a
e
B = 900 – A
hypotenuse side opposite
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sin A =
y
Basic Formulas
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Pythagorean Theorem: c2 = a2 + b2
Radian-Degree Conversions π
radians
1 radian = 180 degrees π
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1 degree =
180
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TABLE OF VALUES FOR TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF SPECIAL ANGLES
angle (degrees)
angle (radians)
sine
cosine
tangent
cotangent
secant
cosecant
0
0
0
1
0
undefined
1
undefined
30˚
45˚
60˚
90˚
π
1
3
1
6
2
2
3
π
1
1
4
2
2
π
3
1
3
2
2
1
0
π 2
1
2 3
1
3
2
1 3
undefined
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3
0
2
2
2 2
undefined
3
1
134
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Physics Definitions:
Scalars – described as magnitude. Example: 7 meters Vectors – described as both magnitude and direction. Example 10 mi., South Distance – how much ground an object has covered. Displacement – How far out of place an object is. Speed – how fast an object is moving. Time of Travel
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Distance Traveled
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Average Speed =
Velocity – is the rate at which an object changes its position. Position
Average Velocity =
Displacement Time
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Time
=
Velocity (m/s) 0 10 a= 20 30 40 50
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Time (s) 0 1 2 3 4 5
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Acceleration – is the rate at which an object changes its velocity.
Velocity Time
Newton’s Laws of Motion Law 1 – A body at rest tends to remain at rest or a body in motion tends to remain in motion at a constant speed in a straight line unless acted on by an outside force. Law 2 – The acceleration a of a mass m by an unbalanced force F is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass, or aF/m Law 3 – For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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UNITED STATES FLAG 1776 Betsy Ross sewed the first American flag at the request of three people: George Ross (her uncle), Robert Morris and George Washington.
1777 The Continental Congress officially adopted the flag. They decreed, “Resolved: that the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the Union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation.” The stars stood for Delaware, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Georgia, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maryland, South Carolina, New Hampshire, Virginia, New York, North Carolina, and Rhode Island – the first 13 states.
Adding New Stars
When to Salute the Flag
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When Vermont and Kentucky joined the Union, Congress added 2 more stars and stripes to the flag. They soon realized that adding a new stripe for every state would quickly make the flag look odd. In 1818, Congress decided the flag should always have 13 stripes to represent the first 13 states. The stars would represent the number of states in the Union. Hawaii became the 50th state in 1960, and since then the flag has had 50 stars.
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You should face the flag, stand at attention, and salute (1) when the flag is passing in parade or in a review, (2) during the ceremony of hoisting or lowering, (3) when the National Anthem is played, and (4) during the Pledge of Allegiance. Anyone in uniform should give the military salute. Everyone else should place the right hand over the heart. People wearing hats should remove them and hold them, with the right hand over the heart, at their left shoulder.
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The National Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner The words of “The Star-Spangled Banner” were written on September 13-14, 1814, by Francis Scott Key. He was on a ship in Baltimore harbor while the British were attacking Fort McHenry. Key watched the battle and was moved to write the first stanza on the back of an envelope. He finished the poem the next day. Congress declared it the National Anthem on March 3, 1931. Oh, say can you see by the dawn’s early light What so proudly we hailed at the twilight’s last gleaming. Whose broad stripes and bright stars thru the perilous fight, O’er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming. And the rockets’ red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave.
The Pledge of Allegiance Francis Bellamy wrote the original Pledge of Allegiance in August 1892 for a public school Columbus Day celebration. His words were changed slightly over the years to form the Pledge we know today: I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.
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U.S. PRESIDENTS
April 30, 1789-March 3, 1797 March 4, 1797-March 3, 1801 March 4, 1801-March 3, 1809 March 4, 1809-March 3, 1817 March 4, 1817-March 3, 1825 March 4, 1825-March 3, 1829 March 4, 1829-March 3, 1837 March 4, 1837-March 3, 1841 March 4, 1841-April 4, 1841 April 6, 1841-March 3, 1845 March 4, 1845-March 3, 1849 March 4, 1849-July 9, 1850 July 10, 1850-March 3, 1853 March 4, 1853-March 3, 1857 March 4, 1857-March 3, 1861 March 4, 1861-April 15, 1865 April 15, 1865-March 3, 1869 March 4, 1869-March 3, 1877 March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881 March 3, 1881-Sept. 19, 1881 Sept. 20, 1881-March 3, 1885 March 4, 1885-March 3, 1889 March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893 March 4, 1893-March 3, 1897 March 4, 1897-Sept. 14, 1901 Sept. 14, 1901-March 3, 1909 March 4, 1909-March 3, 1913 March 4, 1913-March 3, 1921 March 4, 1921-August 2, 1923 August 3, 1923-March 3, 1929 March 4, 1929-March 3, 1933 March 4, 1933-April 12, 1945 April 12, 1945-Jan. 20, 1953 Jan. 20, 1953-Jan. 20, 1961 Jan. 20, 1961-Nov. 22, 1963 Nov. 22, 1963-Jan. 20, 1969 Jan. 20, 1969-Aug. 9, 1974 Aug. 9, 1974-Jan. 20, 1977 Jan. 20, 1977-Jan. 20, 1981 Jan. 20, 1981-Jan. 20, 1989 Jan. 20, 1989-Jan. 20, 1993 Jan. 20, 1993-Jan. 20, 2001 Jan. 20, 2001-Jan. 20, 2009 Jan. 20, 2009-Present
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Virginia Massachusetts Virginia Virginia Virginia Massachusetts South Carolina New York Virginia Virginia North Carolina Virginia New York New Hampshire Pennsylvania Kentucky North Carolina Ohio Ohio Ohio Vermont New Jersey Ohio New Jersey Ohio New York Ohio Virginia Ohio Vermont Iowa New York Missouri Texas Massachusetts Texas California Nebraska Georgia Illinois Massachusetts Arkansas Texas Illinois
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George Washington John Adams Thomas Jefferson James Madison James Monroe John Quincy Adams Andrew Jackson Martin Van Buren William Henry Harrison John Tyler James K. Polk Zachary Taylor* Millard Fillmore Franklin Pierce James Buchanan Abraham Lincoln* Andrew Johnson Ulysses S. Grant Rutherford B. Hayes James A. Garfield* Chester A. Arthur Grover Cleveland Benjamin Harrison Grover Cleveland William McKinley* Theodore Roosevelt William H. Taft Woodrow Wilson Warren G. Harding* Calvin Coolidge Herbert Hoover Franklin D. Roosevelt* Harry S. Truman Dwight D. Eisenhower John F. Kennedy* Lyndon B. Johnson Richard M. Nixon* Gerald R. Ford James E. Carter Ronald Reagan George H. W. Bush William J. Clinton George W. Bush Barack Obama
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44.
*Did not finish term.
Order of Presidential Succession. 1. Vice President
11. Secretary of Labor
2. Speaker of the House
12. Secretary of Health and Human Services
3. President pro tempore of the Senate 4. Secretary of State 5. Secretary of the Treasury 6. Secretary of Defense 7. Attorney General 8. Secretary of the Interior
13. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 14. Secretary of Transportation 15. Secretary of Energy 16. Secretary of Education 17. Secretary of Veteran Affairs
9. Secretary of Agriculture 10. Secretary of Commerce
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Grammar Period . Used at the end of a declarative, complete sentence. Example: Laura went to a movie on Saturday.
Comma , Used to indicate a separation of ideas, or when listing items in a sentence. Example: We are ready to go camping, when everything is packed. Example: For lunch I had a sandwich, chips, juice, and an apple.
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Colon :
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Used when you are introducing a list, quotation, explanation, or example. Example: Her favorite sports are: softball, volleyball, and track.
Semicolon ;
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Used to link independent clauses if not using a coordinating conjunction. Example: He would have made the Olympics; he missed the qualifying run.
Quotation Mark “ ”
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Used when enclosing a direct quotation, not indirect statements. Example: Mary said, “I have a great idea.” (Direct) Mary said that she had a great idea. (Indirect)
Apostrophe ’
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Used to indicate omission of letters from a word, the possessive case, or the plural case. Example: They’re planning a winter vacation this year. Example: That is Michelle’s bike.
Question Mark ? Used at the end of a direct question. Example: Are you planning on going to the dance?
Exclamation Point ! Used after a word group or sentence to express exceptional feeling. Example: He shook me and kept yelling, “They won the game!”
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Parts of Speech Noun A person, place or thing. Common noun – Any person, place, or thing. Examples: baby, school, or book Proper noun – Particular person, place, or thing. Examples: Kara, North Dakota, or Saturday
Pronoun
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Used in place of a noun or more than one noun. Examples: him, her, it, they Nominative Case – Takes the position of the subject of a sentence. Example: She went to the mall. Possessive Case – Shows ownership. Example: That bike is his. Objective Case – Receives action, or follows a preposition. Example: The teacher gave him his test back.
Adjective
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Describes a noun, or pronoun by telling “which one,” “what kind” or “how many.” Examples: that car, blue eyes, five players
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Verb
Shows action, tells what someone or something is doing. Examples: kick, jump, laugh, talk, think, or study
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Adverb
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Describes or modifies a verb, adjective or another adverb. Adverbs always answer the question: when, where, how, and why (or to what extent). Examples: marched slowly, very red apple, walked very quickly
Conjunction
Joins words, phrases, or clauses. Coordinating conjunction – connects words of the same element. Examples: and, but, for, or, nor, yet, or so Subordinating conjunction – joins the clause to the rest of the sentence. Examples: until, since, because, unless, as, if, or after
Preposition Shows the relationship of one noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence. Example: She went across the field.
Interjection Communicates strong emotion or surprise. Examples: Ha!, Oh no!, Hooray!, Hello!, Ouch!, Yes!, or No!
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Preparation Here are some general tips for successful test taking: The English, Reading, and Science Tests ask for the best answer. Read and consider all of the answer choices before you choose the one that best responds to the question. The Mathematics Test asks for the correct answer. Read each question carefully to make sure you understand the type of answer required.
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The test time limits give nearly everyone enough time to answer all the questions. However, because some tests include reading passages, don’t spend too much time on a single passage or on any one question.
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Your supervisor will announce when five minutes remain for each test. • Carefully read the instructions on the cover of the test booklet. • Read the directions for each test carefully.
• Pace yourself. Read each question carefully.
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• Answer the easy questions first. After you answer all of the easy questions, go back and answer the more difficult ones.
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• Use logic to answer difficult questions.
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When you return to the more difficult questions, use logic to eliminate incorrect answers. Eliminate as many incorrect answers as you can, then make an educated guess among those remaining.
• Answer every question.
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Your ACT scores are based on the number of questions you answer correctly. There is no penalty for guessing, so it is to your advantage to answer every question during the time allowed for each test.
• Review your work.
If you finish a test before time is up, go back and check your work in that test before time is called.
• Mark your answers neatly. Do not mark or alter any ovals on a test for which time has been called. To do so will disqualify you from the examination.
• If you erase an answer, erase completely.
The preceding information is from www.act.org. This is a great source for information concerning the ACT testing preparation and process. © 2005 by ACT, Inc. All rights reserved.
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SAT Preparation Approaches and reminders on how to do well on the SAT Subject Tests™ Approaches • Take the SAT Subject Tests when the content is fresh in your mind. • For subjects like biology, chemistry and world history, you should consider taking the test at the end of the course.
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• For languages, you may want to take the tests after you have been studying the language for several years.
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• Take an educated guess by ruling out one or more answer choices for a multiple-choice question as definitely wrong; your chances of guessing correctly among the remaining choices improve.
• Omit questions only when you really have no idea how best to answer them. You don't gain or lose points for omitting an answer.
• Use the test book for scratch work to cross off answers you know are wrong, and to mark questions you did not answer.
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• Be sure to mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. You won't receive credit for any answers you marked in the test book.
Tips
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• Avoid extra marks on the answer sheet. The answer sheet is machine-scored, and the machine can't tell an answer from a doodle.
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• Become familiar with the organization of the tests you are interested in, the SAT Subject Test answer sheet, types of test questions on each test, and the test directions ahead of time.
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• Check out free SAT Subject Tests practice. • Answer the easier questions first. • The easier questions are usually at the beginning of a grouping of questions.
Items you may use:
• Use a calculator on the SAT Subject Tests Mathematics Level 1 and Mathematics Level 2 tests only. • Bring an acceptable CD player and extra batteries to the test center if you are registered for any of the Language with Listening tests. • Get familiar with the SAT Subject Tests • The SAT Subject Tests are the only admissions tests that give you the opportunity to demonstrate your knowledge and skill in specific subjects. This is another chance to shine, especially if you are interested in a particular subject area. The preceding information is from www.collegeboard.com
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Dates to Remember July 2012
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September 2012
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August 2012
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October 2012
November 2012
December 2012
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Dates to Remember January 2013
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February 2013
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March 2013
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April 2013
May 2013
June 2013
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Contact Information
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Name
The building blocks of success. High School Aim to Achieve (K400) Š Copyright 2011-2012 Academic Planners Plus
866.211.6123
4601 16th Ave N, Fargo, ND 58102
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