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Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2016 = 6.17, www.srjis.com UGC Approved Sr. No.49366, NOV-DEC 2017, VOL- 4/37

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LEFT- HANDED AND RIGHT- HANDED ADOLESCENT STUDENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR INTELLECTUAL ABILITY Dinesh Chandra Kandpal1 & Praveen Kumar Tiwari2, Ph. D. 1

(Research Scholar)

(Asst. Professor), Uttarakhand Open University Haldwani Nainital Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

INTRODUCTION Handedness is still a big question in worldwide for normal society. There are some questions in the mind of common people that, why a person is left hander or a right hander? What are the factors responsible for it? What is Handedness? And who is more intellectual between Left hander and Right hander? So it is research worthy to compare between the intellectual ability of Left hander and right hander. Handedness is defined and categorized in different ways. Most people define handedness as the hand that one uses for writing. Some researchers define handedness as the hand that is faster and more precise for manual tasks. Others define it as the preferred hand, regardless of its abilities. Whereas some people always use their right hand or their left hand for most activities, others use one hand or the other depending on the activity. Still other people can use either hand for most functions. Left- handed children usually are more flexible in their hand usage than right-handers; this may be because they are forced to function in a world designed for right-handers. There is no standard measure for determining degrees of handedness. Some scientists believe that there are only two types of handedness: right and non-right. These researchers believe that true left-handedness is rare and that most lefthanders are really mixed-handed. Others believe that ambidexterity. The finding of most of the researcher shows that the 90% population does most of their daily work with the help of right hand and rest 10% population does most of their daily work with the help of left hand. Due to this, Right handed population is in majority and left handed population is in the minority. Manufacturers always manufacture goods as per the mode of the population and most of the things are manufactured only for the Right handers and left handers are bound to use them. For e.g. if the door handles are on the wrong side, buttons of the shirts are opposite side than usual, speed control of scooter and motorcycle are opposite side, the can opener and Copyright ÂŠ 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Dinesh Chandra Kandpal & Dr. Praveen Kumar Tiwari 8588 (Pg. 8587-8592)

pencil sharpener have handle on the wrong side etc. Definitely it will be problematic for 90% of the population. But on the other hands the 10% population is experiencing it in their daily practice due to their handedness. As they are Left Handed, (Coates, 1996, Hackney, 1997, Milson1995 Left –Handedness from the beginning is not considered as a normal phenomenon. It is believed that right handedness is the normality and left- handedness is a deficiency which results from a traumatic birth. In India the use of left hand for good purpose is perceived as abnormal and devilish act. A small child born as a left-handed will face many obstacles in his life as he grows up. It can be difficult for left-handed children to learn to write if the teacher does not take the student‟s left handedness into account. School is the first institution where handedness becomes a matter of great concern. So this study is being done to find out the significant differences between the intellectual ability of the Left Handed Adolescent and Right Handed Adolescent. Definition of the Terms Left-Handed Adolescent: Left- Handed adolescent student here in this investigation refer to the

students of class XI

who use their left hand more skillfully or easily than the right hand Or those who use their left hand for writing work. Right- Handed Adolescent: Right handed adolescent student here in this investigation refer to the students of class XI who use the right hand more skillfully or easily than the left hand Or those who use their right hand for writing work Intellectual Ability: Intellectual Ability is outcome of with that ability which involves the quantum of intelligence in the possession of intelligence in the possession of the individual. The term “Intellectual Ability” here in this investigation refers to the intellectual ability of the Adolescent students of intermediate colleges of Nainital and Udham Singh Nagar district affiliated to uttarakhand Board as measured by the Standard Progressive Matrices, a test developed and validated by Raven‟s and others (1972). Objectives: 1-To determine the nature and extent of the relationship between handedness and Intellectual ability of the left handed adolescent students and Right handed adolescent students.

Dinesh Chandra Kandpal & Dr. Praveen Kumar Tiwari 8589 (Pg. 8587-8592)

2-To determine the nature and extent of the relationship between handedness and Intellectual ability of the left handed male adolescent students and Right handed male adolescent students. 3-To determine the nature and extent of the relationship between handedness and Intellectual ability of the left handed female adolescent students and Right handed female adolescent students. Hypothesis: 1-There is no significant difference between Left Handed Adolescent and Right Handed Adolescent Students. Research Design The research design was essentially descriptive in nature. Survey method was used to obtain persistent and precise information concerning the current status of the phenomenon and draw valid conclusion from the fact discovered. Population: Students of class XI of Intermediate colleges of Uttarakhand situated in Kumoun region, these colleges shall be the government institution or institution in grant in aid by the government will be treated as population of the study. Sampling: Purposive sampling method was used with regard to the inclusion of left handed students. And proportionate stratified Random sampling technique was used for the inclusion of right handed students in the sampling Sample: 90 right-handed students and 90 left- handed students of intermediate colleges of Uttarakhand Board from Nainital and Udham Singh Nagar district will be included in the sample for the study. Tools Used: Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM), a test developed and validated by Raven and others (1972) is used to identify the intellectual ability of Left Handed and right Handed Adolescent Students to differentiate among them. Analysis of the data The obtained information was tabulated and organized in the form of frequencies and the tabulated data was further analyzed

Dinesh Chandra Kandpal & Dr. Praveen Kumar Tiwari 8590 (Pg. 8587-8592)

Table 1.1:Frequency distributions of the ‘Intellectual Ability Scale’ Scores of the total Sample Adolescent Students (N=180) S.N

Class Interval

Frequency

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

56-60 51-55 46-50 41-45 36-40 31-35 26-30 21-25 16-20 11-15 TOTAL

04 15 28 37 26 23 19 18 07 03 180

Table 1.2: Values of Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation, Standard Error of Mean, Median, Standard Deviation and relevant Statistics with respect to the Intellectual AbilityScale Scores for the total sample adolescent students. (N=180) S.N. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Statistics

Symbol Mean M. Median Md Mode Mo Standard Deviation SD S. Error of Mean SEm S. Error of Median SEMd S. Error of Standard SESD Deviation Tenth Percentile P10 Twenty-fifth percentile P25 Seventy-fifth percentile P75 Ninetieth percentile P90

Intellectual Scale Scores 37.883 40.000 43.000 10.637 0.793 0.994 0.563

Ability

23.000 29.000 46.000 51.900

Table 1.3 Chi Square Value RSPM Scores 14.000 15.000 16.000 17.000 18.000 19.000 20.000 21.000 22.000 23.000 24.000 25.000 26.000 27.000

Observed N 1.000 2.000 2.000 1.000 1.000 2.000 1.000 2.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 4.000 3.000 5.000

Expected N 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091

fo-fe

(fo-fe)2

(fo-fe)2/fe

Residual -3.091 -2.091 -2.091 -3.091 -3.091 -2.091 -3.091 -2.091 -0.091 -0.091 -0.091 -0.091 -1.091 0.909

9.554 4.372 4.372 9.554 9.554 4.372 9.554 4.372 0.8281 0.8281 0.8281 0.8281 1.190 0.8262

Chi squire value 2.335 1.068 1.068 2.335 2.335 1.068 2.335 1.068 0.202 0.202 0.202 0.020 0.290 0.201

Dinesh Chandra Kandpal & Dr. Praveen Kumar Tiwari 8591 28.000 29.000 30.000 31.000 32.000 33.000 34.000 35.000 36.000 37.000 38.000 39.000 40.000 41.000 42.000 43.000 44.000 45.000 46.000 47.000 48.000 49.000 50.000 51.000 52.000 53.000 54.000 55.000 56.000 57.000

7.000 3.000 2.000 4.000 7.000 6.000 1.000 6.000 4.000 5.000 4.000 2.000 9.000 7.000 8.000 12.000 5.000 5.000 6.000 3.000 3.000 4.000 11.000 2.000 4.000 4.000 2.000 4.000 2.000 2.000

Total

180.000

4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 4.091 ∑fe= 180.004

2.909 -1.091 -2.091 -0.091 2.909 1.909 -3.091 1.909 -0.091 0.909 -0.091 -2.091 4.909 2.909 3.909 7.909 0.909 0.909 1.909 -1.091 -1.091 -0.091 6.909 -2.091 -0.091 -0.091 -2.091 -0.091 -2.091 -2.091

8.462 1.190 4.372 0.8281 8.462 3.644 9.554 3.644 0.0082 0.8262 0.0082 4.372 24.09 8.462 15.280 62.552 0.826 0.826 3.6442 1.190 1.190 0.0082 47.734 4.372 0.0082 0.0082 4.372 0.0082 4.372 4.372

(Pg. 8587-8592) 2.068 0.290 1.068 0.201 2.068 0.890 2.335 0.890 0.002 0.201 0.002 1.068 5.888 2.068 3.735 15.290 0.201 0.201 0.890 0.290 0.290 0.002 11.668 1.068 0.002 0.002 1.068 0.002 1.068 1.068 ∑x2= 70.613

Conclusions and their Significance: On the basis of the overall picture which emerged from the data presented in Table 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 it may be inferred that the above findings of Chi square value is higher than the table value at 0.05 level of Significance, So the Null hypothesis is rejected, means there is a significant difference in the intellectual ability of the Left handed adolescent students and Right handed adolescent students. Implication in Education: These findings are important for all those individuals who are involved in the process of „Educating‟ the Adolescents. These findings may be utilized to make a quick decision with regard to the Intellectual Ability of an individual student. This may help teachers, parents and educational planners as well as educational administrators to formulate devise and adopt appropriate strategies to develop suitable techniques to fulfill the educational needs of the adolescent students differing in their handedness. Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

Dinesh Chandra Kandpal & Dr. Praveen Kumar Tiwari 8592 (Pg. 8587-8592)

References Coates .E.F(1996) The left handed “Their Sinister” history Hackney,C.S.(1997).Left handed in a right handed world. Sousa, D.A. (2006). How the brain learns. California: Corwin Press Betty Edwards (2012). Drawing On the Right Side of the Brain, Teacher /Penguin New York. http://www.indiana.edu/~primate/brain.html https://www.zaner-bloser.com/news/left-handed-child-right-handed-world. http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/handedness.aspx