SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASING JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND VARIOUS REHABILITATIVE ME

Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language, Online ISSN 2348-3083, SJ IMPACT FACTOR 2017: 5.068, www.srjis.com PEER REVIEWED JOURNAL, OCT-NOV 2018, VOL- 6/30

A CORRELATIVE STUDY OF FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND RESILIENCE OF ADOLESCENTS Alice Nessy. K PhD Scholar, Department of Psychology, Osmania University, Hyderabad. Abstract The needs of Adolescent’s are very distinct and specific. Family members should take utmost care in handling the problems faced by adolescents. This sequentially eases the adolescents to grow as resilient individuals. Adolescence has always been an area of interest for the researchers due to complexities in it. The focus of the study was to find out the correlation between the family environment and resilience of adolescents. The sample of 403 adolescents (223 boys and 185 girls) studying in various schools located in Hyderabad and Ranga Reddy Districts of Telangana State was taken for the study. The instruments used were Family Environment Scale and Connor Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). For the data analysis various statistical techniques like Pearson’s product moment correlation and Multiple Regression were used. The results indicated a clear correlation between family environment and resilience of adolescents. Keywords: Family Environment, Resilience, Adolescents.

Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com Introduction: Adolescence is discerned as critical period in human life.It can be described as transitional period in one’s life.It is a time of both disorientation and discovery. Family environment, schooling, peer group, relationships, events in life can make adolescents well-adjusted, resilient, vulnerable and non adjusted. Family environment Family is a universal body of individuals living together, tied up in a bond called marriage. Family is a major support system for an individual. It is a supremely interdependent system. Family is an enduring bond of parent and off springs whose primary function are the socialization of the child and satisfaction of its members. In every culture, family as a fundamental factor plays a vital role in shaping the adolescent personality. The growing expansion of the field of Positive Psychology has increasingly led researchers to investigate the impact of the family on psychological adjustment. Some studies have shown that favourable characteristics of family interactions and parenting are associated with the presence of positive psychological conditions, such as perception of higher self-esteem (Bean Copyright © 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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& Northrup, 2009; Frank, Plunkett, &Otten, 2010; Musito, JimĂŠnez, &Murgui, 2007) and self-efficacy (Guo, Deng, Liang, & Yan, 2009; Hoeltje, Zubrick, Silburn, &Garton, 1996; Oliver & Paull, 1995), especially in adolescence. Resilience Resilience embodies the personal qualities that enable one to thrive in the face of adversity. â€Ś Resilience is a multidimensional characteristic that varies with context, time, age, gender, and cultural origin, as well as within an individual subjected to different life circumstances. (Connor & Davidson, 2003, p. 76). Werner (1992) refers to resilience is positive capacity in which individuals exhibit positive behavioural adaptation when they faced significant adversity or trauma in their life. Richardson (2002) defined resilience as the process of coping with adversity that contributes to development of protective factors. Warmth family relationship of parents helps to reduce family conflict and children mental illness (Luther &Zingler, 1991). Positive family environment and warmth parenting play a fundamental role to foster resilience. According to Flener (2005) children having highly educated parents, grown up in positive environment tend to more resilient and they have better physical as well as psychological health. Children who perceived good peer support, positive connection in school, higher family perception and positive feedback of teachers showed more resilient than other children who do not perceived these types of factors (Gonzalez and Padilla, 1997). According to Sameraff, et.al (1993) proposed that adolescent with higher level of self-esteem, effective parenting teaching, better internal locus of control and lower level of parenting criticism, product higher level of resilience. Objective To examine the influence of the family environment of the adolescents on their resilience. Hypothesis The family environment of the adolescents would positively influence their resilience. Participants A sample of 408 adolescents (223 males and 185 females) was selected randomly from five different schools of Hyderabad and Ranga Reddy districts of Telangana State, India. These students were in the age group of 13 to 16 years. Measures The following instruments are used in the present study Copyright ÂŠ 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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1. The Family Environment Scale developed by Bhatia and Chadda (1993) 2.Connor Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) (2015) Results and discussion This section examines the influence of family environment on resilience of adolescents. To examine the influence of family environment on resilience of adolescent students, the product moment correlation coefficient between family environment and resilience is computed and presented. Family environment in the present study is conceptualised in terms of eight dimensions (cohesion, expressiveness, conflict, acceptance and caring, independence, active recreational orientation organization and control) while resilience is a unitary construct. The correlation coefficients computed between the dimensions of family environment and resilience is computed and presented in table 1 Table 1 Means, Standard Deviations and Correlation Coefficients between Family Environment and Resilience Variables

Mean

SD

Correlation Coefficient

1. Cohesion

51.58

6.723

.435**

2.Expressiveness

31.54

4.490

.395**

3.Conflict

39.22

5.917

.281**

4. Acceptance and Caring

43.99

5.600

.460**

5.Independence

29.06

4.224

.246**

6. Active Recreational Orientation

29.13

4.425

.310**

7.Organization

5.835

1.270

8.Control

14.77

2.884

.173**

9.Family Environment Total

245.13

25.266

.465**

.087

** p<.01 From table 1 it can be observed that the correlation coefficient computed between the family environment total score and resilience score is positive and found to be significant. The correlation coefficient computed between the different dimensions of family environment with resilience is positive and found to be significant (p<.01), except for one dimension of family environment. This indicates that there is a significant positive relationship between family environment and resilience of adolescents. From table 1 it can be observed that the seven dimensions of family environment namely cohesion, expressiveness, conflict, acceptance and caring, independence, active recreational orientation, and control have shown to have a significant positive relationship with resilience. Copyright ÂŠ 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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(p<.01). As shown in the table1 organization, one of the dimensionsof family environment has no significant relationship with resilience (p>.01). To further assess the relative contribution of each of these eight dimensions of family environment on resilience, the data was subjected to stepwise multiple linear regression. Resilience scores were treated as dependent variable and the eight dimensions of family environment were treated as independent variables. The results obtained are presented in table 2 Table 2 Results of Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with Dimensions of Family Environment Predicting Resilience Î’

Sig.

Acceptance and Caring

.269

.000

Expressiveness

.153

.006

Cohesion

.154

.019

df

Adj. R2

Variable

F

Dependent Variable: Resilience

45.164** 3,404 .251

**p<0.001 The stepwise multiple regression analysis ended in three steps, at the third step, only three dimensions of family environment entered the analysis and emerged as significant predictors of resilience. The results displayed in table 2 are the results obtained at the end of the third step. It can be observed that the regression model is found to be significant (F=45.164, df =3,404,

p<.001), this indicates that there exists a linear relationship between the

independent and the dependent variables. Adjusted R2 value of 0.251 from table 2 indicates that only twenty-five percent of the variation in the resilience scores is accounted to the three dimensions of family environment that have entered into the analysis. Further all the standardised regressions coefficients from table 2are found to be significant (p<.01). This indicates that the three dimensions of family environment namely, acceptance and caring, expressiveness, and cohesion, have emerged as significant predictors of resilience. The table also indicates that the other four dimensions of family environment namely conflict, independence, active recreational orientation, organization, and control has no significant contribution towards resilience of adolescents. Conclusion Results of the present study shows thatmost of the dimensions of family environment showed positive and significant correlations with resilience.In conclusion good family environment Copyright ÂŠ 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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promotes resilience among adolescents. Family environment influences resilience of adolescents. References Patil A.P., Adsul R. K. (2017). Examine the Role of Family Environment to the Development of Psychological Resilience among Urban and Rural Adolescents. International Journal of Indian Psychology, Vol. 5, (1). S. Prince-Embury and D.H. Saklofske (eds.), 2014. Resilience Interventions for Youth in Diverse Populations, The Springer Series on Human Exceptionality, Springer Science, New York. Sbicigo J.B. and Dellâ€™Aglio D.D.,2012,Family Environment and Psychological Adaptation in Adolescents,Brasil

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SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASING JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND VARIOUS REHABILITATIVE ME

Published on Dec 14, 2018

Scholarly Research Journal"s

Children show good performance when their surrounding environment is good positi9ve and supportive towards them. Physical, psychological moral and spiritual development makes children competent conscious and makes them able to understand their capabilities. On the other hand broken families, detrimental environment, lack of basic requirements lack of parental guidance and care etc. are some of the socio0-economic factors that caused for increasing juvenile delinquency in the society. Through the present study focus has been throw on the some major socio-economic and psychological factors that caused for juvenile delinquency and various measures taken by government for the rehabilitation of child criminals. Keywords – juvenile Delinquency, socio-economic causes, measures of rehabilitation.